c. n.2/1996 n.2.6.pdf · cicog awreparype "cepe6pahhoro beka" cm. m. 5. megnax. 06 ......
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EUROPA ORIENTALIS 15 (1996): 2
"BEJIHMHP": 05 HMEHI4 X.TIEBHHKOBA*
AH4pC 14 LUHIUKII H
He xa*,aomy meAoaexy, repmoreH, 4aHo ycTaHaainlaaTs HmeHa, HO
nH 616 TaxoMy, xoro M61 Ha3BBAH 5w TROpUOM HMeH. OH Ate, BHAHMO, H
eCTb 3axommaTens, a y* 3TOT TO H3 macTepos pene acero otbsia-AsieTcsi cpezn4 Taxitm o6pa3om, 6ecueHHeilmun MOR, 3axoHo-AaTeJlb, O KOTOpOM MM roaopHiTH, Toxce iloiTaceH ymeTs BOITA0111aTb
3ayxax H cnoraz Hma, npuvem TO camoe, xaxoe a xa*Aom c.nytiae Ha3Ha4eHo OT HpHpozha (11ABTOH. KpaTHA. 389a, 3898)
rIOAny A B xoHTopy "11353ecnin",
BHecyBOCCMHaBliarb py6.rien
H Tam Haacer1la pacnpowaloch
C (DammAmen npe*Hef4 moen.
KO3A0BbIM A 66ui knexcampom,
A 6o.nsine HM 6srrs He zogyl
3oBwre Op.noabim HHxaHApom,
3a 3TO A nertbni rtnavy.
BblTb MO*QT, C (pamHAI4ea HoBon cyablu mon cTaHeT ;mon
H *H3Hb rIOTegeT110-HHOMy.
Korila A aepHycsi H. 0.nenHHxoa. "IlepemeHa Oallotrum"
(He Honwee 1934).
a Bm6opom AHTepaTypHoro HMeHN 11/111 nceBnormma mo)KeT
CTOSITb H onpepe.meHHasi 3cTeTHLIecKas H COLLI4B/IbHaSI npo-
rpaMMa, H maHmeDecTaukisi npilHarine*HocTH K Tomy H.H14
HHomy AwrepaTypHomy Hanpas.neHkno, H npO.1yMaHHasl cprinococDpist
AwrepaTypHoro liN4eHH, H HeKoe 3epHo Jultmoro mi«Da, Bon.noutaBwerocst
3aTeM B TaopLiecTBe. Heo6bt4Hoe HN451 nHcaTema — 3arapKa, HO OHO *e H
KJI1014 K pa3ra,aKe.
OcodeHHo HHTepecHhim H HpKHM spemeHem/21153 pyccinix AHTepaTyp-
HMX HmeHincemoHmmos 15buia 3noxa Kornia XIX-Hava.na XX Beva.
BHCIIIHS151 H sHyTpeHHAsi (popma CJIOBa, apxariKa C.71013a, OB513b ero c nep-
120
AHApeR JJIH IOXHH
BO6bITHIAM MarH3MOM, ero rHoceonormg H OHT0.1101- 11.91, no pa3Homy
npencTarsam B n03TH4ecxog MbICJIH CHMBOJIHCTOB, axmeucToa H opyry-
psicTo13, B Ije.TIOM cocpenoTamsmaloT Ha ce6e OCHOBH0e smilmaHste 3noxH.
"Bopb6a 3a Jloroc", HecnymagHo o3arnaanHaan B 1911 r. scHsiry 0J:111H
pyccKsig chnococis. Bwcwee, TpaHcLkeHmeHTHoe, oTHoweHsie K CJI0By B 3Ty
3noxy — pieHsse Hmec.naw.tess, npHpaaHmaalowee CJIOBO K scoHe. ►lpaKTH-
mecKpag Hwrepec K Hmecnaamo 0613e,AHHAJI CTOJIb OTAHI-1HbIX npoTaro-
HHCTOB 3F1OXH, KaK BA4. HBaHOB H MaH,uenbLuTam, 3pH, 4)JI0peHCKH171 M C.
Bynraicoa. 1 HHog ypoaeHb OTH011leHHA K CA0By o6HapramaaeTcH BO ace
dance o6ocTpeHHhcx o6wecuseHHbix CXBaTKaX. 3AeCb CJIOBO He noroc, He
mmis, a opynue, npHmem B MOMeHT Bblculero Halcana o6wecTaeHHoro
KOHCDJIHKTa, rpawciaaHcicog BOAHIal, opynue rice B npgmom, He meTwpo-
pkimeacom CMbICJIe: a3pon.naHw 6enblx c6pacwaaloT HaA pacnonosKeHHAMI4
KpaCHIAX KaK 60eB0171 rpy3 .1114CTOBKH rutcaTeng Jl. AH,upeesa, a3ponnaHEA
xpacHblx 6OM6apIHpYIOT 6enbix CTI1XaMH F103Ta IlpHLmpoaa, KOTOPbIPI
rnican non nceszoHsimom BenHoro Llembsuia.
HeropHmecscoe H Teopervimeawe onHcaHme .nwrepaTypHbix simeH/
nceauoimmoa 3TOA 3noxii — mHorocno*Hag cpsinonorrtHeckcag 3aAa4a. 14
XOTA rice cyulearayer pg,u opHrkmanbHblx H rny6oKmx PICCJIen0BaHHA. ,
pa3peuleHme 3Tog 3aza4H ace euie Aanego. 2
naHHast pa6oTa AB.TIBeTCA nonbrncog HHTepripeTau,HH H36paHHOrO
XJIe6HHKOBbIM HMeHH — "BenHmHp". RASI Xne6Hmkosa, KOTOPMA yTeep-
*Tlan, LITO "CJIOBO HmeeT TpoheraeHHro npsspo,uy: czyza, yma H nyTH
,E(JIA poKa", 3 HmeHa C06CTBeHnble mornm 6bITb HOCHTeTIAMH cymb6w. Ho
1 HeCK011bK0 noupo6Hee CM. a moeg craTbe "Il verbo quale incarnazione negli scrittori russi del simbolismo". In: Semiotica del testo mistico. Atti del congresso. L'Aquila 1995, p. 844-862.
2 06 PimeHax B nwrepaType cp. Annie A. Marble. Pen Names and Personalities. New - York -London 1930. 0 pycwoix nsiTeparypHbrx ncea,uoHamax cp. ripe*ne acero B. r. £1mwTpuea. Cicpmamme cane MMA. 113 ACTOW414 nceanommos H aHoHH-MOB. M. 1970. OCO6HAKOM CTONT MICA pa6oT n0 otiomacTilice M. C. AfibTmaHa, HeM CM. CHOCKy 31 miace. H3 nocile,ammx pa6oT o in4TeparypHom HMeHH B pyc-cicog Awreparype "cepe6paHHoro BeKa" CM. M. 5. Megnax. 06 vimeilax AxmaTo-Boa. 1. Atma, "Russian Literature" 10/11 (1975); A. A. Hansen-Lave. Velimir Chleb-nikovs Onomatopoetic. Name und Anagramm, "Wiener Slawistischer Almanach", Band 21 (1988): 135 -224; K. Ilocroyremo3. 06 ouHom nceanomme C. 11. Bo6poaa (Map Hon3H), "Stanford Slavic Studies" 8 (1994): 277 -282.
3 CTaTbA 1913 r. He Haeryrniamero uapc -raa..." // B. Xne6Hsncoa. Co6pa- HNe MiInchen 1972 , T. V, c. 188. Aa.nee CCIAJIKA npHaonsirca B Texere.
"Benemff p": o6 liMeHH XJ1e6HJIKOBa
121
cBoeo6pa3He ~Sopa X.ne6H14KOBbIM .nwrepaTypHoro HmeHH .nyLue aHnHo
Ha (porle OTHOWeHH51 K meHe NMBHN N K Bbidopy ncemormma ero coBpe-
MeHHHKOB, MM KOCHeMCSI 3TOrO Bonpoca no Heo6xoammocTH B c.amom
npejlaapHTe.nbHom mine.
"Kax 3T0 3amegaTe.nbHo, 4TO B HoaoR Ju4Teparype rtHcaTeAH
HanpaartsnoT 31-13 14HTellbey1043CTb caoeR IfirryHUH11 Ha HmeHa".
BALI. HaaHoa. Pa3roaopm. 3anHcb Afibirmaila OT 27 aarycTa 1921 r.
1. OCTpOyMeH H mHoro3Ha4HTeneH 6bu1 nceanoimm, KOTOpbIM BJI. C. CO-
J10BbeB nopriptchman CBOH IllyT0 14Hble CTI1XH: "KHR3b 3cnep re.nHoTpo-
noB".4 BOT KaK OH "cpe.naH". Ecrrrepocr no-rpe4ecKH "Be4epwas1 313e3za" (B
pyccKori Tpamiumi - "recnep", TO ec-rb Be4epHs434 3Be3na, nosummowasicsi
cpa3y *e noc.ne 3aKaTa canHua), 3aTem "nXtocr, co.nFaxe + rpevecKoe
Tp2Yrrou, "noBopoT" = "KH$13b BegepHHA 3Be3,qa c.neaylowasi-3a-co.nHuem"
HJIH "KI1513b BegepHRsi 3Be3jja c.nekzylowaH-3a-3aKaTom-canHua". BmecTe C
TeM 1.113eTOK "re.nHoTpon" o6.napa.n CI1MBOJIHLIeCKHM 3HaveHmem C aHT11 14 -
HOCTH, Koriaa yKpawa.11 rOJIOBbI pliMCKHX HMnepaTOpOB, a B cpenHHe BeKa
Hcno.nb30Ba.ncst Ha 14KOHaX 4eBbi MapHH, aHre.noB, npopoKoB H T. 4. 5
KOM114eCKHA 3434)eKT ncemoHmma BO3M4Ka./1 H3 cotieTaHHA THnH4H0
cemmHapcKoti cDamHAHH "re.nHoTporma" C KHIDKeCKLI M THTyJIOM 14 3K3OTH -
tiecKHm rpet-tecKlim HmeHem "3cnep". HMA "KH513b 3cnep reiiHoTponoB"
B110JIHe COOTBeTCTByeT 1103TI4Ke IllyTIIHB0171 macKH, KoTopasi o6eperaeT
13131COKHA COKpOBeHHb1171 OfIbIT B no3Me "TpH cmnaHlisi".
licespofflimbi 14. AHHeHCKOTO "YTHC" HJ114 ero .nerKo 3awmcDpoBaHHbill
pyccH04114poBaHHLA 3KB11BalleHT "HHK. T-o" mor.m4 KaK 6b1 oTo6pa*aTb
ero HO3HUHIO no OTHOIlleHHIO K coBpemeHHogi eMy .nwrepaTypHoA KyJIb -
Type MAN 661Tb HaBe51HHMMH Temamm ero CTHXOB. 11CeBLIOHHM " HIIK. T-o"
ABJiAJiCA aHarpammoil HmeHH AHHeHcKoro — "141 -1HOKeHTHR",6 a ero rpe-
4 O CO34aHHH 3TOTO TICe13/210HIIMa CM. 11HCbm0 BJi. Co.rtOBbeaa k B. BypeHHHy 1886 r., 011y6JTHKoaaHHOe 3. MHHI.1 B KH. BJI. C0.71014bea. CTHxoTBOpeHHA 14 my-TomHble nbecm../1. 1974, c. 311. B 3T0 mmaltme B101104e110 cemb cnixoTaopemmq,
110,411HCaHM1X y1a3aHHb1M nceagoimmom. Meamy npoymm, B pycoma ne4aTH
1880-x rr., Bbierynaii K11.113b 113 plopmxoBmgen, 1103T 14 113/6.11141414CT 3cnep 3Cnep0 -
BN4 YXTOMCKMR; He MCKA104eHO, LITO ero HMSI xaxmm -TO O6pa3OM HOACK33,3/10
C0.110BbeBCKHA TICBMOHHM.
5 J. Chevalier, A. Gheerbrant. Dictionnaire des symboles. Paris 1982, p. 496. 6 OTmegexo A. 4,e/20p0Bb1M B KH. H.AHHBHCKHR. JTH4HOCTb H TBOptleCTBO. J1.
1984, c.30.
122
AH,apeti IUNmKHH
mecKtill atianor "YTHc" — HMA, KOTOpbIM Ha3BaJICA OTAHCCeh n0/11143eMy,
LITO6b1 He paCKpb1T6 eMy csoero HCTHHHOrO Hmemi H CflaCTHCb OT ero
rHeBa, KaK 6bi ABJIAJiCA CHHOHHMOM C.TIOBa "nces,r(omtm" — "BblMbH11-
.newioe m MA".
B. PO3aHOB nounichnia.ncsi He meHee, mem 47 (I) nceBAomirmamtt.
T(pyrtie micaTe.mi coBpememmici 110-Tib30BaJIHCb nemmormmm ncemnonm-
mamm, KaK manpmmep Bsni. HBaHOB (ZaK>eiìcr) WITH Bpacom (B. Zapom). 7
Re6iarmpym B .rniTepaType C. Bo6poB Ha4HHaJ1 c camoro anTmno3Tw4e-
cKoro ncesnommma — C. XHMHK ("BecHa" 1908); Ti.TIA noilpa*atiFt B.Tioxy
ynoTpe6.nsui HMA "cheocpti.n ElpaypH"; a ATM Aymuiero H3 comaBaemoro
HamepeBa.mcia Ha10llb30BaTb ApK0 CHMBO.THICTCKH mapKmpomannbu1 nce-
BAOHIIM — "Map 140.713H". 8
Hamdonee 3naLnimbnl H BAHATelli3HblA ncespotHim B miTepaTypHoA
Ky.(16Type KOHLla XIX-Hatialla XX BeKa npliiiagne*an MaKciimy rophKomy.
ilkicaTenb caNi KaK-TO paccKa3a.n O TOM, oTKypa B3AJICA 3TOT nceBRomim ti
LITO OH 03HaLlaJI:
OTen moti 6b1Ji pa6oulim Ha KpMMCKOM iu OKa3bisaeTcH, OH mani
roBopiiTh ./HOLLAM npamy B /URLO, ripwiem rop6Kyio npaBny. MHorMe He
3HaJill ero (»mimi«, Ha3maasi npocTo "MaKcHmom ropradim". TaK K memy N npmera.na (Dammi14m "ropmaiti". A Tal( Kax tt MO$T )KH3Hb 6m.na Kyna KaK He cnanKon, A B35171 nces,r(omimom OTI.LOBCK0e HMA H (41amwrimpa. 9
11pmmegaTenbno, LITO nptimmioll OTKa3a rOpbK0r0 OT KpecTHoro
Hmemi H Hac.neficTBeHHoti cpamiumti 6buia HX "HeJ1HTepaTypHOCTb" (CM.
cmigeTe.nbcTso A. Kaino*Horo: «liceBzomim cede A.neKcelA MaKCHMOBW-I
npmnyma.n caNi. Bnoc.fleAcTBHH OH roBopiu MHe: "He nmcaTb *e mme B
JarrepaType — Ileancon"» 10). "Hemece.noe" AmTepaTypnoe HMB ElewKosa
Bb13billa.710 nogpa*aiiiisi cpepli micaTeneti rop6KoacKoro HanpaB.nemisi,
anoreem nonwislpHocTH ero Hmemi dbui 1932 r., Korja rOp0A, B KoTopom
OH pori.ncsi — HH*HHA HoBoropoil —15ran neperimeHoBaH B rOpbKHIA (cp.
c,ne.nannym no 3TOMy noBo,gy HpomimecKylo 3amicb K. tlyKoBcKoro 11
oKTHdps( 1932 r.:
7 H. <D. Macalioa. CnoBapb ncemomimos pycciaix mica -re/tett, rieHisix H o6u(e-
CTBEHHMX ,r(e.trre)leti. T. 1-4, M. 1956-1960.
8 K. nocToyreHKo. 06 OTAHOM ncemomime C. Il. Bo6posa (Map 110.713H).
9 B. 0. Apa6H,A3e. Fpy3ticKHe Apy*HHmixli N MaKCHM rOpbKHA. // M.
ropbxHn B BOCTIONINHBHHAX coripemeHmixos. T. 1, M. 1981, c. 224.
10 A. M. Kamo*Hbiti. CTaphin Apyr. // TaM *e, c. 47.
"Banemifp", od nmemf X.ne6ffincoaa 123
Beta c pyccxHmH rnicareiisimw oznioro 3oByr MHX. F0.110/AHMR, Apyroro BenHuti, Tpe-rbero IlpHd.ny,BHmti — BOT H Ha3mBati ropoila. 11
B zarepe CHMBOJJHCTOB HaH60.nee 3m61iemani4ecKkim, Harpy*eimbilm
mt4o.norii4ecKrimm aCCOLAHailimmu 661110 HM$l AH/Apesi Bejioro. HcTopHB nosumeHHH 3Tor0 nceamoimma xapaKTepHa 12/151 3noxH. JIHTepaTypHoe Hmsi AJ1A rnicaTensi npm,nyma.n M. C. Co.noBbea, cTaB 6.narogapst wromy ero "KpecTHum OTUOM B JuiTepaTypHom KpeiBeHHH". 12 no oLtHomy H3
CBH,11eTeI1bCTB no3Ta, M. C. COJIOBbeB B BbI60Pe ncemomima pyKoBoz-CTBOBaJIC51 "J1H111b COLleTaHHAMH 3ByKOB, a He anneropHAmH". 13 4pyroe caHneTenberBo nHcaTe.nst npEmo npoTHBono.no*Ho: nceBRoHmm npknue.n
H3 oduiero mkicTw-lecKoro onbrra c M. C. CO.TIOBbeBbIM — « y3HaliH51 anoKa-JIHEITHLIBCKHX nepe*HBaHml B CB51311 C "6eJlbIM" LjBeTOM»; Bb160p FICe1340 -
timma, TaKHM 06Pa30M, KaK TOLIHO HHTepnpeTHpyeT A. B. fiaBpoB, npe*,Be
acero 6b1JI yraep*AeHHem npHLiacTHocTH maemomy "npeo6pa*eHmo H
noma3aHHio Ha *H3HeTBop4ecKHR onbrr", BepHOCTH crimso.nw-iecKomy
"6e.noMy" Hamafiy. /1106onbrrHo, wro Hewro B 3TOM polle ruican Xne6HH-KOB: "6eJ1b1P1 HOCHT 6e.noro HaLlaJTO 6e.r1bmo". 14
Ho Bp.B,B J111 3Ta H3o11jpeHHasi CIIMB0.1111Ka dblJla oTKpbrra rnicaTeJno B
MOMeHT Bbi6opa AHTepaTypHoro HMeHH; cKopee, 0Ha ,C10MbICJIHBaJIaCb
3a,r4Hpim 4HCJiOM. flo3/Thee, B 1905 r., nepe*HBasi KpH3Hc, comHeBasicb B
COOTBeTCTBI1H CBOeMy BO3BbIllleHHOMy HmeHH-cy,gb6e, OH paCCKa3b1BaJI O
CBOHX nepe*HBaHHAX B TaKI1X onHoBpemeHHo IllYTJIHBbIX H 3Ha4m-
TeJ1bHbIX CTPOKaX:
yCyMH14.71CA BO BCeM, Liro CLINTaJI LkeHHOCTb10, ycymmurca B HcxyccrBe, B
cHmBo.rre, B Bore, B XpHcre B pe3y.iibTaTe: 3anpe3mpan a ce6e AH,apesT Banoro, 3aXOTeJ1 CTaTb AH,ripioxon KpacHopy6axmlbrm. Bit cripa- mHBaere meHB o "CHmOomim". HeT, He nLIBy. CnpocHTe nouemy? Eti Her mecra me*,ay gaymall0J10BHHaMH Moero CO3HaHHA: Ampfoxa KpacHuR 14
6aTioina A.noH3arupaHize.nartaTpeo6pa*eucico (m.neH 6y,Bymero oftecrBa namwm BJi. COJIOBbeBa) ripe3upakyr CH 14 3aHATHA". 15
11 K. tlyxoscxliti. pHeBHHK. 1930-1969. M.1994, c. 71. 12 Aliapen Be.n ► q. MarepHa.n x 6Horpagmw.. (uHr. no A. B..naapoa. AHApen
Be.rthrti B 1900-e ronm. M. 1995, c. 69).
13 Ampeti Beni:A. Ha py6e*e Asyx cro.nenin. M. 1989, c. 452. 14 Psixornacb H3 FOC. my3eB B. B. masixoacKoro unir no KH. P. B. ,ElyraHos.
Benpibmp X.ne6HBKoB. rIpmpoAa TsoptiecTsa. M. 1990, c. 107).
15 BHCbM0 A. Be loro K 11. clniopeHcxomy OT 14 aBryera 1905 r. // KOHTeKCT
1991, M. 1991, c. 40, 41.
124
A Hppea 111mitiKkin
"Hnea.T113H0e" HM51 AH,gpesi Benoro, KaK Bri,gmm, mor.no paculermTbcst Ha
peBoinomoHHo-RemoKpaTHLIecKoro "AHqpioxy KpacHoro" ci ero awraro-
Hmera H ABohlimica - "AeBoro" casgeHHHKa-mogepHmera ("Allons enfants de
la Patrie" "Mapce.nbeut" runoc cTapsHHas cssuleHHstiecKas (DaM11/11151
Ilpeo6pa)KeHcKs(1, BHyTpeHHAS1 (1:10pMa KoTopo(i cssuaHa C pe.nmrsomoA
HAeeri flpeo6pa)KeHssi, B pyccKom csmso.nmme nytiastueti KaK Teyprss).
flpsmetiaTe.nbHo, LITO 3. MeTTHep, ellje He 3HaKOMb1Fi C aBTOpOM "Cmm-
tDoHsfi", 3a,ria.ncsi sonpocom o6 smeHm-cyAb6e "AHApeil Be.nbur KaK 3are-
TskiecKoli H odigecTBeHHofi ailbTepHaTmae mmeHm -cypb6e M. FopbKoro:
"AHApen Bentati — KOHe14H0, ncesAoHmm. AHnpeA — no -rpenecKs: my-
*ecTseHHbiti, xpa6pbt2, OTBa*Hb12. HTaK, cmeil H 6e.n, coeAmHeHme Aep3-
HOBeH1151 CO cnoKoAcTmem, nyxa paTHoro H 6JlarOLIaTHOr0. MMA — o6e-
utaioutee CBeTlIblA no/mem 113 mpatnibm HH3HH, Har.noro 6ocsu,Koro ttap-
CTBa, ijaHHHKOM Koero npuHy,nm.n CTaTb pyccKoe o6pamsaHHoe odine-
CTBO OAHH omeHb 6o.nbwoil H ropbKHR TaJlaHT" 1 6 ("olieHb 6o.nbwori", TO
eCTb JIaTHHCK0e "Maximus", n.rnoc "ropbKsil TallaHT" = MaKCHM r0PbKHA).
T. e. MeTTHep skule.n B mmeHs-cyjab6e A. Benoro a.nbTepHaTssy — B
ruiaHe KaK 3CTeTH4eCKOM, TaK H o6utecTseHHom — vimeHm-cy,ob6e M.
ropbKoro.
HHTepnpeTattseri TsopmecTsa H cy4b6b1 A. Benoro 4epe3 smsi noyra,
a TaloKe HanaHse H o6pa3bl ero nepao noyrkmecKo‘l KHHrH co6spa.ncs
3aHATbCA ch.nopeHcKsA. B OfIHOM 113 Ha6pOCKOB J:1.11.51 peuerimm 1904 r.
Ha "30J10TO B .nanps" 3TO TOJIKOBaHHe npe.ocTas.neHo B imoe c.nenyioutegi
(DOPMyJIbl:
)KeJITO-30.110TOR (.4y*cxot1)+ ro.ny6o-na3ypHbdi (KeHcKHR) - 6e.nbin (cmH-
-rea). CM. "BompaT" H "Ilpe,naHbe"
1...1 30JIOTO — XpHCTOC
lia3ypb — Cociist. 17
14ccieRosaHme smeHs-cyAb6bi AHnpes Benoro 6b1no Ansi cb.nopeH-
cKoro oitHoil 113 sex Ha nyTs K CO3,t1aHHIO o6oulaiouleA KH11rH 06 mmeHax,
OHa nsca.nacb HM, B cywHocTs, I1014TH SCIO )KH3Hb, K TOJIKOBaHHIO umeH OH
Bo3spautancs ktaxe B nscbmax K cembe H3 Co.nosettKoro .nareps. 04sH 113
nepsbix ee sapmawros, aaKoHmeHHbai B 1907 r., Hamaa.ncsi "CssiuteHHoe
nepemmeHosaHse", noc.neAHmti sapsaHT no4 HanaHsem "HmeHa" nsca.n-
16 Usi. . no A. B. naspos. AHApen BeJlbal B 1900-e roAb1 , e. 147.
17 "3o.noTo B .na3ypH" AHApesi Benoro. KplinimecKasi cTaTbst. // CB51In. nasen CoLH4Hemis1 a tieTmpex Tomax. T. 1, M. 1994, C. 697.
"Be.natilip". onimemi 107e6H1fxotu 125
CA B 1923-1926 rr. KHHra "CasaaeHHoe nepeHMeHoBaHHe" OCTa.7IaCb He-
ony6.11mKor3aHHoI1, HO O ee macarra6e MO*H0 cyArrrb no Ha3BaHHI0 lieKO -
TOpb1X "CBA3b HMeHH H ero HOCHTeJIA", "06m4akr, nporicwenume Ha
nomise npeAcTaaneHHA O rumeni HMeH", "fleperimeHoBaHme B 6paKe",
"fleperoAeHoaaHme B no6panimen3e", "flepektmeHoaaHme npm acTyrinetnirt
Ha ,tIOJDKHOCTb", "tleperimeHoaaHme npkt HOCBAIlleHHH B mmcTepHH",
"Kpeula.mbHoe nepem meHoaaHH e", "fleperimeHoaaHme nocmepTHoe"."
OJIHHM H3 LICTOLIHHKOB H Hmnynbcoe. Hjjei cimopeHcKoro o6 HMeHH
6m.rio TB0pLleCTBO B. HBaHOBa, TeopeTHLrecKHe Tpy.crbr H npaKTHKa
KoToporo B o6fracTH wroaorPopm HmenH CigyrinameFra.mbHoe 3Har-reHme
A.71 A 3710XH. 1 9 lipegnpmHsga ciroHeTwrecKHil pa36op rlyWKIIHCK0171 7103Mbl
"ljblraHbl" BALI. HBaHOB OTKpb1.71, 4TO 3ByKOBO41 psurr no3mbr nocTpoeH c
onopori Ha F.TlaCHMA y H, noLlpep*anHbal pHricrmamm, cooTaeTerayeT
Kmor-reeromy CJIOBy: "1.1mraHm wymHoro TOJIHOH no 6eccapa6HH Kotipor —
Hotlymyr" "cTapbti:r myx,rpomiblA myx", "ry.na" -"6.TrecHypa" - "Kary.na"
= "MapHy.rra". 2°KaK BHJIHM, 3Ta meTorrHKa rrocTaToimo 6.nkr3Ka K aHarpam-
maTHLrecKlim pa3pa6oTKam Cr. Jje Cocciopa, /Tenui H KoToporo HBaHOB
errywarr B )KeHeBe H C KOTOpb1M 6b1.11 3HaKOM. 21 KaK H Me Coccrop, BALI.
18 CM. arymen AHgpoHHK (Tpy6aHea). KHHra "HmeHa" Cammei--mica [Marra 41)no-
peHckoro. (Hc -ro4mikoaeg4ecim2 o63op) l Casng. Tlase.n cIntopeRcx142. HmeHa. M.
1993, C. 304-306.0 B11HMaHHH clmopeHcxoro K sHeumemy H rmy -rpeHHemy o6JiHxy
H cmmeny HMe1-1 y coapemeaamx emy ru4caTerien MOACHO cy,rp4Tb XOTA 6bI rio
cgegyiomemy ero Hadinogemoo: "143BeCTHbIe OTTeHKH 14H/2114BH,/ayaAbHOCTH Bb1-
pwkatoTest 14 tpopmwrapyroTca pa3./I 11 1-1Hb1MH OCO6eHHOCTAMH B COLleTaHHH HmeH.
[...1 Po3aHoa — BacHAHH BacHnbeaHH, Ho — BAHec.rtaa HBaHOB H MaxcHmHAHaFt
80,7101DHH, 7TpocTo rio HmeHam, H Ha $131,1K He 11,12eT OTtleCTBO, Kak Ha Mb1C.71b —
ripegcTaafieHme, wro y HHX 6b1.11H OTIAM, XOTA ma -repH, maTepHHcioig MOMeHT B
1111X Hyac -rayeTcsi aecbma *14B0" I/ chnopeacKati. Hmerra. M. 1993, e. 98.
19 flpe*ge acero HaaHoacime pa6o -rm o gmollmcm3me, Hcc.negyroupie mmpono-
rmHecKHR 543b1K aHTHAHOCTH.
20 Cm. Tpe -rmo rriaaxy CTaTbH O "LjblraHaX" Ilyunoma // B. H. HBaHOB, Co6p.
com., T. IV, Bpioccenb 1987, c. 300-302 H 744-755 (ripmmeg.) — 4a.nee CCMAKI4 Ha 3TO H3gaHHe ripl4BOAATCA B TeKCTe. CTaTbA r1HCa.TIaCb aecHoti N AeTOM 1907 r. -
r1I4CbM0 BAM. 14BaHOBa K B. Bprocoay OT 1 H1OHA 1907 r. // IIHTepaTypHoe Ha-
C.IleACTBO, T. 85, M. 1976, e. 498 H 6bina ony15.nmxosaHa a 1908 r.
21 BRII. HaaHos riogapH.rt ge Cocciopy ioniry CBOHX CTIIXOB cHa6,zraa ee pap-
CTBeHHOR HaAITHCb10, Ha,/j0 gymaTb, "Kopmr-tHe 3Be3,r1bI" 14/114 "flp03pa4HOCTb".
BparogapH 3a ee nplichinky, ge Cocciop 3ametiari: "Il renouvelle pour moi bien vivement le regret que j'ai toujours éprouvé de ne pas posseder votre belle langue russe, que j'admire de loin en grammairien, mais hélas sans en pénétrer autremcnt le
126
Amperi
HBaHOB He ToponHficsi ny6.rni4Ho BbICKa3bIBaTb CBOI4X ,noramoK N ,ne-
moHcTimposa.n 51X 60nbwe 4epe3 no/A60p npHmepoa, HO BnanHe "COCCIO-
poBCKoe" 3a.K.r1o4eHme, K KoTopomy npriwan CD.TIOpeHCKH171, 1411Ta51 HBaH0B-
cKylo pa6oTy — 4TO HMAMapHy.nbi "ecTb 3ByKOBaSI maTepHsi, H3 KOT0p0171
ociaopm.r(HBaeTcH BCS1 nO3Ma" — 6m.no noLtroTomeHo camori cTaTbefi.
Illodonbrmo, 4TO B TOM *e 1907 r. HBaHOB ony6.1n4KoBa.n no3Tw4ecKuri
1.111K.T1 "3o.noTble 3aBechi" (a.nbmaHax "IlBeTHHK Op"), rAe aHarpammktpo-
BaJI0Cb HMA "MaprapilTa" — TO ecTb MaprappiTbi Ca6aufflliKoBoA, KO -
TOPOA 1114K.11 BOCBALIABH.n
B514. MBaHOB 04eHb BHHMaTeJlbH0 OTHOCHJICH K BHewHeN CPOpMe
..nuTepaTypHoro HmeHH, KoTopoe Ha3b1Ba.11 Ha (Dparnly3cKWA .naB "nom de
guerre". 22 man 1904 r. OH coo6u1a.n nemaHTHL(Homy C. BeHrepoBy: "mori AHTepaTypHbnl nom de guerre: Bsimec.nals I4BaHOB (no.nHbim HMeHeM), H./111
XOTb BRE". I4BaHOB (r,ge Hellb351naTb no.nHoro HMeHH)".23 B aBrycTe Toro
*e 1904 r. OH HaCTaBASIJI BOJI0WHHa: "1104eMy BbI B351J1F1 TO/112K0 CBOHM
nom de guerre "MaKc BanowHH"? 3T0 KaKoe-To eBponeH3HpoBaHme. MaK-
CHMHJII4aH — 3TO Taxoe 3By4nme Hmn".24 flepe,n .nHTepaTypHbim RedioTom
B POCCF1H ci:5°eri *eHm IIH/AHH 3F1HOBbeBOrl OH coo6u.tan BplocoBy: ")KeHa
npocHT 113BeCTIlTb Bac, 4TO CBOHM AHTepaTypHum "nom de guerre" 1436H-
paeT: "Il. 3HHoBbeBa-AHHH6a.n". raHHH6a.nbi — ee npenKH C maTepHH-
cKoil CTOPOHbl".25 Floc.riemHee "nom de guerre" 6m.no y*e nceBnorimom:
Hac.rie/AcTBeHHoe 11MA 1-111CaTeJlbH11Ltbl 6m.no "3HHoBbeBa", no,w4epKHyro
apxaH3HpOBaHHoe Hmn "AHHH6a.n" (HopMof gitsi Hairana XX BeKa 6m.n0,
mystère" (Ziffer G. Il poeta e il grammatico. Un biglietto inedito di Ferdinand de Saus-sure fra le carte di VjaUslav Ivanov, "Russica Romana" I, 1994, p. 189-191). Ec.rni nbrramcst npegcraawrb cede paBroaop o6 aHarpammax Ae Cocctopa H B. Nsa-
HOBa, TO MO)KHO ripe,rino.no*Hrb, 4TO ero -remoti mor 6bITb Bonpoc O COOTHOLUB-
H1111 aHarpammm, ciimBo.na N c.noaa, Bonpoc, koToporo À(eHeBCXHI .TniHr-
BHCT xacaitcB, B 4aCTHOCT11, B 3arIHcH O "IlecHe FIHde.nyHroa" — CM. Starobinski J. Les mots sous les mots. Les anagrammes de Ferdinand de Saussure. Paris 1971, p. 15-16 H Hirrepriperamto Crap06HricKor0 Ha C. 17.
22 CM. npe*ge acero yace icnaccwqecxylo CraTb10 H. H. Tonopoaa "K Hcc.neAo-aaHmo aHarpammarwiecioix crpyrryp (aHa.nrinn" // licc.neBoaamist rio cTpyx-Type TexcTos, M. 1987, c. 221-225 .
23 E*erox-ix pyxonricHoro orztena IlyuncHHcxoro noma Ha 1990 r., Cfld. 1993, c. 77.
24 M. BO.TIOIM1H. HcTopnn moen Ayuna. 3anHcb or 10 aarycra 1904 r. // M. Bo-.71011114H . ABTo6norpaoH4eekan npo3a, M. 1991, c. 203.
25 11HreparypHoe Hac.neAcrao. T. 85, M. 1976, c. 445.
"BeRehoip": o6 ;mem' Xne6mixoRa 127
KaK ccuvreTe.nbeTtlyeT H eamo 11HCbM0 K Bprocomy — "FaHHa6a.n") mor.no
BBOLIHTb cnectli(tamecKae JarrepaTypHbre aCCOLAHaLIHH flyWKHHCK0171
3noxa. 26
He meHee CYl1jeCTBeHHb1M MAR B334. HBaHOBa 61,1)10 Bonpoe O BH yrpeH-
HeA cpopme ameHa, O ameati-ey4tb6e. "BOT maTb MOA, monperca mo.ne °Tua
moero, nana mHe HMS3 13514eCAaB (6b1Aa oHa enamstHoca.rna) — H BOT 3TO
onpe,uaria.no B 31-1a4HTeAbH0171 eTeneHa Bele M010 *H3Hb", — romopkut OH B
1921 r. AnbThotaHy. 27 B 1906 r. Hp0H30111/10 AOCTaTO4HO He06b14H0e CTOA-
KHOBeHHe Me*Ay BALI. HBaHOBbIM H che otropom Co.nory6om moKpyr
TOAKOBaHH51 HX .naTepaTypHbrx ameH. Co.nory6 HOCAaA HBaH0By CTH -
xoTHopemie, npeperaa.naroutee co6ok" pa3.namHbre Bo3Mo)KHble pa3ranKa
NMBHN "Bamec.nam": "Bautati? Betulla? / npOCAaBASHOUU4H. AH merita? / Beme
H.T1b meHeLt? / CAaBa? CAOBO HAH CAaTb? / KaK MHe 3HaKH pa3ra,uaTb?" 28
"Hrpa B 3ara,uKa, 3a KoTopoa TaHTCSI He4TO, r.ny6oKo H M nepewolmaemoe",
— 3anaca.11 Bam. HBaHOB B ,/lHeBHHKe OT 2 HIOHA 1906 r. (Il, c. 745)
oTmexia.ri cTaxormopeHaem "OeLlopy Co.nory6y HCTOAKOBaHHH: Bo*a-
■rlapy, HapeiallemycA Conac(ery6aTe.nem)". 29 TO eCTS, no xyrrpoymaori
no3Ta4ecKoa arpe Bsam. HmaHoma, ncemoHam "Canory6" — amarpam-
MaT1114eCKH "CO.T1HclerYBilTe.nb", 4TO TO4H0 COOTHOCHAOCb C Temoa
mpaxcpbr C co.nmtem B ero TBOp4ecTBe — oaHama.n oTpa ctaHme, oTpemeHme
OT KpecTmoro ameHa "cl)e,uop" — "Bo)Ka Rap"no-rpemecKa
Cpena HBaHOBCKHX eTaxoTaopeHaa, KoTopbre noeTpoeubi Ha Tonico-
maHaa armeH, npamemaTenbao nocamuleHiloe cPeTy: ero TeHb npammAanaeb
no3Ty B CHOBH,LleHbIH, "H 6y,,riTO HM.91 AlPaHaelifi / 1 ripokt3Hee; a cTapeu
mHe / C y.nb16Koil Taxot/: "AHaCTaCHrl" — /H TemeH 6bur HameK BO CHe" —
26 Etc OAHH cylitecTmeHHbla 3.1TeMeHT BHeruHell titopmm HBaHOBCK0r0 HMeHH —
yLtapeHme To.nbico Ha npeunoc.neurtem, a He Ha nowleuHem enore. B 3T0a CB513H
omeHb noKa3aTeneH paccKa3 HenpemeHHoro ymacTrunca "cpeu" Ha "45awHe" no3Ta
B. limcTa o6 orShicxe, y4R4HeHHom TaM no.nPmeRckHmH a zlexa6pe 1905 r. Pyicoao-
AmaluHfl no3ncieticxo2 onepaumea 4HHOBH14X "Haamaa.n xoasuma ynopHo "Bsitte-
c.naa HaaHoa", — c y,napeHmem Ha noc.negHem cuore. CHX nop Hmicomy a ro-
JI0By He npmxoum.no TaKoe ripom3HoureHme. mue myumTcm B 3TOM [...] Haponwroe
m3uesaTerrbc -rmo" — B. 11ACT. BcTpentr. M. 1929, c. 97.
27 M. C. AJIbTMaH. Pa3r0B0pb1 C B51 14. HBaHOBbIM, C116. 1995, c. 77. 28 ol,euop Co.nory6. CnixoTsopeHmst..11. 1978, c. 331-332.
29 CnixonlopeHme ripm.no*eHo K nmcbmy B. H. liBaHOBa <I>euopy Co.nory6y
Hama.na HIOH$1 1906 r. — B. HaaHon. Ilmcbma Co.nory6y m A. H. 14e6orapeacKo8 .
Tly6.n. A. Jlampoila. // E>KerouHmK pyxonHcHoro oTne.na IlyuncmHcicoro uoma Ha
1974 ron..TI. 1976. c. 141-142.
128
AHppeR IJHWKHH
AtizoaHacHA no-rpemeCKII — "deccmepTHbIA", "AHacTactiA" — "BOCKpe-
calow,Hri". Pa3ranKa cneAyeT B cnegykomem 3aKJ1104 LITeAbHOM 4e-rBepo -
CTHWHH:
Ho SIBeH CTail MHe 3HaK my,aecnbal,
E,asa ottam oTxpaulaca $IBb;
H Ayx cxa3a.n:"Llynta,Bocc.naab
rIpoatemAx nym nokon socxpecnbiA" (TeHb 4eTa, 1917 — III, c. 525).
He meHee 3ame4aTenbHo cnixoTHopeHme "Victori manu Elohim", B
1923 r. nocHsnneHHoe 6aKHFICKOMy CTyfjeHTy Haarloaa, a BrIOCIleACTB1111
(1)11/10.1101-y 14 no3Ty BlIKTOpy MaHyHnoHy. Caino CTHXOTBOPeHlle 14 ero
Ha3aaHme SIB.115110TC5Ipa3ranKofi HmeHH H cy,nb6at aApecaTa.
Ilepsoe CJIOBO "VICOTI" – JlaTHHCK0e "nodeLcHTenb" B AaTrise. Pyccxast
(DaM11-T14.54 "MaFtyknoe" 3THmo.norm4ecKH BOCX0JaHT K NMeHN "MaFtywn"
14,1114, B HOJIHOA (Dopme, "HmmaHymn", cooTHeTcTHymuemy ApeHHeespeil-
cKomy "im-manu-el", trro o3HaqaeT dyKsanbHo "c-Hamm-Bor". At(pyroe Hmsi
Bora B BeTXOM 3aBeTe — "Elohim", TaKIIM O6pa3OM "Matlytl.noa" = "irn —
—manu —el" "manu Elohim". TOHKOCTb C.TIOBeCH011 Arpa! COCTOSITIO ewe B
TOM, LITO HTopoe CJIOBO 3arnaHHH morno 6blTb npoLiTeHo no-IlaTI4HCKH,
Torna 3TO "pyKa" B adnaTHHe, a Hce 3arnaHHe — LIHTaTbCS1 KaK veThipex-
CTOIlliblgi 51M6, 1.10,106H0 BCeMY HanHcaHHomy veTbipexcTonHbim Hm6om
enixoTHopeH1410. 3aK.11104HTe.TIbH0e meTHepocTHwHe ero — npeAcKa3aHme
dygyuiHA cynb6m Toro, KTO C0eAHHH.TI B cede oda HmeHH, a ero no-
ClleAliS151 cTpoKa — Tot-iHbnA nepeHoLl 3arnaHHE Ha pyccKAA si3mk. 3°
Bta onpaagaeTe, peamiTe.rib,
H cosonpocnok crpormx My3,
payx 3ByKOB mmemt C0103,
Pyxoio Bo*beti nodenprrenb (IV, c. 90).
B TOM *e 1923 rony 83;14. HBali0B HOCBATIIJI COHeT-aKPOCTHX ppy-
romy caoemy cTy,neFry 14 "cosonpocHmKy" Mokiceto A.TIbTMaHy (CM. IV, C.
88). AKpOCTHWHbIM C.TIOBOM COHeTa 661.11 H pHa HmeHH, gaHHbie AnbTmaHy
npm po*LteHHH — 3n41 -Moktue (TO ecTb HANSI H MoHceA), a TMO coHeTa
db1.110 TOJIKOBaHlie 3THX IIMeH H ero BO3MO*HOR Cy1b6b1, TOJIKOBaHlle Ha
3TOT pa3 sHyTpeuHe oHeHb nonemH4Hoe, — pe'm aina, KaK Hy*H0 Jay-
30 Heoconbxo Hxyto miTepnpeTaumo ne.naeT H. B. KoTpenea — CM. BecTmix
Y/DAypTcTXOTO yntaBepcHTeTa. CTIeuma.nbHbIn BbITIyex, nOCBAatenHbln EJleHe
AJTeXCaHJapOBHe MI4J1J1140p. H*0BCK 1995, C. 47.
"Beizemiip": o6 Hmemf Xfie6mixou 129
MaTb, O KyAbTypHo-pepmrmo3Ho11 opmeuTaLimm mano/2°r° AllbTMalia.
TaKHM o6pa3om, KapKacom coHera 6bula BlieW11515I epopma mmeH (aKpo-
cTmx), a ero coLiep*aHmem — NX mwrepnpeTaumm.
3amemaTenbuo, LITO HMeHHO A.TIbTMaHy 6b1J10 Cy*AeHO flp0,40./1*HTb
mHorme H3 m/20 ymmTenm. TanKomaHme mmeH B AmTepaType — no*a.nyfi,
rimeHam Tema Hay4H0F1 eSITeAbHOCTH M. AJIbTMaHa, 11a411Ha51 OT ero
CTaTbil Hal-lana 1920-x rr. "OHomacTmKa B1-1033H11 13514. 11BaHOBa" /20 LIHC-
cepTawm O cemaHTHKe CO6CTBelifiblX ',mem y romepa H umKna cTaTeil
KOHIXa 1950-Ha4ana 1980 rr. 31 OcoUth HHTepec HCTOpHH pyccKo
ymeHoà" OHOMaCT11101 mo*eT npencTammTb mccnegoBaHme M. A.ribTmaHa
"Ilepe*mTKm p0/logoro cTpom B CO6CTBeHHMX mmeilax y romepa"
1936), ee cneumcNiKa COCTOHT B TOM, LITO aBTop HHTepnpeTmpyeT TaKHe
3nm4ecKme (110pMy.11bHble 3J1eMeHTbI, KoTopme npku3m3aHm K KOHKpeTHIAM
CO6CTBeHHbIM mmeHam (o6b14H0 3nw4ecKme opmyptd 6e3pa3Am4nib1 K Ko-
HKpeTHomy mmeum nepcoHa*a). 32
uetSbumila 6b1.71610 crauer,
KOJTI4 neBeu ee nomBner,
KOSIb ~Ben ymen Hape4b.
B144. FIBBHOB
2. KapTmHa Ham6anee 3Ha411TenbHMX rimTepaTypHux mmeH/ncemoHmmom
HaLlana XX Bela 61)1.11a 6b1 HeHOJIH05.1 6e3 mmeHm AHHbI AXMaTOB014. 3T0
HM51 LIOCTaTO4HO aHTHHOMIILIHO. KaK oTmeman M. MeApax, ApeeHeespeA-
cKoe "AHHa", no pyccKm "EnarortaTb" HJ1H "MHJ1OCTb" coeLimHeHa c o4e-
1311/4Hb1M TIOpKCKHM HMeHeM "AxmaTom<a>" —> "AxmaT" ; 0,LIHH 113 TaTap -
CKIIX XatiOB no mmeHm "AxmaT" npmxoRmn BOeBaTb pyccKyK) 3en4J110.
"TaTapcKoe, Apemygee / flpHULTIO 143 HmKy4a, /K .Tmo6o2 6ene fimnytiee, /
camo OHO 6e/la", — nmca.na o6 m36paHmom eK) mmeHm cabla AXMaTOBa. Ho
31 K coBcaneumio, 3T14 pa6OT131 He co6paHbr H 6146.7morpaq»D4ecKH He onucaftbr.
Yxwxy ripensapHTeAbHo Ha 113BeCTHIsle MHe padoThr: 1. HmeHa H ripOTOTHIMI n14-
eparypHmx repoes IL H. TOACTOr0. YHemsre 3B1711CKH Opfroacxoro roc. yHH-
Bepcine -ra, T. XV, 1959, C. 77-100; 2. 0 CO6CTBeHHMX HmeHax B npori3BeTleuusìx
Flyimcsnia. Yileubie 3am-felci FopbkoBckoro roc. yumsepcsiTera, BblR. 72, 1964, C.
377- 396 ; 3. Y IICTOKOB NMeH , B xH. Anb -rmaria, Y Ilbsa Toncroro. Tyna 1980, C. 8-
39; 4. £10CTOCBCK142. 110 sexam NMeH. Caparoa 1975, 280 C. 5. 0 co6c -rBettubix
stmeuax B npost3impestusix roro,nsi. // Finitis duodecim lustris. Tanntiu 1982, C.
106-109.
32 r. .11eBHHT0H, yCTHOe coodumume.
130
Anapeti Illcfunoin
RASI AXMaTOBOA 1".11aBHIA CMbICJI BNJjeJiCA B ee KpecTHom mmeHm;
aBeAeHHoe B ee F10331110 y*e B 1913 r. H noLiBepraemoe mHoroKpaTHomy
moTHBmpoBaHwo, OHO CTaJI0 KJ11014eBbIM B onlicaHmu OCHOBHbIX Bex ee
*H3HH. 33 Rodaskim, 14TO cemaHTHKa mmeHm-cyjabdm "AHHa" mor.na ccpop-
Ntlip0BaTbCF1 110,4 B03,aelACTIMIeM doraToll nporloBeAHNLIecKoA H oizi-
4eCK0171 TPaRIILLHH B LkapcTBoBaHme AHHbl lloaHosHm, Kor,r4a npono-
BeAHHKH H 1103TbI ynpa*HAJIHCb B 6JlarOkleCTHBO -KOMIIIIHMeHTapHOA
'arpe Ha 3Ha4eHmk1 mmeHm AHHa — "5.naroilaTb", "MHJIOCTb".
Ka*,/111,1171 cpyTypmer CHJIHJ1CR HaSITH cede CHIlbH0e 14J114 110 KpaAHell
mepe 3KCTPaBaraHTHOe HMR — dyjab TO BaCHAHCK 1-HemoB, KOHCTaHTHH
OJIHMI70B NJiM rpaaftb-ApenbcKpul . HO CaMbIM 3Ha411TeJlbHbIM mmeHem y
l ► yTypHcToB cTa.no HMR Be./MMHpa XJ1e6HHKOBa. KaK Mbl yBKAHm HH)Ke,
m3dpaHHoe 1103TOM HMR cTano 3epHOM He TOJIbK0 ero "J1144110r0 mmta",
HO H "OCHOBH0rOmmDa"6yEleTRAH.
KaK H nomemy CTaJI HCKaTb cede XJ1e6H11KOB HOBOe HMSO no 3TOMy
11080,Ely HenaBHO Ofly6.7111K0BaHbl HHTepecHbie flOKyMeHTbl H3 apxur3a
Ka3aHCK01-0 yHHaepcmTeTa, nrie B 1903-1908 r. y4N.rics3 XJ1e6HHKOB. "B
ripoToKane OT 29 OKTR6pR 1906 roga BMeCTO ktmeHm BHKTOp unmcaHo —
B.na,rimmpip B.T1a1IHMHpOBH4 X.ne6HuKOB, cTy,aeHT-HaTypappicT. naJlbWe *e,
HatmHasi c 1907 roga, B npoToKo.nax nmweTcst — BceBonoLi 13.71aAmmm-
posm4 XnedffliKOB, XOTR pelm mmeT Bce O TOM *e BmKTope". 34
HTaK, B 1906-1907 r. XJ1e6HHKOB nyMaJI OTKa3aTbCR OT cBoero umeHm
H HaRTH cede HoBoe. rlokicKm HoBoro HmeHm Xnedr4KoBa coBnaAanm c
ero HHTeHCHBHbIMH nepshimm 1103TH4eCKI1MH OrIbITaMH. 111-1131MH c.noBamm,
X.ne6HmKoB mcKa.n cede HoBoe AHTepaTypHoe NMA , com3mepsul ero
3sy4aHme, CMbICJI c Hac.nencTBeHHoR (Damkumeil. floc.nenHAR dbl.Tfa
mapKkipoBaHa, B Hegi CJIblWaJI0Cb yKa3aHme Ha ee npomcxo*-
AeHme: "x.nedimKoB" o3Haqa.no xne6HHKa", a 3T0, B coverai-n.1m c
KpeCTHIAM mmeHem "BriKTop", 3ByLla.110 nHCCOHaHCOM. 35 MO*H0
33 CM. 6oraryio aa*Hmmla HadnioneHHAmm 14 marepHa.nom CTaTb10 Metinaxa
1975.
34 10. C. 4ytikoa. Xne6HHicoa B Ka3aHH. "Boera" 1991 V 3, c. 172. ElpHHoiny
6naroilapHoc -rb P. PyraHoay, yKa3aamero mHe Ha 3TOT HCT04H14K.
35 J11060r1bITHO, 4TO B51 14. liBaHOB B pa3roaope C AJ1bTMaHOM 21 511-1Bapll 1921 r. ,
rosops3 O 3ay4aHHH JIaT141-1CKNX CJ1OB B pyCCKOM 513bIKe OTMeTHJ1, LITO 143MeFILIB
caoe nepaoHaHanbHoe HmHXne5Fufkoa nocTynkin npaaHnbHo. CM. M. C. Anb -rmaii.
Pa3roBopbl C BA4. 14BaHOBb1M, C. 33. B 3aT1HCH 3TOTO pa3roaopa AJIbTMaHOM, KaK
ripeAcTaanHercH, eCTb xamie-TO HeT014HOCTH.
"Benehofp": o6 HMeffil Xne6mfxoria 131
ITH Ae6ioTmpoBaTb B 4103311H C mmeHem "ABrycT Cb1p0M.FITHHKOB" HJ111
"Aspe.nmgt Ko.n6acbees"?!
lipmmet-laTe.nbHo eine 04HO 06CTOSITeJlbCTBO. B HMeHaX, "npmmepme-MMX" XJ1e45H11KOBbIM B 1906-1907 rr., ecTb HeLITO o6wee. flepBoe, LiTo 6pocaeTcH B rJla3a — HX CJIaBAHCK0e, a He mHocTpaHHoe nporicxo*- neHHe. 3ametiaTeAbHo, oRHaKo, HHoe. KopHeBble 3Ha4eHm m ot5omx mmeH —He B HCTOpl1KO -JIHHrBHCT114eCKOM, HO MI100- E103T114eCKOM cmrac.ne — mo-ryT roBopmTb, B Cyll.(HOCTI1, O no4T14 TCOKnecTBeHriori "B.naLimmmp", TO eCTb "B.na,BeA-mmpom" H "BCe- B0J10£1", TO eCTb "Bcem-Bo.none1r.
"13.na4H-mmp", BmecTe co "Bce-Banoflom" KaK 6b1 y*e npe,4Bocxm11jaeT
"Be.nm-mmpa", cymma 3Ha4eHmA o6oHx mmeH KaK 6b1 yxce ero coRep*HT: He nepBam Jim 3T0 nonbITKa X.ne6HmKoaa HdATH ce6e mmE-cynb6y?
HO 13 1906-1907 r. OH eine maleT cBoe AHTepaTypHoe 11M31, a Koraa B
oKTsi6pe 1908 r. ,EtedioTmpyeT B *ypHa.ne "BeCHa", TO nonnmcbmaeTcsi: "BHKTop Xne6H m KOB". BnepBble HMS1 "BenHmmp" AoKymeHTHpyeTcm B x.ne-61-111KOBCKII X TeKCTaX B nmcbme K BA4. HElaHOBy OT 10 1110FIA 1909 r. B BapmaHTax no3mbi X.ne6HmKoBa Toro *e 1909 r. "flepemo mHoll
onmcbma.nocb onHo 113 c06paHHH Ha HBaHOBCKOR "6awHe", o Hem camom roBopm.nocb: "Ero Be.nmvaloT Velimir'om" (IV, c.424). HM51
"BeAmmmp", TaK11M o6pa3om, BnepBbie 6bu10 npkimmTo cpeAm r103TOB HBa-HOBCKOrO Kpyra. 06 3TOM coo611ja.n caM XJ1e6H11KOB B 1111CbMe K cembe OT
30 ,BeKa6p1 1909 r.: "MeHig 3OByT 3,/}eCb .TI106eK H Befulmmp [..] 51 npHw.rno BaM B113HTHy10 KapTotiKy C BeAmmHpom BMCCTO 3agepKHyToro B11KTOpa"
(III, c. 289).
"Kmov" K 060mm 3THM mmeHam "Befulmmp" H "Tho6h4K/./11o6eK"(me)K,By npotmm, 110CJIW:(11HM mmeHem 110CTOSIHHO Ha3b1BaJ1 X.ne6HmKoBa M. Ky3-
MHH B CBOHX ,C(HeBHHKOBbIX 3amicsix 1909-1910 r.) — MO)KHO HaF1T11 B
CT11XOTBOpeHHH XJ1e6H11Koaa, HanliCaHHOM 41p116J1113HTeJlbH0 no.nyTopa roilamm paHbule, me nomHee BeCHbl 1908 r. l'IHb1MH c.noBamm, cywecTByeT TeKCT camoro XlIe6HHKOBa, KOTOpb12 4103130J1BeT cy,BmTb O BO3MO*HOM
CMbICJIe 06011X mmeH. 143BeCTHO TaK)Ke, KTO ,cio.n*eH 6121J1 6bITb nepBbtm 4mTaTe.nem 3TOr'O COLII1HCH1151 — 3T0 BALI. HBaHOB; cmixoTBopeHme B CO -
cTaBe Apyrmx 4103THLIeCKHX 011bITOB 6b1J10 410CllaHO m3Tpy neTep6ypr-CKOA "6awHm" 31 mapTa 1908 r. (aocnpom3BeneHme acero noc.naHmm X.ne6- HIIKOBa CM. B 111311J10)KeHHH). BOT 3T0 CTI1x0TBopeFule:
OXOTHHK CKplATHEJX Aonen, A B 60p 6hrTio BOILIBJI.
ri.neckaimcb Tat4 HO COJ1H, TOHyJ1 14 racmyn ,aan. N HaBliKOB ckaKaHbe B amecrwrmwax
ino6Hicos cmesmbe B rpycTpumwax 3ap1.
132
A kippett LLIHIIIKHH
5 H BeTOK Tpeneraftbe H Boa,ayxa cmennbe
TaM, rAe npOCK0.1163HyJIH *apmpa
H CBOHM OrtiliCTbIM CRI4CTOM
B03/WX 6hlBH 3ana.7111.
TOHyJ1 H racn yr' 40.11....
— H BeJ1AM BeAHMX Bonen Bech map — noKoptibal BOJI.
Hat-tanbHbte CTp0K11 BBOLLAT turraTemt B3araRotinrio H Tal4HCTBeHHy10
TeMy. BOFICK11 CMbICIla HeodbRtHoro CTI1XOTBOpeHHA ,a0./1*Hbl 6b1Tb Ha-
maTht 6YKBaJlbH0 C nepBoro CJ10Ba. KaK 1101 1 1lMaTb Cl10130 "OXOTHHK" —
3T0 TOT, KTO 3aHumaeTc33 OXOTOK "venator", 14/111 TOT, KTO HmeeT npm-
cTpacTme K 4eMy-J11160, "ittodkre.mb"? KOHTeKCT gayx CTIIXOB
o6pa3om cogep*HT oda 3Hagetuipt: OXOTHHK BX0,(114T B 60p 6b1TH41
(ripstmoe 3HameHme), HO OH *e — OXOTHHK "CKpb1THbIX go.nefi" (nepeHO-
cHoe 3HatieHme). BmecTe C Tem "CKpbITHb1H" 11.7114 "CKplATIAll" no-rpettecKH
— "KplrrTòa"; Bmpa*enkte "cKpbtTast A05131", nepeBeiteHHoe Ha rpe4e-
C101171, ROCJ1OBHO oKa3biaaeTcH "KptinTomepiteir (cp. "H3 neca KpkinTome-
pHA / BCTaeT Komn.rnimeHTapHA"- anHrpamma 1906 r. c. Conoryda Ha
B3314. 14BaHoBa36) - He yKa361BaeTcs3 J1 H LitiTaTento - tteHH -remo CJI0BeCHbIX
3aranoK, L1TO 3,4eCb mo)KeT 111311CyTCTB013aTb eute 1,1 TpeTbe 3HageHH33:
aBTOP CTIIXOTBOpeHHA – j110614TeJlb 3aMIACJI0BaTO FIPATaTb CMbICJI, j1 10611 -
TeJlb KplillTOrpamm?
B Llac CO.T1He4HOr0 3aKaTa OXOTHIIKy OTKpbIBaeTCA )KH3Hb "HaBHKOB"
— BOTAAHbIX cyatecTs H3 mktpa mepTBbix 03 ellaBAHCKOH mmcDoitormi "Hata-
KH" HJIH "maBKH"— pycanKH ; a "HaBb" Boo6ute — Bon.nomemic cmepTH). 37
FIX 11POTHB0110.110*HOCTb — ".11 10,5HK11" — cyutecTBa 3eMHoro MHpa, ripH-
LtacTHme K CTI4X11AM B03/25/Xa, cmexa, OrHA H HaKOHel.1,, 3poca, ARABI&
"Cmesittbe" J110611KOB 14 npkicyutek HM Boagyeniori CTHXHH (CTpOKa 4 H 5)
BeTtyT HaC K 3HameHHTomy "3aKJIAT1410 cmexont" 1908-1909 r., KoTopoe
XJ1e6HIIKOB, KeTaT11, kniTan Ha "daWHe" (CHHACTellbCTBO H. (DOH FroHTepa).
CMbICJIOBble aCCOWlaW1H HM@HH "IlioUx" B noamttecKom mmpe paHHero
X.Tte6HHKoBa Ka)I<yTCA nOCTaTOL1H0 onpeRenctinbintH H cyntecTBeHHhimm.
Tenepb o HmeHH "Befitimktp". Eciul B nepBbix rtByx cTpoKax "OxoTHH-
Ka" eCTb yKa3aHHe Ha "cKpbiToe" H "TakHoe", TO HaH6o.nee 3aranol-ibim B
CTHXOTBOpeHHH cneAyeT flPH3HaTb ero noc.rtemitoio cTpoKy o MHpe,
Ko -rophIA noKopeii BOJ1AM. rIpli *ejlaHHH 3,rjeCb MO)KHO HaNTH "ckpbiTHoe"
36 B. Ilac -r. BeTpei-i. M. 1929, c. 47.
37 CM. amtax.rionegmyeekati c.noaapb "C.rtaannegan macpcooran", M. 1995, c. 8, 253, 337.
"Benehoip". o6 Hmenkt X.ne6nclicoBa 133
HJ1H KplinTorpammnpoaannoe npncyTcTame KiiiogeBoro nmenu: "H BE.11nm
BEAnbix BOJ1EN BEcb MHP — noKopnbin Bo.TI" = "Befiemnp". Elp0H3B0.71bH0
JIM TaK0e comeTanme 3ByKOB H cmbic.na? ITTO 3T0 — CO3HaTeJlbH0e 111114
6eCCO3HaTeJlbHOe COTBOpeHHe nmenn-cynb6b1, 3epna "Ani-moro immtpa"
no3Ta?
Ha Bonpoc O TOM, CO3HaTellbH0 JIH aaTop cTpon.n 3Ty aHarpaMMy,
OTBeTHTb C yaepennocTbio Tpy,nno. 143BeCTHO, LITO anarpammbi 061314H0
HaX0,(21H-1111Cb H OCMI2IC.1151/111C6 CaMHM XlIe6HHKOBIAM B ero cTkixax 3anHHM
LIPICJI0M, 3T0 OTHOCHTCA K ero "Ky3ne4nixy" H "IlepeaepTino" ("Limi 313a1-1
Me4eM HaB3H11 1-1"). Boolnue, anarpammbi MO*H0 naATm B comimenmsix
X.nednkixosa Fialmnasi C Toro *e 1908 r.: "B.narocnoansiti HJIH POCH SIA,/
HO Tbl ocTaneinbcsi OnHa. – / 3aBeT mopcxoro ,r(Ha – / POCCHSI. ("Cne*ki-
momica", 1908 H "KypraH Cawroropa", 1908), "KY3MHH — aMH3YK",
"BsiLIECRAB — BcellEnoBELIECknA Bn.neTaeT CTpAx" ("flepeno MHOA aa-
pitncsa aap", 1909 - IV, c.198, 199), "Pyxy, ToaaPHLU BaCH.TIHR, no*aPH111
BeCeJIHR" (nncbmo K B. B. Kamenckomy 1910 r. — III, c. 291). 38 Eine onna
anarpamma "Be.rimmmp" naxonnTcsi, no MHeH1110 A. flaprinca, B cTmxoTao-
pennn "0,rinnoKkin' »mei:4W (1921), 39 ero conocTaimenne c "OXOTHI1KOM"
mcoKeT rIOKa3aTh nec.nyt-iannocTb KaK o6painennocTii acero TeKCTa K Bnm.
Haanoay, TaK H Bo3apainennsi i( Teme 6bixa:
14 6b11.11310 l'OJTOBy 51 CHAJI C morylmx MAC 14 KOCTH
H y cTeFtbi nocTaann. KaK BOHH 14CTHHIA A Eio noTpaca./Inan MHPom. 40
Onnaxo noica3aTe.abno, LITO caM X.riedpipixos naLinnaeT ynoTpedmiTb
HMA "Befrmmnp" 15opee, Liem ron cnyersi noc.ne Toro, KaK COLIHHHJI H OT-
npaskm Bsiq. Haanoay "OxoTnifica". Bo BCAKOM cpytme, eenn He non.ne-
MO1T comnenkno 43aKT, LITO nepsoe H3 ElpH3HaHHbIX 3a XJ1e6HHKOBUM ',men
— ".Tlio6nx" — HaXORHJI0Ch B noc.nankin, oTnpaa.nennbim MOJI0J21131M no3-
TOM B514.14BaH0By, TO 40CTaTOLIHO 04eBHJAHO, 4TO HMA "Befinmnp" no-
38 Cp. Taxxce mrposoe "Thl EBCKI4H, 51 X.ne6f-to8 ", — cppaaa, o6paineilHast X.ne-
61-111KOBIAM K EareHHIO Cnaccxomy. Kax KommenTapyeT H. fleptoBa, "D:temiti"
cooTHomiTcn, ckopee acero, c "ecTb", a "Xne6noPi" Ando c "xile6", Ando c "x.nedarb", Torna a nonTexcTe oxa3brsaiorca shipaxceEnin .n860 "ecTb x.ne6"
(x.ne6"), .7n860 "ecTb H rTHTb" ("x.ne6aTb") — CM. H. flepl4oaa. C.noaaph neo.riorn3moa Bernuoipa XAe6Hmkoria. "Wiener Slawistischer Almanach".
Sonderband 40. BeHa-Mocksa 1995, c. 27.
39 A . napFinc, yc -rnoe coo6wernie.
4°B. XJTe61114K0B. Taopefin. M. 1985, c.167.
134 AHApen Illiguriaitr
ABHJI0Cb B KaK0171 -TO MOMeHT nepecevemisi C HBaHOBCKHM KpyroM. CymecTseHHo ORHaKO, LITO He BHellIHAA, HO sHyTpeHHAsi ()opma stmeHm "Be.rimmlip" rAy6oKo moTriampoBaHa B TBOPMeCTBe X.ne6HmKosa. Mucpo- norema "r1O3T–BOJIA–Mrip (Bce.neHHasI)" B03F111KaeT B 1103TH4eCKHX 4)par- meHTax Xne6HmKoBa KaK pa3 c HaMaJla 1908 r. (a MO)KeT 6b1Tb, cute paHbwe), a 3aTeM BonnowaeTcsi Ha pa3HbIX ypOBHAX ero enoBecHoro no3Tw4ecKoro TBopmecTaa, KaK B ero Heo.normamax, TaK H B pa3Horo po-na mricDo-no3TH4ecKsix maHm(DecTax. Cnepsa paccmoTpmm nownimecKme OparmenTbt:
1,1 A , 3Hal0H 11X yINHbIX CHJI,
5po)Ky, Bo*y B HeM06MBHp,
11 mPip nocTi4r H mwp nacTmr, 11 OH 110 1.114.11 H OH HAMJI .
(113 CTHXOTBOPHOTO TIOCJ1aHHA K HBaHOBy OT 31. 3. 1908 - CM. npivio)Kenme)
nyma_nom BOAHAOM A mmp o3apPi.n
14 n.n.srcxolo BA3K010 *Pip oxpy*Pi.n (113 Trlopemis; 1906 -1908 r.- III, c. 383).
Mbillb. A; 511311 TIOABIlaCTHOA cor.nacnbim ripaa.mo xpyroBonom xpy*eTicom mensisr 14X (1908). 41
"ACNI)" BO sTopom (pparmeHTe — napaniirmaTrivecKasi meTupopa CJTOBa "mHp",42 KaK H B cneRytowem nprimepe "Mbltlb" meTatDopmvecKH co- oTHeceHo CO CJ1OBOM "61314b", TO eCTb "6bITb", "6b1THe"; npm 3TOM 3THMO -
Aoriv4ecKH ")KHp" BO3MO)KHO CBA3aHO C "*VITH"43 — "11/1ACK010 Nuip oKpriov(" TaKHM o6pa3om meTaitopwiecKH MO)KeT 03HaMaTb KaK
CK010 mhp oicppioin", TaK H "17.71ACK010 XCH3Hb oKpy*H.C. HAekt 3THX (Dparmewros BmpaweHm B c03nannom, no aceri BHAH-
MOCTII, chm-toBpemeHno C "OXOTHHKOM" CTHXOTBOPeHHH; 3T0 eArsa J111 He camasi 3aKoH4eHHasi y paHHero XnedusiKoaa no3Tw4ecKas1 neK.napaumst o flowre, n03Hafoulem BOJI10 MHpa N noBe ► eBaKnuero
41 UHT. 110 X. 5apan. B TsoptiecKoR .nadopaTopmi X.ne(Smixolaa: O "TeTparH 1908 r." // X. BapaH. no3THxa pyccxoti nuTepaTypm natia.na XX 3. M. 1993, c. 183 .
42 Meracimpu TaKoro poila oTxpbrrbi N onricanbr 5. YcneFrcxxm — CM. ero CTaTble "AnaTomr151 meTacpopm y Manne.nburrama" /1 1136p. Tpyribi. T. 2, M. 1994, c. 252 H Boo6ale c. 246-272.
43 Kpome Toro, NIIPOBarb o3Ha4aeT "*HTb pocKounio", a Tax)Ke "Hrparb". CM. M. cPacmep. 3THmanoni4ecksig c.noaapb pyccxoro 51314xa. M. 1986, T. 2, c. 56
"Beneholp" 0611Mellif X.11e6H111C013,1 135
H 51 campen B CSOIO campenb.
14 MHp XOTeJI B CBOIO XOTeJlb.
MHe nocnyamme CBHBaJ1HCb 3Be3/11,1B TI.flaBHMIR xpvice -rox.
campen B CB010 campenb, BMTIOJTHRA MHpa pok (Hamano 1908 r. - IV, c. 95)
Tenepb O COOTHOWeHHH emblema, 3ByKa H mkt(pa "BeJnimmpa" C C-T[0B° -
isopmeerBom X.He6HHKopia. HenaaHo BbIllle,E1WH1i enosapb XJ1e6HHKOBCKHX
He0J10FH3MOB44 1103BOJISIeT Ham C011OCTaBliTb 11M51 "BeJIHMHp" C psinom
H3O6peTeHHbIX 1103TOM CJIOB H HmeH CO6CTBeHHWX, B 60J1bWeil 11.1111
meHbwefi epe emy aHa)orm4HblX. BOT OHM:
MHp0.110B BCTMIlp mmporiaxapb
BypHmHp MHp0B14K MHpOrIlleb
MI4pHCTeJlb acemHp mmporaopeHme
BceneHommp mmpe.n nepaommpenbilpik
MHpone.n mHpHAHmti commp
llaAomHp45 mHpHHa commpen
A-MHp mmpon106HALza Tenommp
3TH He0J101- 113Mbl MOWHO ElpenCTaBHTb KaK p.a,g H HBapilaHTOB,
rpynruipytolamxc.R aolcpyr HeirrpanbHoro C.TIOBa "BeJII1MHp". Oco6eHHo
HHTepecHbi nepabre Tpri HMeHH CO6CTBeHHble, B HHX TpygHo He yaHgeTb
KOpHeBbIX H cemawrkitiecKmx CHHOHHMOB HMeHH "BeJuimkip". B
nepaoe 10451 moiKeT 61,1Tb npe4c -raaneHo KaK nepeaepTeHb nwrepa-
TypHoro HMeHH XJIe6HHKOBa: "MHp"+".Tioa" = Milp0J1013; nepecTaama
"MHp" Ha KoHeu H nepemeima mecTamm .n M B, nanytmem "Ben" ("Bon"
06b14H0 LiepenyeTesi e"Be.n") + "MHp" = "BenkimHp".
B Hamem crnicKe X.T1e6HIIKOBCKIIX ',men o6benHHeHb1 HmeHa C OCHO -
BOB Ha "MHpb" H p-b".46 nPOTHB 3T0F0 MO*H0 BO3pa3HTb. Bo nepablx,
caM X.ne6HHKoa noemenoaa -renbHo nHca.n cane Hms1 4epe3 i — "BefiHmip -b".
Bo BTOpbIX, Ha Heo6xo,ammoc -rb pa3/11114eH1131 "MHpb", "pax" H "mipb",
44 H. nepuoaa. CJ10Bapb He011OrH3MOB BeJ1HMHpa XJ1e6HHKOBa. 1995.
45 O cooTHeceHHH HMeHH "Tragommp" H "BenHmHp" CM. nyraHos, c. 73.
46 B naHHom cnymae Mblc.neAyem aa ilepuoson, xo -ropaa B rHeanosom cnoaape
HeOROF143MOB X.ne6Hmkoaa pamensier cnoaa C OCHOBOB Ha "mivb" 14 Ha "mHvb",
HO ykaamaaer Ha mx 1303M0*HOCTb 14X 06benaHeFrast — H. Tlepuoaa. Cnoaaph
He0J101143MOB BeJIHMHpa XJ1e6H141(013a, C. 440-441
136 Angpeti LUHWKHH
"mundus" yKa3b113a.TI ewe MaKcmm rpeK, Cymapoicom H Kap*ammm 47 m no-
cnemisim no Bpemeffia B 3TOM psuly — A. ,E1. COKOJIOB, am -rop "Cnpamommori
KHHIll no LlepKOBHOC.TIaBAHCKOMy npamornicammio", 1907.
ORmaxo *e ma npaKTsixe "mmpb" mmorna cmewmmancm c "mipomb".
"CnamsnicxmA mmemocnom" 1867 r., Ko -rophai, no npeLmono*emsmo H. iiep -LIOBON XJ1e6HIIKOB 3HaJl, 48 ri -repnpeTkiposa.n "MHpb", "pax" m "Mipb",
"mundus" KaK OAHO CJIOBO H COOTHOCHJI ero Tax*e CO CJIOBOM " allaBa" .49
Apyrilm cepbe3HIAM aprymeHTom SIBJHReTC51 cabla x.ne6FlKOBCKafi
TIO3THKa, npmmumnmanbmo OTPH14.110WaSI OnHO3Ha4HOCTb cnoma. Bocnen-
H 11M aprymernom MOryT 6bITb Taxme mmema KaK "ByLimmup", "Eice.neHo-
mup", "Ilmompfp", "mmpoino6kifiLta", "Tenomm p", "51-mm p", "gc -nmm p", man m -
calmi:4e mepea "H", TO eCTb CO 3na4enmem OCHOBbI "noKoW', "pax". TaKmm
o6pa3Om, B oKpy*atommx x.ne6mmKOBCK0e HM3,1 meHax -pmapilawrax
"meptlaio -r" (cxa*em, 1-10J1b3yACb Tepmmmom camoro Benmmmpa) KaK "mmp-
noxoil", TaK H "mHp-Bce.nebiasi."
HaKOHell„ noonemipm c-ryneHb pa3BH -rmA mmen14-Cynb6b1 "BeJimmmp"
— napegeHme X.ne6HHKoBa lipeAceilaTe.nem 3emnoro wapa. X.1105HIIKOB H
ero eAmmombumnernimxm comanm "06weerno npeAcenaTeneh 3emHoro
wapa" HJIH "o6aLecTmo 317", Kyna, xpome cammx chrTypmcTom iaon*em 6bin
47 Cp. manp. ge41Hmiumio cnpasnamca Emommmm: nmmemoe tlpe3 m, rpe-
mem.' 'LpHHH; amamemyer JI10450Bb memmy 141181014, cornacie, TIOKOR OT apa>xrthi
acmxim, coejammemie. Mipb, nmulemoe 4pe3 i, rpemecxm Kocrpocr, 3mamemyionzee
xpaco -ry, mmmb, mapozb, cenemmyio, Mipb" // K. HIIKOJIbCKHR. marepplaim /VIA
mc -ropmm mcnpaanemmm 6orocny*e6mb1x xmmr. CE16. 1896. 0 Amepepemgmamm
"mmpb" — "Mipb", xonmelmumpoaammon B MOCKOBCKOM nepxoamocnassuicxom
.143bIKB, crieumanbmo CM. 5. A. YCTIeHC1042. FICTOpH51 pyccxoro nwreparypmoro
Anna (XI- XVII aa.). Budapest 1988, c. 263 m A.
48 H. flepuoaa. CJI011apb HeOJI0rH3MOB Benmmmpa x.nedioncoaa, c. 35
49 Cp."Mmp(b), Mip(b). B 3TOM cnoae mionomaercm nommTme O CrIOKOHCTBHH,
THIIIHHe (pax), nOTOM O mmomeecTae mapo,r(a, acenemmotl, B "-peri« O ymm*emmm (cp. c-mmpemme, c-mmpsn -b) ; Kpome 3THX Tpex 3mamemmM MHXJ10111H4 cnoay mgp eine me -raeproe 3mamemme cmaab: — K>tE0, H B 3TOM nocneAmem cmmcne OH
CtillTaBT CJIOBO mmp cosepinemo TO*,/:ABCTBeHHIAM CO CJIOBOM cfraBa...". CBSHIA. M.
M0p01BKHH. CJIBBAHCKHR HMeHOC)IOB 14)114 co6pamme CJIBBAHCKIIX JIHLIHMX mmem B
ancpaamTmom nopmAKe. Cn6. 1867, c. 73. B cure coon-toiliemmm "mmp" — "c.nama" cp. camommemoaamme "c.nasemb" . B CTHX. "*enamme-cmemmme..." (olio Taxmce 6wio
nocnama aBTOpOM Bmm. Maamosy — CM. Ilpmnomeemme); 3T0 TeMHOe H aaranommoe HO CMbICJIy crixo -raopemme TOB0pHT, xa*eTcm, o TaopmecTae H HOMHHBLZHH
sewePi ; MOTHBbl cmexa H Taoptireckoro 3poca nepex.nmixaloTcm C "OXOTHHKOM".
"Be.nemmp". o6 mmemi Xne6FuixoBa 137
BOATH r. Y3/1/1C — BHJHMO, KaK HaHdo.nee KpyrimAR "(pyrypo.nor" H
yTonmer cHoero BpemeHH, a Tatoice Bwi. HBaHoB H CIMOpeHCKHA. ° Hjjes
"npaBwre.nberaa 3emHoro wapa" — egBa J114 He IleHTpalibHblA MHIP
pyccioix 6yrieTAHH. 0,aHO H3 "lipe.n.no*emor rIpeAce.naTe.nn — "BHecTH HOBIlleCTBO B 3em.neB.nameHHe, npH3HaB, LITO n.nowanb 3em.neB.naReHHB, Haxonsiwerocn B eLIIIHOJIYILIHOM no.nb3oBaHHH, He mo*eT I5MTb MeHee
noBepxHocTH 3eMHoro wapa" (III, c.158) — mo*eT noxa3aTbc.H aM11.1111-
0HKaumeti HmeHH "BeinimHp" H.nri KaKHX-TO ero HHBapHawroB: "Bcefie-Hompip", "Mmpone.n", "51-miip", "BceMHp", "mmpoakix", "mkiponaxapb", "co-mup", "Te.nommp" . B 3Toil *e .nonixe MO*H0 POH5ITb, nomemy chespa.nb-cxylo peBOJI)01.1HIO OH Ha3bn3a.n Allem "oBe.nemmpeHmst 3emHoro wapa". 51 ECTeCTBeHHO, HTO "BeJnimHp" 143yHaeT 3axoHm BpemeHH H 3aK011b1 HCTO-
pHH; "OdwecTBo npeLlcenaTe.nek* 3emHoro wapa"
Ixax pyxal Beanfma, enoxo2Ho zzep*aniero y3,gy ocen.naHnoro poxa IMbIC.1114Te/151,CROKOP)H0 nep*amero BOAC*14 sceneFtHoti1.
Bo33BaHHe Flpe,riceztarenett 3emHoro1.11apa, 1917 — III, c. 163)
"IlpeAce,naTerib 3emHoro wapa" — Bbicwasi ToHica H 3aBepweHHe cyAbdbi "BeJnimmpa", Ha rpode ero dbl.TIO HanHcaHo: "IlepBbIA I -IpeAcenaTe.nb 3em-Horo Wapa BeJIHmHp X.ne6mixoa". 52
50 J.N. flerpoacKHH. floaecTb o X.ne6HHxoBe. M. 1926, c. 8-12.
51 PFAJIH (l). 527, on. 1,1)r 91, /I. 306 (UHT. no nyraHoB, c. 59).
52 B. X.ne6HHx0B. TBopeHmsr, C. 645.
138
AH,Lrpeti 111li LUKIf H
tIPMJIWKEHME
11o3TH4ecKoe noc.naHHe B. X.ne6HHKoaa K BALL HaaHoay or 31 mapTa 1908 r.
En.11 ACe.naHae — cmtatile ripmmaaoio CTaTb
[1) 11.71tHHAO — BHHHAO ,/:10BellplyK) para.
CMURAHCb — *e..TiaAH ,Etoaeupima parvi
YBH,atTb CBOH .1111Kb B OTpa*CHIH uHaue
11 ci um ace.rreFulbab oj:u-ra 3a ApyrOP,
BblX0/411.1111, BCXOTAHAH, OTX0,1:111/111 BbrIOKOA.
H CTp0H 3a crpoemb BCeAeHHbab TeKAH
BCt Bb TOMb AfeAaHbH—pbmaHbH
1,1 »cFnu.ken BpemptHeti C>KaTbIA HHBbt
OCTaBAAAH APH.Le HeXpaCHBIAMb
B OZ[HOPI H3b HIDeb paHame, litMb TOTb
Noirb Hacra.nb, KorAa c 111yMOMb H 6.necxomb
H 3BOHOMb H rpecKomb
pa3cb► anoca ace Ha KyCKH, cnaseHa, — A *HAb....
[2] CHtnnia y3b113Hb1A, 6t.Tibiti H ,/jAHHHMA,
rtpliontnaca Marb?
CHtrHMb y31,113Hbla, dtAbIll H AJIHHHbill,
Fjzt cxopoliwriaca Mara?
1.71. 1o6.] TaMb, rjlt *HAH capipHcrtnii,
131 rAt KatlaAHCb THXO
Ilpanert.na, yne -rh.mi,
Craa nenduch apemupeR.
1-"nt xalia.nmca THXO
mymt.rui 3BOHKO e.7114,
Ilpo.nert.m4, y.nert.nm
Craa .nericixb apempipetl.
Bb 15e3nopa,rixt AHKOMb TtHeA,
"Berrehafp". 061iMeHif XlIe6IIHICOBa 139
✓ qt KaKb M0p0Kb ripe*Hmxb gxeti,
3axpy*mnmcb c.na6o ctifia,
TlponeHtnH, yneTtnia
Crasi nerxsuch spemmpen.
Crasi nerxmxb spemmpeg!
TbI y3b1BNa H rlbsIHa!
• rIbT1H141111)KaKb erpyHm, BX0,g141116 Bb cepnue,
KaKb BOJIlia.
1.n.21 Htronm nermixb nymb
141 nonni Hanpaminm Kb nerxoMy catTy.
Btra.nm nerxocTst a myMb...
A He6binm Htry H HtTy...
B TymaHt rpe3o6u
BO3CTa.71H LiepTorm.
Bb Tymammixb TpeBorax
BO3CTa.71H rpe3orm
Bb rpe3oraxb gepToraxb nomonb 011b,
110 1114.7Ib y mepThi.
Bb coxoraxb megToraxb rtommnb OHb,
1101-1H.71b y metiTbr.
BonHo6a BOJIXBO6H0r0 impa,
3sexo6a. Htmo6Haro sipa
Tbi Ree ynanm.na, Tbr ace ymmnmna
O TanHasi cHna,
O xpoanast mapa!
[n.205.] Htromb 6t.11b1Xb J:(Hen,
[51 MOKOIBb na.7161114Xb mopea.
ilTstub crammbi Ha Kniosaxberipmmmanz.
140
A nppett Utfink-kr H
YHOCHACA CTaHb W6135,14[2,
Y.ne-ra.04 rAt-TO
Y.rie-ra.nm rAt-TO narni
[6] Bb sipo61; HtMOTM
Hrpa.rni H *ypmanm
AEMY3BOHK i A mewrbi
ACeragy*Fibisi nena_npi
[7] H qmpbsi upipxoab — no meny oaepa.
llo imeToray nen — meAcb 13/1aCbeBb TpOCTH111(013b.
Pani CTpeK030111b14.
— He6o rIOAHATb
H Ileprwr AC11 o6.naxoab
—Parvi CTpeX030BbA —
3bI6H BOJIHS1Tb.
— 03epo.
11106011b 6ABAHOCT11 yCTb...
[8]
J1io6oub Acapoum YCTb...
OBHBa/lb BtHXOMb HeBHHHOCTI1
TBOA craeprenbno 6.nt,nnbitl JHKb...
191
IlpaMeHb neamxxocTen mopa,
riparaer% zernioeTeti B.nach,
11.namenbritsiiHnocreti Baopa,
rimmel% 11010HHOCTOA TAa3b...
BOTb erpyrim...
Ha Ayrt BtAOKOCTHOP, 17010H131,
HaTAHyTbI, ApoAcaTb,
,Elpo*arb, emtio -resi 14 6t*a-rb
H A, alial0Hb HXb yMHblXb CH/112,
"Banemiip". onimemi X.ne6mixoRa 141
Bpottcy, BO)KY B Ht■ MO6b1 BHpb
Mipb 1TOCTHrb H Mipb Hac -nirb
14 OHb ITOLIH/lb 14 014 H361,1,11b.
3o6 A—J11060,4b >xemtly*HocTeti cmtxa
[101 31—.mo6omb neyHHocTeti rptxa
Cmtxti—rptxti—Bce moe!
Cnagokb rptxb mlit—cnagxo gHo!
06.na1kum nnbuni H pbrganti
Hai BbICOKHMH gansimm ganeti
06.nalGiti ctifil 'Giganti
Hagb neHanbtimmti num« ganen
06J1a/O4H51 CtHH p01151.1TH
Ha,gb nemanbHbRiti ga/1511,414 Ra.71e2
— 06.11aKHHH HAMAR 14 pbutanti
Ha, Bb1C0104MH gansrmti ganen.
[1 2] B 30.110Tt 6opoHa Bettepa B0p0Hb JleTtlib
14 sonogm ronoga meueaa gony catipt.nb.
11 noni,' arnimanti H *era,' *enanti
14 KMeTb1 CTOHaJ1H 14 10Hbl CMt51./114Cb.
[.n. 4] OXOTHHKb CKPMTHMXb ganeil, $1 Bb 60Pb 6bITiA Bomenb.
[1 31 linecxanlich TaPIHO C0.1114, TOHYJIb H racHynb g0.71b.
14 HaBHKOBb cxaxaHbe Bb amtc -riinHutaxb sogbr.
14 .nto6tixosb cmtsuibe Bb rpyc -rtintirgaxb aapH.
14 BtTOKb TperieTaHbe 14 B03,a)0Ca cmtsgHbe
TaMb, rgt lipOCK0.71b3Hy/TH waptipti
CBOHMb OrFIVICTMMb CBHCTOMb
B03,713/Kb 6MBH 3a.11H.1114.
TOHY/lb H racHynb AO/Tb...
-14 BeJ151Mb BtiiHMKb BOJTell Heck. Mipb - 110KOpHbal BOJ1b.
142
AH4peti LLIHILIKHH
4HTafi 3TH CTHXH, A TIOMHHJI O "BCeCJ1aBAHCKOMb 513bIKt", no6trm KOTO-
paro a0.7DICHM npopacTs Toms coapemessaro, pyccxaro. Borb nomemy
smenno Buie mntsie O 3THXb cTsxaxb MHb goporo H Bases o H HMeHHO
Kb BaMb A ptmaiocb 06paTiaTbc.s. ECJ1H Bbl nati/le -re BO3MO*HbIMb, Bbl-
ciaxca -re caoe mstsme o npmcnamibixb c -rpoxaxb, nocnasb In. 4 o6.1
caoe riscbmo no aapecy:
Ka3aHb.
2-as ropa,
tI'OM' YJI12.31H0Ba.
CT.<yrteFrry> B. B. XJ1t6HHKOBY
Byay ripemnoro 6naroaapenb BaMb.
B. XJ1t6HHKOB.
31 III 1908 Ka3asb.
ARTorpacp — OP PFB, (p. 109, x.36, ea. xp. 9; TeKCT Ha nayx 13/10)KeHHbIX Apyr B
apyra aBOFIHbIX J1HCTaX. CTHXOTBOpeHHe 11P 1 6brno ony6inixoaano B "Heinaas-
sbtx npos3aeaenssx", M. 1940, c. 110 (aanee - HT1); 11K 2 - Tam *e, c. 111 ; M 3 - TaM
*e, c. 118; M 4 - a I, wropas narsnams, c. 16 (nepable 18 cTpox cnix. "Hera-
Heronb"); 11K 5 - B lin, C. 112; M 6 a I, aTopas narssaums, c. 16 (c -rpoxs 19-22 CTHX.
"Hera-Hero.nb"); It 7 - a l, sTopas narsulawis, C. 267 ; 8 - B 1-111, c. 113, nepable 4
CTpOKH AP 9 - B I , aTopas narmmanss, C. 276 — 3,/jeCb cambre 6onbuime pautwums;
10 - B I, sTopas narsnags si, c. 279; ft 11 - B1111, C. 115, 11p 12 B Hfl, c. 117.
CTHXOTBOpeHHA B aa -rorpa(pe Hal-IHCaHblPa3Hb1MH HepHI4J1aMli H aapbmpytoulsmcs
nomepxom ; onpeaenwrb HX namano N xoneu c 6onbtuon aonefi ysepesnocTs
11PeACTaBJISIeTCSI 3aTPYLIFINTeJlbHb1M; same mnesenme ny6nsxyemoro TeKCTa B
COOTBeTCTBHH C TIOCTaBJleHHb1M14 B xaaaparnblx cxo6Kax somepams ,IOCTaTOL1HO
YCJIOBHO. B Hacrosititee apems Texc -ronorsmeckas npo6nema Xne6limicoaa
oc -raercs sepeulesso2 (CM. o6ulee alle/lesse K npsmemanssm rpsropbesa N Ilap-
mica B KH. Xne6mixoaa TBOpeli1451, 1985, c. 656, cp. Taxsce o6wee aseaesme x rips-
meni-um C -renasosa a 1, (nepsas nan-muss), c. 308); ny6.nmxagms aarnioro
aaTorpactaa noabimaeT cnopnbril aonpoc o6 OTHOIlleHHH OparmeHra H ue.noro y
X,ne6tixoaa: He cneayer J111 ~rari, ace slusomennbre cioaa nbecbr 3a egmlibgi
no3 -ni4ecxsti no -rox?
* Pacnimpensbrn BaptaHT noxnaaa Ha XJ1e6HHKOBCKOH xoFspeperunni B HHCTHTyTe
mspottoil nsTeparyphr PAH (Mocxsa) 7 HOSI6P51 1995 r. B 3To1 cTaTbe MH011 pa3-
pa6a -rmaalorcs 1-10.710)KeHHA, namemennme B S 2 CTaTbH "Bensmsp XJTe6HHKOB Ha
`6auie' Bsim. Haanosa" — Hoaoe nsTeparypnoe o6o3pense 17 (1996), c. 145-
149. AsTop npsHocm -r 6naroaapsocTb 3a COBeTbl C. Atlepwitkeay, r. JIeBHHTOHy H
B. YCTIeHCKOMy.
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