haber-bosch process
Post on 12-Feb-2017
430 Views
Preview:
TRANSCRIPT
History• Reaction was discovered by Bosch and was published in
his 1905 book1,2
• Fritz Haber received a Nobel price in 1918 for the synthesis of ammonia from its constituents elements2
• Carl Bosch made it an industrial process to make explosives
• First commercial high-pressure synthesis of ammonia in 19132 using Haber process
• Ammonia is very useful – explosives, fertilizer, Ostwald process
(1) Haber, F. The synthesis of ammonia from its elements Nobel Lecture, June 2, 1920. Resonance. 2002, 7, 86-94.(2) Fritz Haber – Biographical. 2014. Nobelprize.org. http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/laureates/1918/haber-bio.html (accessed Mar 16, 2016).(3) Modak, J.M. Haber process for ammonia synthesis. Resonance. 2002, 7, 69-77.
Raw Materials4
Nitrogen from air
Hydrogen from natural gas
3𝐻2(𝑔) + 𝑁2(𝑔) ⇌ 2𝑁𝐻3(𝑔) ∆H = -92.44 kJ/molReaction conditions500 0C200 atmFe catalyst(4) Appl, M. Ammonia. In Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Wiley-VCH: Weinheim, Germany, 2006.
top related