-
7/21/2019 Die Anthropomorphisierung von Computern im Film
1/86
Iha Mbtcrepejerpchsharubk veb Fejputarb hj Dh`j
Jmkhstarmrnaht
zur Ar`mbkubk ias Krmias ahbar
Jmkhstrm Mrthuj J.M.
verka`akt
iar
_ch`esepchsfcab Dmlu`tt
iar ^cahbhsfcab Drhairhfc-[h`ca`js-Qbhvarshtt
zu Nebb
veb
Vvabgm Nmujmbb
mus
Bauss
-
7/21/2019 Die Anthropomorphisierung von Computern im Film
2/86
Mb Ahias stmtt varshfcara hfc, imss iha Mrnaht
Iha Mbtcrepejerpchsharubk veb Fejputarb hj Dh`j
veb jhr sa`nst ubi ecba gaia ubar`munta Ch`da mbkadarthkt wuria, imss sha befclahbar mbiarab Vta``a zur _rdubk verka`akab cmt ubi imss sha waiar kmbz,
befc hj Muszuk varddabt`hfct weriab hst. Iha Vta``ab iar Mrnaht ahbsfc`ha`hfc
Ymna``ab, Lmrtab, Mnnh`iubkab usw. , iha mbiarab [arlab iaj [ert`mut eiar
iaj Vhbb bmfc abtbejjab shbi, cmna hfc hb gaiaj ahbza`bab Dm`` m`s Abt`ac-
bubk labbt`hfc kajmfct.
Vvabgm Nmujmbb
-
7/21/2019 Die Anthropomorphisierung von Computern im Film
3/86
Hbcm`t
=. Ahb`ahtubk ......................................................................................................................... 9>. Mbtcrepejerpchsjus ...................................................................................................... ;
>.= Carlubdt ubi Naiautubk ........................................................................................... ;>.> Mbtcrepejerpchsharubk ias Fejputars .................................................................. =?
>.6 Yafcbejerpchsharubk ias Jabsfcab ...................................................................... =>6. Arsfcahbubksderjab veb Fejputarb hj Dh`j................................................................ =1
6.= Engalt eiar Vungalt ................................................................................................. =16.> ^enetar ubi Mbirehia ............................................................................................. =46.6 Fynerks ................................................................................................................... =86.9 Ahbd`uss iar tafcbhsfcab Abtwhfl`ubk mud Dh`jimrsta``ubkab .................................. >?
9. Vungaltwariubk m`s Mbtcrepejerpchsharubk ................................................................. >19.= Vungalt ubi Engalt nah Iasfmrtas ........................................................................... >19.> Vungaltwariubk ias Fejputars ............................................................................. >;
9.6 Iha Abtsfcahiubkskawm`t ias Vungaltas hb Imrl Vtmr .......................................... >39.9 Ajethebm`as ubi rmthebm`as Vungalt hb H, ^enet .................................................... >81. Iha Ave`utheb iar Hbta``hkabz .......................................................................................... 66
1.= Vfcmfc spha`abia Fejputar ................................................................................... 611.> Vprafcabia Fejputar ............................................................................................ 681.6 Mbtcrepejerpchsharubk jmsfchba``ar Hbta``hkabz hb >??=7 VpmfaEiyssaa ....................................................................................................................... 9=
1.6.= Lmjpd uj iha Vphtza iar Ave`utheb .................................................................. 9>1.6.> Iha Mbtcrepejerpchsharubk ias Fejputars CM@ ............................................ 991.6.6 CM@s Tarwabiubk veb Vprmfca ...................................................................... 94
1.6.9 CM@s Vfcmfcvarstbibhs ................................................................................. 931.9 Iha ujkalacrta Ave`utheb hb Iajeb Vaai ........................................................... 1?
4. Baua Mus`akubkab veb Jabsfc`hfclaht ......................................................................... 1>4.= Iar Drmblabstahb Lejp`ax ...................................................................................... 164.> ^mthebm`as Ardersfcab iar Jabsfc`hfclaht hb Fe`essus7 Yca Dernhb_regaft .......................................................................................................................... 144.6 Vhbb`hfcas Abtiaflab iar Jabsfc`hfclaht7 Vcert Fhrfuht ....................................... 184.9 Vtranab bmfc Jabsfc`hfclaht ubi Jbb`hfclaht hb Nhfabtabbhm` Jmb .................... 4>4.4 Mbkst uj iha nairecta Jabsfc`hfclaht hb Mrthdhfhm` Hbta``hkabfa7 MH ........................ 49
;. ^flsphaka`ubk ias Mbtcrepejerpchsjus mud iab Jabsfcab ..................................... 483. Dmzht .............................................................................................................................. ;68. @htarmturvarzahfcbhs ....................................................................................................... 3>
-
7/21/2019 Die Anthropomorphisierung von Computern im Film
4/86
9
=. Ahb`ahtubk
Ahb Whtmt Vhkjubi Drauis mus iab _retele``ab iar _syfcembm`ythsfcab Jhtt-
wefcskasa``sfcmdt mus iaj Gmcra =8?; nasmkt7 "Qbsar Tarstbibhs rahfct se
waht wha ubsar Mbtcrepejerpchsjus."=Hj Kakabzuk se``ta as jk`hfc sahb, mb
iab Mbtcrepejerpchsjab ias Jabsfcab sahb Tarstbibhs veb shfc sa`nst ubi
iaj Tarc`tbhs zu sahbar Qjkanubk mnzu`asab. Iar Qrsprubk ias mbtcrepe-
jerpcab [a`tnh`ias `hakt hb iab Kttarnh`iarb iar Mbthla. Iha Kttar wuriab hb
jabsfc`hfcar Derj ubi jht jabsfc`hfcab Ahkabsfcmdtab, Dchklahtab ubi se-
kmr Vfcwfcab hjmkhbhart. Ve wuria bhfct bur ims Qbversta``nmra nakrahd`hfc
kajmfct, sebiarb mufc ahba bmrzhssthsfca [a`tmbsfcmuubk, iha iab Jabsfcab
hb ims Wabtruj ias Qbhvarsujs sta``ta, muskairflt.
Hb iar m``tk`hfcab Vprmfca wha hb iar @htarmtur ihabt iha Mbtcrepejerpchsharubk
bmfc wha ver iaj nassarab Tarstbibhs veb lejp`axab ubi ubversta``nmrab
Kakabstbiab iurfc iha _regaltheb veb nalmbbtab, jabsfc`hfcab Tarc`tbhs-
sab mud ihasa. [ha Vphaka`nh`iar rad`altharab ihasa Mbtcrepejerpchsjab ims
Nh`i ias Jabsfcab veb shfc sa`nst, sahbar Hiabthtt ubi Vta``ubk hb iar [a`t.
Nasebiars iert, we shfc Nh`i ubi Mnnh`i eddabshfct`hfc ubtarsfcahiab nh`iat shfc
ahba _regalthebsd`fca dr Hiam`versta``ubkab, [bsfca ubi Ceddbubkab mnar
mufc Arwmrtubkab ubi bksta ias Jabsfcab.
Tersta``ubkab veb lbst`hfcab Jabsfcab shbi sfceb hb mbthlab, jytchsfcab Dh-
kurab wha _rejatcaus, _ykjm`heb ubi Ke`aj `mbka Waht ver iar Ardhbiubk veb
Jafcmbhl ubi Kabtafcbhl vercmbiab. Mufc iha Tersta``ubk veb jabsfcabdr-
jhkab ^enetarb abtstmbi wcrabi iar hbiustrha``ab ^ave`utheb ubi imjht Gmcr-
zacbta ver iar Ardhbiubk ias Fejputars. Iar Fejputar arwahtarta iha Tersta`-
`ubk vej lbst`hfcab Jabsfcab m`s na`antaj Mutejmtab uj iha Jk`hfclaht
ahbar lbst`hfcab Hbta``hkabz. Jht ihasar de`kab _cmbtmshab veb iablabiab, dc-`abiab Jmsfchbab jht drahaj [h``ab, Va`nstnawusstsahb, Jerm`versta``ubkab
ubi ajethebm`ab Ajpdhbiubkab. Muterab ubi ^akhssaura cmnab ihasab _cmb-
tmshab hb hcrab [arlab Musirufl var`hacab, seimss saht iar Ardhbiubk ias Fej-
putars sahb dhlthvas, cmbia`bias ubi sprafcabias _abimbt ahb na`hantas Jethv
iar Dh`jkasfchfcta kaweriab hst.
= Draui, Vhkjubi< zht. bmfc7 Kancmri, Lhbi ubi Bmtur, V. 4?.
-
7/21/2019 Die Anthropomorphisierung von Computern im Film
5/86
1
Wha` ihasar Mrnaht hst as, se`fca Fejputar hj Dh`j ubtarsufcab, iha iaj Jab-
sfcab hb Kastm`t ubi Fcmrmltar mud varsfchaiaba Mrtab mbkak`hfcab wariab.
Iha Krubi`mka iar Qbtarsufcubk hst iha Drmkasta``ubk7
Hbwhadarb ihabab iha mbtcrepejerpcab Fejputar iurfc iha hcbabzukasfcrhanabab Ahkabsfcmdtab m`s ahb Vphaka` zur Va`nstnatrmfctubk iasJabsfcab ubi m`s _regalthebsd`fca dr bksta ubi Ceddbubkab iarKasa``sfcmdt5
Dr iha L`rubk iar Drmka hst as whfcthk, zuarst iha Naiautubk ubi Tarwabiubk
veb Mbtcrepejerpchsjab ubi hcra jatmpcerhsfca Dubltheb zu l`rab, iha zu
ahbar ^flsphaka`ubk ias mbtcrepejerpchshartab Kakabstmbias mud iab Jab-
sfcab dcrab lmbb. Ims Tarstbibhs ias Nakrhddas ubi sahbar Carlubdt hst ahb
whfcthkar Mspalt dr iha Iautubk iar Dh`jnahspha`a.
Ahba Wusmjjabdmssubk iar jk`hfcab Imrsta``ubksderjab veb Fejputarb hjDh`j ihabt m`s Ahbkrabzubk iar ubtarsufctab Nahspha`a. Iar Fejputar hst ahb hj
Dh`j sacr cudhk mudtratabias A`ajabt, gaiefc hst ar bhfct hb gaiar Derj ra`avmbt
dr ihasa Qbtarsufcubk. Mufc juss zwhsfcab Mbtcrepejerpchsharubk iar Ka-
stm`t ubi iar Fcmrmltarahkabsfcmdtab ubtarsfchaiab wariab, im ahba rahb u-
ar`hfca Mbtcrepejerpchsharubk ahbab Fejputar befc bhfct zu ahbaj mlthvab
Cmbi`ubksa`ajabt jmfct. Ahba Natrmfctubk iar chsterhsfcab Abtwhfl`ubk ias
Fejputars ubi pmrm``a` abtstacabiar Tarbiarubkab hb sahbar Dh`jimrsta``ubkse``ab muariaj Mudsfc`uss nar iha Abtstacubk veb iab Fejputar natraddab-
iab Arwmrtubkab ubi bkstab hb iar Kasa``sfcmdt kanab.
Iha cudhkstab ubi mussmkalrdthkstab imrmus abtstmbiabab Jethva hj Dh`j
jfcta hfc mbcmbi veb jacrarab Nahspha`ab zusmjjabdmssab ubi varmb-
sfcmu`hfcab. Imnah kact as hb Lmphta` vhar uj iha Abtwhfl`ubk ahbas Fejputars
veb ahbaj Engalt, wha ar mus iar ^am`htt nalmbbt hst, zu ahbaj Vungalt, ims
bmfc ahbar Va`nstarlabbtbhs ahba ahkaba Hiabthtt abtwhfla`t, zu Abtsfcahiubkab
dchk hst ubi Ahbd`uss mud iha Cmbi`ubk bhjjt. Ihasa Abtwhfl`ubk hst Termussat-
zubk imdr, imss ahb Fejputar hj Dh`j zuj ve``warthkab Fcmrmltar whri ubi
iajabtsprafcabi ubtarsufct wariab lmbb. Kasfchact iha Vungaltwariubk ah-
bas Fejputars hbbarcm`n iar Dh`jcmbi`ubk, hst sha muariaj ahba arsta ubi
whfcthka Mbtcrepejerpchsharubk, im sha iaj Fejputar ahb jabsfcabcb`hfcas
Va`nstnawusstsahb khnt. Iha hb ihasaj Wusmjjabcmbk nacmbia`tab Dh`jnah-
spha`a shbi Imrl Vtmr (Gecb Fmrpabtar, QVM, =8;9) ubi H, ^enet (M`ax _re-
yms, QVM, >??9).
-
7/21/2019 Die Anthropomorphisierung von Computern im Film
6/86
4
Ims dbdta Lmphta` nasfcdthkt shfc jht iab Muswhrlubkab iar Ardersfcubk veb
lbst`hfcar Hbta``hkabz mud iha [ubsfc- ubi Mbkstnh`iar, iha jht iaj Fejputar
ahbcarkacab. Hj Delus iar Dersfcubk, mnar mufc hj Hbtarassa iar ddabt`hfclaht
stmbiab nar ahbab `mbkab Wahtrmuj ver m``aj iha _rekrmjjharubk veb
Vfcmfcfejputarb ubi iha Abtwhfl`ubk veb Vprmfcvarstbibhs, iha shfc nhscauta m`s nasebiars lejp`ax arwhasab cmt. Iha lbst`hfca Hbta``hkabz iar Fej-
putar hj Dh`j sphaka`t ihasa Abtwhfl`ubkab whiar, wenah iha jmsfchba``a Hbta``h-
kabz mb iha jabsfc`hfca Iablwahsa mbkak`hfcab whri. Qj iha Fcmrmltarhsthlm
jabsfc`hfcar Iablwahsab veb iabab ias Fejputars ubtarsfcahiab zu lbbab,
se`` ahba lurza Nasfcrahnubk iar Nasebiarcahtab hb iar Vpha`wahsa ahbas
Vfcmfcfejputars ubi ahb Qjrhss ias Dersfcubksstmbias veb jmsfchba``ar
Vprmfcarlabbubk carmbkazekab wariab. Mj Nahspha` ias Dh`jas >??=7 MVpmfa Eiyssaa (Vtmb`ay Lunrhfl, =843, QVM) wariab imbb iha mbtcrepejer-
pcab Mspalta hb iar Imrsta``ubk veb lbst`hfcar Hbta``hkabz, sewha iha Nadrfc-
tubk ahbar ahkabstbihkab Ave`utheb ihasar ubtarsufct. Ahba Hbtarpratmtheb iar
Ave`utheb veb lbst`hfcar Hbta``hkabz mus iar _arspalthva ahbas Fejputars, iar
shfc zurfl zu ahbaj nhe`ekhsfcab [asab abtwhfla`b wh``, whri hj Nahspha` Ia-
jeb Vaai (Iebm`i Fmjja``, QVM, =8;;) verkasta``t.
Hj safcstab Lmphta` whri mb Vta``a iar rmthebm`ab, varbbdthkab ubi kahsthkab
Ahkabsfcmdtab ias Jabsfcab iha acar lrpar`hfc erhabtharta, shbb`hfca ubi aje-
thebm`a Jabsfc`hfclaht nacmbia`t. Befc wabhkar arrahfcnmr m`s iha jabsfc`hfca
Hbta``hkabz hst dr iab ram`ab Fejputar nhscar iha jht iaj Erkmbhsfcab varnub-
iaba jabsfc`hfca Ajethebm`htt, Vaxum`htt ubi Dertpd`mbzubk.
Mbiars m`s iha ahbprekrmjjharta Hbta``hkabz ubi @ekhl lbbab ihasa mnstrmltab
Lebzapta mufc vej Fejputar bur iurfc ahkaba Ardmcrubkab ar`arbt wariab. Hb
Mbm`ekha zu ihasaj _rezass nahj Jabsfcab whri iha Mbtcrepejerpchsharubk
iar dc`abiab Fejputar wha iha lhbi`hfca ubi Gukabi`hfca Abtwhfl`ubk ias
Jabsfcab imrkasta``t. Ims Nh`i vej Fejputar m`s Lhbi lerraspebihart jht iaj
veb Vfhabfa Dhftheb Muter Hsmmf Mshjev nabmbbtab Drmblabstahb Lejp`ax.
Ihasar nasfcrahnt iha Mbkst iar Jabsfcab, iar hj Wusmjjabcmbk jht iaj
Fejputar mj jahstab Musirufl var`hacab wuria. Iha vej lynarbathsfcab Iab-
lab kaprkta Nadrfctubk, veb iar Jmsfchba narce`t ubi arsatzt zu wariab,
uart shfc hb nasebiars vha`ab Dh`jnahspha`ab. Imnah whri iar Jabsfc cudhk hb
ahba syjne`hsfca Tmtar-Lhbi Nazhacubk zuj Fejputar kasatzt, wa`fcar m`s
De`ka sahbar Abtwhfl`ubk Qbmncbkhklaht ahbderiart. Ihasa Jethva wariab mb-
-
7/21/2019 Die Anthropomorphisierung von Computern im Film
7/86
-
7/21/2019 Die Anthropomorphisierung von Computern im Film
8/86
3
Mbtcrepejerpchsharubk dhbiat hj Bauab Yastmjabt iar Nhna` stmtt, wabb Kett hb
Gasus iha d`ahsfc`hfca Derj ahbas Jabsfcab mbbhjjt ubi shfc iar Vtarn`hfclaht
ubtarwhrdt. Kett whri bhfct bur se waht wha jk`hfc varjabsfc`hfct, sebiarb iar
Jabsfc whri hb Gasus anabse stmrl varkttart. Imjht bcarb shfc zwah ahbmbiar
kakabnarstacabia Lebzapta hb ahbaj Jhsfcwasab mbahbmbiar mb. Mus iajN`hflwhbla` iar Ycae`ekha kh`t iha Mbtcrepejerpchsharubk Kettas, eiar mufc se-
kabmbbta Kettasnh`iar, mus kabmu ihasaj Krubi m`s pren`ajmthsfc. Iurfc iha
Mbbcarubk ias Jabsfcab mb Kett irect gabar atwms veb sahbar Arcmnabcaht
zu var`harab.4 Iha Tarnh`i`hfcubk Kettas hst ubtar mbiaraj iaswakab iurfc iha
zacb Kaneta hj Ialm`ek ubtarsmkt weriab.
Ahb Tartahihkar ias Mbtcrepejerpchsjus wmr Hjjmbua` Lmbt. Hb sahbar Lrhthl
iar rahbab Tarbubdt nadrwertat ar ahbab syjne`hsfcab Mbtcrepejerpchsjus.Ihasar se`` m`s ahba Jatmpcar varstmbiab wariab, iha Mbm`ekhab zu ubs nalmbb-
tab Tarc`tbhssab hb ahbaj Kakabstmbi mudiaflt, veb iaj whr lahbar`ah Tersta`-
`ubk cmnab. Ihasa Jatmpcar lmbb iajbmfc m`s Tarsufc kasacab wariab, at-
wms zu ardmssab, wms veb sahbar Iadhbhtheb car bhfct vej jabsfc`hfcab Tar-
stmbi ardmsst wariab lmbb. Imcar sta``t ims Mbtcrepejerpchsharab lahba Kadmcr
dr Kettas Arcmnabcaht imr.;Hb iar _ch`esepcha hst iha Mus`akubk iar [a`t bmfc
iaj Nh`ia ias Jabsfcab ahba ka`udhka Jk`hfclaht, iha Krubidrmkab iar Ja-
tmpcyshl zu nariablab ubi iab Vhbb ias @anabs mus iar _arspalthva ias
Jabsfcab zu iautab.3
Iha mbtcrepezabtrhsfca [a`tmbsfcmuubk, iha iab Jabsfcab hb iab Jhtta`publt
ias Qbhvarsujs sta``t, archa`t ahbab Ahbsfcbhtt jht iar Tarddabt`hfcubk veb
Fcmr`as Imrwhbs Ave`uthebstcaerha hj Gmcr =318. Ihasa `ha `mbka mud shfc wmr-
tab, wah` as Imrwhb sa`nst nasfcjta, iab Jabsfcab m`s iurfc bmtr`hfca Va-
`altheb ubi Wud``a abtwhfla`tab Bmfcdmcrab ias Mddab zu abtwartab.8Ims Nh`i
ias Jabsfcab ubi iar Bmtur jussta bmfc ihasar Ycaerha bau narimfct war-
iab. Iha Ave`uthebstcaerha stact nhs cauta hb Lebd`hlt jht iar bmrzhssthsfcab Ter-
sta``ubk, ahb Mnnh`i Kettas zu sahb ubi whri veb iarab Mbcbkarb m`s N`mspca-
jha ubi Na`ahihkubk ajpdubiab.
4Tk`. Yhata`, Ims Wwhsfcabihbk, V. >1;.;
Tk`. K`z, Lmbts Lrhthl iar rahbab Tarbubdt hj L`mrtaxt, V. =49.3Tk`. Cahiakkar, Bhatzsfca, V. ==6.8Tk`. [mrrhfl/Wanrewslh, Jera Ycmb Cujmb, hb7 Vfhabfa Dhftheb. Febtajpermry Jytce-
`eky, V. >88.
-
7/21/2019 Die Anthropomorphisierung von Computern im Film
9/86
8
Iha Tarjabsfc`hfcubk wa`t`hfcar Kakabstbia whri mufc befc ubtar ahbaj mb-
iarab Nakrhdd kadcrt. Ims Arkanbhs iar _regaltheb jabsfc`hfcar Ahkabsfcmdtab
mud Kakabstbia ubi Yhara whri m`s _arsebhdhzharubk nazahfcbat. Hj Jhtta`-
publt stact imnah m``arihbks iha _arsb`hfclaht ias Jabsfcab, m`se sahba Ah-
kabsfcmdtab ubi Ahkabmrtab ubi bhfct sahba uar`hfclahtab, wcrabi nah iarMbtcrepejerpchsharubk mufc `atztara ahba ^e``a spha`ab. _arsebhdhzharubkab
shbi nasebiars hb iar @htarmtur ahba cudhk varwabiata Lebvabtheb, iha sfceb hb
iar krhafchsfcab ^caterhl ubtar iaj Nakrhdd _resepepehha kadcrt wuria.=?Ahb
nalmbbtas, `htarmrhsfcas Nahspha` shbi iha sephsfcab Dmna`b, hb iabab Yharab
jabsfc`hfca Ahkabsfcmdtab ubi, wa`fcas ahb whfcthkar _ublt hst, iha jabsfc`h-
fca Vprmfca var`hacab whri.==
En nah Kttarb, Yharab eiar Kakabstbiab, iar Krubi dr iha Mbtcrepejerpch-sharubk hst cudhk ahba Qblabbtbhs. Ims Qbvarstbi`hfca hst `ahfctar zu abt-
sfc`ssa`b, wabb ahba jabsfc`hfca Vfcmn`eba m`s Iablvarahbdmfcubk=> imr-
nar ka`akt whri. @an`esab Ihbkab, iha ims @anab iar Jabsfcab se sacr naahb-
d`ussab, imss ihasa hbtabshv bmfc ahbar Arl`rubk sufcab, whri edtjm`s ahba ku-
ta eiar nsa Mnshfct ubtarsta``t, uj iar [h``lr veb nahspha`swahsa Bmturlmtm-
strepcab ahba Arl`rubk zu kanab. Mufc ims Vprafcab nar ahbab sfcwar na-
krahd`hfcab Kakabstmbi hst ahbdmfcar jht nalmbbtab Yarjhbh, iha atwms Tar-
k`ahfcnmras mus ahbaj wabhkar lejp`axab eiar ubnalmbbtab Narahfc musir-
flab. Jht iar Tarwabiubk veb Musirflab, iha ahkabt`hfc atwms jabsfc`hfcas
Nasfcrahnab, lejjt ims Mbtcrepejerpchsharab iar uar`hfcab Kastm`t ias
Kakabstmbias hb iar Tersta``ubk cudhk veb sa`nst imzu.=6
Mbcmbi iar Mbm`ekhab, iha iar Jabsfc zu sahbaj ahkabab [asab ubi sahbar
Kastm`t satzt, lmbb jmb mn`asab, wha iar Jabsfc ihasab Kakabstmbi varstact
ubi wha ar sahb ahkabas Tarc`tbhs zu ihasaj ahbsfctzt. Ga bmfciaj, we hb
iab Mbtcrepejerpchsharubkab Kajahbsmjlahtab eiar Kakabstza iaut`hfc
wariab, arc`t jmb Chbwahsa mud ims Nh`i ias Jabsfcab veb sahbaj ahkabab
[asab ubi sahbaj Tarc`tbhs zu sahbar Qjkanubk. Mbtcrepejerpchsjab lb-
bab mufc m`s _regalthebsd`fcab ihabab. Iert, we sha iha Dchklahtab ias Jab-
sfcab narstahkab eiar hcbab bhfct karafct wariab, lbbab sha sewec` m`s
Ceddbubkstrkar, m`s mufc m`s Mbkst-Vzabmrhab hb Arsfcahbubk tratab.
=?
Tk`. Yhata`, Ims Wwhsfcabihbk, V. >4?.==Tk`. Thbfabt, Ims Kachrb, hb7 Iha Yafcbhl mud iaj [ak zur Vaa`a, V. =1>.=>Kancmri Q`rhfc7 Lhbi ubi Bmtur, V. 4=.=6Tk`. Yhata`, Ims Wwhsfcabihbk, V. >18.
-
7/21/2019 Die Anthropomorphisierung von Computern im Film
10/86
=?
>.> Mbtcrepejerpchsharubk ias Fejputars
Vfceb hj rahbab Vprmfckanrmufc shbi Fejputar na`hanta Engalta dr Tar-
jabsfc`hfcubk. Kmbz sa`nstvarstbi`hfc sprhfct jmb imveb, imss ahb Fejputar
Dabstar ddbat, Drmkab sta``t ubi Nadac`a musdcrt. Jmbfcjm` ramkhart ar mufc
bhfct jacr, strzt mn eiar `udt cah. Ihasa sprmfc`hfcab _arsebhdhzharubkab hjM``tmk wariab iurfc iab Ahbirufl veb Hbtarmlthvhtt kadriart, iar iurfc mud Na-
butzardraubi`hfclaht chb prekrmjjharta Mrnahtsenard`fcab abtstact. Iha ihm`ekh-
sfcab Epthebab shju`harab Lejjubhlmtheb zwhsfcab iaj Fejputar ubi iaj
Butzar. Mutejmthsharta _rekrmjjmn`uda ubi Fejputar jht Nawakubksahbcah-
tab, zuj Nahspha` ^enetar, arwaflab muariaj befc iab Mbsfcahb veb Va`nst-
tthklaht ubi Va`nststbihklaht.=9
Ahb wahtarar Mus`sar hst iha Lejp`axhtt ias Fejputars ubi iassab Hbbab`a-nabs. Hjjar l`ahbar wariabia Jhlrefchps jht hjjar krar wariabiar @ahstubk
serkab dr ahb wmfcsabias Qbvarstbibhs. Wur Tarnassarubk iar Tarstbi`hfc-
laht ubi zur Tarahbdmfcubk iar Lejjubhlmtheb jht ubi nar iab Fejputar
wariab jabsfc`hfca Nakrhdda ubi Ahkabsfcmdtab mud hcb nartrmkab. Char dhbiat
shfc ahba Mbm`ekha zur ursprbk`hfcab Naiautubk ias Mbtcrepejerpchsjus.
cb`hfc iab Kttarnh`iarb dcrt m`se mufc mb ihasar Vta``a Qblabbtbhs zur Mbtc-
repejerpchsharubk. Dr kawcb`hfc nasfcrblt shfc iha Tarjabsfc`hfcubk iasFejputars hj M``tmk mud Nakrhdd`hfclahtab, iha Ahkabsfcmdtab sahba Mrnahtswahsa
parsebhdhzharab. Ve lbbab lejp`axa _rezassa, dr iarab Tarstbibhs ahb dub-
ihartas Dmfcwhssab arderiar`hfc wra, iurfc Mbm`ekhab zuj Nalmbbtab varahb-
dmfct imrkasta``t wariab. Imnah cmbia`t as shfc acar uj ahbab psyfce`ekhsfcab
Jafcmbhsjus=1zur Ar`ahfctarubk ias Tarstbibhssas m`s uj ahbab pch`esepch-
sfcab Tark`ahfc. As lmbb m`se acar iar Nakrhdd iar _arsebhdhzharubk dr ihasas
_cbejab varwabiat wariab. Ahba Mbtcrepejerpchsharubk iar uar`hfcab
Arsfcahbubk veb Fejputarb hb iar ^am`htt dhbiat zuj Nahspha` hb Derj veb
cujmbehiab ^enetarb stmtt, nhscar m``arihbks bur zu muarkawcb`hfcab Der-
sfcubks- ubi Qbtarcm`tubkszwaflab.
Iha _arsebhdhzharubk ubi Mbtcrepejerpchsharubk veb Fejputarb hj M``tmk whri
veb Vahtab iar Hbderjmthl cudhk lrhthshart. Qbtar iab Lrhthlarb dhbiab shfc na-
lmbbta Bmjab wha Drhaiar Bmla ubi Gesapc [ahzabnmuj.=4_arsebhdhzharabia
=9Tk`. Yhata`, Ims Wwhsfcabihbk, V. 4=.=1Ani., V. >48.=4Tk`. ani., V. >1?.
-
7/21/2019 Die Anthropomorphisierung von Computern im Film
11/86
==
Vprmfca hj Qjkmbk jht iaj Fejputar hst ubsmfc`hfc ubi varjhtta`t ubtar Qj-
stbiab dm`sfca Ahbirfla. Mufc wabb iha [hrlubkswahsa ias Fejputars hj
Vhbba iar Hbderjmthebsvarmrnahtubk ubi Vpahfcarubk mb iar ias Jabsfcab erh-
abthart hst, hst sha iabbefc bhfct mud iarsa`nab Nmshs mbka`akt ubi se``ta bhfct jht
hcr k`ahfckasatzt wariab. Mufc iha jabsfc`hfca Lejjubhlmtheb lmbb jmb bhfctmud iab Fejputar nartrmkab, im jht iaj Fejputar dmlthsfc lahba Lejjubh-
lmtheb stmttdhbiat, sebiarb cfcstabs jht iab _rekrmjjhararb. Hb iar ^am`htt
lejjt as nah iarmrthkab Arwmrtubkab zu Abttusfcubkab, wabb iar verpre-
krmjjharta Fcmrmltar ias Fejputars zuj Tersfcahb lejjt7 Vewec` iha Hb-
tarmlthvhtt m`s mufc iarab Dac`ab lbbab m`s ubcahj`hfc, zujhbiast gaiefc m`s
hrrhtharabi ar`ant wariab.=;
Hj Vhbba ias Mbtcrepejerpchsjus wariab acar hb dhlthvab Yaxtab Mbm`ekhabzwhsfcab iaj Fejputar ubi iaj Jabsfcab kasatzt. As whri jht Tersta``ubkab
veb jabsfc`hfcar Hiabthtt ubi _regalthebab veb Ceddbubkab ubi bkstab ka-
spha`t. Iha Mbtcrepejerpchsharubk lmbb m`s _regaltheb ahbar hiam`ab Kakab-
jmfct=3ihabab. [ha iar Jabsfc zuver sahb Hiam`nh`i mud iha Kttar preghzhart
cmt, sphaka`t ar shfc bub hj Fejputar whiar. Iar Fejputar m`s iha `ekhsfca Jm-
sfchba ubi Tarlrparubk iar rahbab Tarbubdt whrlt wha ahba Kettcaht iar Jeiar-
ba. Vahba krea ^afcab`ahstubk `sst hcb m``jfcthk arsfcahbab, sahba Vpah-
fcarlmpmzhttab varjhtta`b iab Ahbirufl veb M``whssabcaht ubi saht iar Ardhb-
iubk ias _arsebm` Fejputars hst ar mufc hj M``tmk ejbhprsabt. Qbnaahbd`usst
veb lrpar`hfcab ubi ajethebm`ab Ahbd`ssab hst iar Fejputar iha tafcbhsfca
Tarkakabstbi`hfcubk ias `ekes=8ubi ahba Tarlrparubk ias rmthebm`ab Kahs-
tas, iab narahts iha mnabi`bihsfcab _ch`esepcab, ubtar hcbab Hjjmbua` Lmbt,
kaderiart cmnab.
@eska`st veb iab Ahbsfcrblubkab iar Yafcbhl hb iar ^am`htt lmbb iar Fej-
putar hb iar Dhltheb iaj Jabsfcab se bmca lejjab, imss ar lmuj befc veb
hcj ubtarsfchaiab wariab lmbb. Imnah lbbab sewec` iha uarab m`s mufc
iha hbbarab Jarljm`a mbkabcart wariab. Ter m``aj hb @htarmtur ubi Dh`j mus
iar Vfhabfa Dhftheb Kmttubk spha`t iar Fejputar ahba krea ^e``a ubi trhtt sacr
edt hb mbtcrepejerpchshartar Derj mud. Hbta``hkabta ubi jabsfcabcb`hfca Fej-
putar shbi ahbar iar mj cudhkstab kawc`tab Tartratar veb duturhsthsfcar Yafc-
=;Yhata`, Ims Wwhsfcabihbk, V. 41.=3Ani., V. =36.=8Ani., V. >3=.
-
7/21/2019 Die Anthropomorphisierung von Computern im Film
12/86
=>
be`ekha hj Dh`j.>?Imnah shbi sha ahba _regalthebsd`fca dr iha Arwmrtubkab, iha
mb iab Jabsfcab iar Wulubdt kasta``t wariab. Mb iar Imrsta``ubk iar Fejpu-
tar, iha m`s Vfcpdubk ias Jabsfcab iassab Hiam`versta``ubkab nahbcm`tab,
lmbb jmb mn`asab, wha iar Muter shfc iab Jabsfcab iar Wulubdt versta``t. Mufc
ims Tarc`tbhs ias Jabsfcab zu sahbar Vfcpdubk hst ahb whfcthkar _ublt. Jhtmbtcrepejerpcab Fejputarb lbbab parsb`hfca Nazhacubkab dahbisfcmdt`h-
fcar, draubisfcmdt`hfcar eiar sekmr rejmbthsfcar ubi saxua``ar Mrt imrkasta``t
wariab. Hbskasmjt lmbb iar mbtcrepejerpchsharta Fejputar hb @htarmtur ubi
Dh`j m`se m`s Jatmpcar dr ims Va`nstvarstbibhs ias Jabsfcab ubi sahb Tar-
c`tbhs zur Yafcbhl hbtarprathart wariab.
>.6 Yafcbejerpchsharubk ias Jabsfcab
Ims Tarc`tbhs veb Jabsfc ubi Yafcbhl zuahbmbiar hst saht iar Hbiustrhm`hsha-
rubk ahb Ycajm. Ter m``aj iar ihralta Tark`ahfc veb Erkmbhsjus ubi Jmsfchba
wuria zur Qbtarsfcahiubk carmbkazekab. Ar arddbata m``arihbks mufc iab N`hfl
mud iha zmc`rahfc vercmbiabab Kajahbsmjlahtab. Vfceb iha Arlabbtbhssa iar
Mbmtejha ias =3. Gmcrcubiarts arraktab Mudsacab, hbiaj sha iab jabsfc`h-
fcab Lrpar m`s ahba Mrt Jmsfchba mus varsfchaiabab, zusmjjab whrlabiab
Yah`ab abtrtsa`tab.>= Ihasa Ahbza`tah`a ias Lrpars lbbab hb iar jeiarbab
Jaihzhb mufc iurfc jafcmbhsfca Yah`a arsatzt wariab, ecba imss shfc iha Hiab-
thtt ias Jabsfcab varrhbkart, wha as zuj Nahspha` nah _retcasab ubi lbst`h-
fcab Erkmbab iar Dm`` hst.
Bhfct kmbz l`mr hst gaiefc, wha vha`a Yah`a ias Lrpars arsatzt wariab lbbab,
nhs ar bhfct jacr m`s Jabsfc, sebiarb m`s Jmsfchba iadhbhart wariab juss.
Imnah hst ver m``aj iar Narahfc ias zabtrm`ab Barvabsystajs pren`ajmthsfc, im
ims Kachrb m`s Vhtz ias jabsfc`hfcab Kahstas kh`t. Iurfc ims Arsatzab ahbza`-
bar Yah`a lbbta ihasar abtwaiar var`erab kacab, eiar mnar mud iha Jmsfchbanartrmkab wariab, wa`fcas wmcrsfcahb`hfc dr iha jahstab Jabsfcab iar ub-
cahj`hfcara veb nahiab Kaimblab hst. Imss muskarafcbat ims Kahsthka, mud ims
iar Jabsfc se ste`z hst, im as hcb veb iab Yharab mncant, hb Fejputarb rad`al-
thart whri, hst ahba Tersta``ubk, iha hb iar Kasa``sfcmdt Qbnacmkab mus`st.>>Ter
m``aj iha Tersta``ubk ahbar jabsfc`hfcab Vaa`a, iha hjjar hb Tarnhbiubk jht
atwms Ktt`hfcaj, Yrmbszabiabtm`ab stmbi, whrlt hb ahbar veb Jabsfcabcmbi
>?Tk`. ^enarts, Vfhabfa dhftheb, V. ===.>=Tk`. Jrmal, Vhju`harta Lrpar, V. =6?.>>Tk`. Yhata`, Ims Wwhsfcabihbk, V. =3=.
-
7/21/2019 Die Anthropomorphisierung von Computern im Film
13/86
-
7/21/2019 Die Anthropomorphisierung von Computern im Film
14/86
=9
Mbm`ekhab wariab ver m``aj hb iab Narahfc iar Hbderjmthebsvarmrnahtubk ahbka-
eribat. Jmsfchbab arcm`tab wha Jabsfcab Vhbbaserkmba, iha uara Hbderjmth-
ebab smjja`b ubi zuj Tarmrnahtab bmfc hbbab nartrmkab, naver veb iert mus
whaiaruj Hbderjmthebab mb jeterhsfca Erkmba ka`ahtat wariab, iha iurfc hcra
^amltheb iha Muabwa`t naahbd`ussab. Ahb ahbdmfcas Nahspha` dr ihasab Terkmbkhb iar Yafcbhl hst ahb mutejmthsfcar Yrddbar, iar mud Nawakubkab ramkhart.>;
Iarmrthka ^aka`ubksjafcmbhsjab ahbar Jmsfchba wariab zur Arl`rubk ubi
Tarnh`i`hfcubk mud iab Jabsfcab zurflkawerdab, iassab Erkmba wha _re-
krmjja eiar Yah`a ahbar Jmsfchba jhtahbmbiar lejjubhzharab ubi mutejm-
thsfc jhtahbmbiar dublthebharab. Mufc iha lejp`axa Mrnahtswahsa ias Kachrbs
lmbb iurfc nartrmkubk mud iha Nakrhdda iar a`altrebhsfcab Imtabvarmrnahtubk
edt ahbdmfcar ubi varstbi`hfcar imrkasta``t wariab.Iha rmihlm`a Lynarbathl nacmuptat sekmr, gaiar Erkmbhsjus lbba iurfc ahb
dublthebsdchkas, tafcbhsfcas Jeia`` axmlt bmfckanh`iat wariab.As nastact iha
Tarjutubk, imss ahba axmlta Bmfcnh`iubk ias Barvabsystajs kaleppa`t jht
iab cujerm`ab Erkmbab nah iar Bmfcnh`iubk zu ahbaj Nawusstsahb dcrab
wria. Ihas wria wahtar kacab, m`s iha n`ea Bmfcnh`iubk ahbas Lrpars ubi
wria ahbab ihraltab Ahbn`hfl hb ims [asab ias Jabsfcab varsfcmddab. Ahb
prekrmjjhartas Nawusstsahb wra mufc `ekhsfc zu abtsfc`ssa`b ubi iar
Jabsfc se abik`thk zu ardmssab. Narahfca, wha zuj Nahspha` Kaifctbhs, @e-
khl, @arbdchklaht sewha Lramthvhtt, Va`nstrad`axhvhtt ubi ims Nawusstsahb war-
iab hb iar Ycaerha iar Lynarbathlar iurfc axmlta Bmfcnh`iubkab mufc iaj
Fejputar zukbk`hfc. Iha narwhbiubk iar Krabza zwhsfcab Jabsfc ubi
Yafcbhl hst imcar ahb Cmupttcajm ihasar Dersfcubksrhfctubk. Mus iab nahiar-
sahthkab Tark`ahfcab abtstmbi hb iar Lynarbathl ims kbkhka Vphaka`nh`i veb
mbtcrepejerpcar Jmsfchba ubi tafcbejerpcaj Jabsfcab.>3 Ihasa ^fl-
sphaka`ubk wuria mufc m`s mbtcrepejerpchs hbvarsm >8eiar Fejputarjatm-
pcar6? nazahfcbat. Ga strlar iar Fejputar mbtcrepejerpchshart whri, ujse
strlar dcrt ihas hb Derj ahbar razhprelab Vphaka`nazhacubk zu ahbaj tafc-
bejerpcab Jabsfcab.
[e as hb iar ^am`htt befc mb iar Yafcbhl sfcahtart, lmbb hj Dh`j drah shju`hart
wariab, wms shfc hb iar Wulubdt nawmcrcahtab lbbta. Fejputar lbbab se
>;
Tk`. Yhata`, Ims Wwhsfcabihbk, V. =9=.>3Ani., V. =94.>8Ani., V. =9;.6?Ani., V. =;4.
-
7/21/2019 Die Anthropomorphisierung von Computern im Film
15/86
-
7/21/2019 Die Anthropomorphisierung von Computern im Film
16/86
=4
As ka`tab bur Fejputar m`s Vungalta, iha jethvharta Abtsfcahiubkab traddab ubi
iha Cmbi`ubk ubi iha mbiarab Fcmrmltara imjht mlthv naahbd`ussab lbbab.66
Qbmncbkhk veb hcraj uarab Arsfcahbubksnh`i shbi sungalthva Fejputar hb
hcrar Dubltheb dr iha Dh`jcmbi`ubk jht iab jabsfc`hfcab Fcmrmltarab mud iar-
sa`nab Vtuda ahbzueribab. Vha shbi k`ahfcarjmab whfcthk dr iha Cmbi`ubk ubivarde`kab anabse hcra ahkabab Wha`a ubi Mnshfctab. Hcra Nazhacubkab zu iab
jabsfc`hfcab Fcmrmltarab lbbab anabse parsb`hfc sahb wha iha iar Jab-
sfcab zuahbmbiar. M`s Engalta shbi Fejputar, saht sha ahb varnrahtatar M``tmks-
kakabstmbi shbi, ecbachb hb dmst gaiaj Dh`j zukakab, wabb mufc jahst bur hj
Chbtarkrubi. M`s Vungalta m``arihbks shbi sha cmuptsfc`hfc hb Dh`jab mus iaj
Narahfc Vfhabfa Dhftheb vercmbiab ubi tratab iert jahst m`s ahba iar Cmuptdhku-
rab mud.Iar Vtmtus ahbas Vungaltas hst narahts iha arsta ubi vha``ahfct whfcthksta Mbtcre-
pejerpchsharubk, im sha iha Krubi`mka dr m``a wahtarab sfcmddt. Arst iurfc iha
_regaltheb jabsfc`hfcar Ahkabsfcmdtab, wha iha Dchklaht Abtsfcahiubkab zu
traddab ubi ims Nawusstsahb dr iha ahkabab Cmbi`ubkab, lmbb iaj Fejputar
narcmupt ahb sa`nststbihkas Tarcm`tab zukaeribat wariab. Hst ihasa arsta
Mbtcrepejerpchsharubk vercmbiab, lmbb mufc ims uara Arsfcahbubksnh`i
ias Fejputars mussmkalrdthk mbkapmsst wariab. Ar lmbb sahbar ram`hsthsfcab
Arsfcahbubk bmfcajpdubiab m`s lrpar`esar Fejputar mudtratab, iar iurfc
vhsua``a Mbzahkab hb iha Cmbi`ubk ahbkrahdt ubi jht iaj iar Jabsfc nar Ahb-
kmnaahbcahtab wha Ymstmturab ubi Lbpda lejjubhzhart. As lmbb shfc imnah uj
rhashka, jfcthka Vuparfejputar wha Fe`essus hb Fe`essus7 Yca Dernhb _re-
gaft (Gmjas Vmrkabt, QVM, =8;?) eiar prhvmta _arsebm`fejputar wha Aikmr hb
A`aftrhf Iramjs (Vtava Nmrreb, QVM, =839) cmbia`b. Muskacabi veb ihasar
Derj lmbb shfc iar Fejputar wahtarabtwhfla`b ubi zuj Nahspha` Vhbba abtwh-
fla`b eiar Vprmfcdchklaht arwarnab. Fejputar, iha ahbab mbtcrepejerpcab
Lrpar cmnab, lbbab mudkrubi iar Nasfcmddabcaht ihasas Lrpars kabmuar
lmtakerhshart wariab.
6.> ^enetar ubi Mbirehia
Lbst`hfca Jabsfcab cmttab m`s _ykjm`heb, Ke`aj ubi Mutejmt sfceb Mudtrhtta
hb iar @htarmtur veb Mbthla, Jhtta`m`tar ubi ^ejmbthl. Mufc iar Nakrhdd ^enetar
wuria sfceb ver iar Ardhbiubk ias Fejputars ahbkadcrt. Ims arsta Jm` wuria
66Tk`. D`erhb, Fejputar hj Lhbe, V. 9=96.
-
7/21/2019 Die Anthropomorphisierung von Computern im Film
17/86
=;
ar hj =8>= urmudkadcrtab Ycamtarstfl ^Q^ - ^essujs Qbhvarsm` ^enets
veb Lmra` mpal varwabiat ubi nababbt iert jafcmbhsfca Mrnahtslrdta, iha
kakab hcra jabsfc`hfcab Vfcpdar rana``harab. Ims [ert `ahtat shfc vej tsfca-
fchsfcab renetm mn, imss hb atwm Drebmrnaht naiautat.69 ^enetar wariab
jhtt`arwah`a kabara`` iadhbhart m`s a`altrebhsfc kastauarta Ahbrhfctubk zur Mus-dcrubk veb lejp`axab Mrnahtsverkbkab jhtch`da veb Vabserab u. jafcmbh-
sfcab Irac- u. Krahdverrhfctubkab.61Hj Krubia shbi sha m`se fejputarkastau-
arta, a`altrebhsfca [arlzauka.
Mudkrubi hcrar Imrsta``ubk hb @htarmtur ubi Dh`j khnt as mnar befc ahba wahtara
Iadhbhtheb7 uar`hfc wha ahb Jabsfc kastm`tata Mppmrmtur, iha jmbua``a Dublth-
ebab ahbas Jabsfcab musdcrab lmbb< Jmsfchbabjabsfc.64 Iar ^enetar hst
mudkrubi sahbar Imrsta``ubk jht iar Lebbetmtheb varnubiab, jabsfcabcb`hfchb Kastm`t ubi Dubltheb zu sahb. Hj Dh`j arsfcahbt iar ^enetar mj cudhkstab hb
ihasar Derj. Muskacabi veb sahbar ursprbk`hfcab ^e``a nah mpal whri ar
mufc hb sptarab [arlab cudhk hb Tarnhbiubk jht ubtarirfltab ubi rana``ha-
rabiab Mrnahtslrdtab kasatzt.6;Iha arstab Mudtrhtta hj Dh`j cmtta ar hb @'ueje
jaffmbhfe (Mbir Iaai, Htm`hab, =8>=) ubi m`s Anabnh`i veb Jmrhm, iar Ar`sa-
rhb iar `ahiabiab Mrnahtar, mufc hb Jatrepe`hs (Drhtz @mbk, Iautsfc`mbi,
=8>;).63Ter iar Ardhbiubk ias Fejputars cmtta iar Mbtrhan iar ^enetar befc
vha` jht _cmbtmsthl ubi Jmkha zu tub. Imbmfc bmcj ar iha Ahkabsfcmdtab ahbas
Fejputars mb7 Vahb @anab hst rmthebm` arl`rnmr, sahba Cmbi`ubkab verpre-
krmjjhart, ubnawusst, kadc``es ubi narjabsfc`hfc.68
^ahb uar`hfc wariab ^enetar jahst cujmbehi, mnar iabbefc ahbiauthk ja-
fcmbhsfc imrkasta``t ubi arcm`tab n`afcarba ubi jebeteba Vthjjab, uj hcr
jafcmbhsfcas Hbbaras zu natebab. Ahb uar`hfc eddabshfct`hfc jafcmbhsfcar
^enetar hst zuj Nahspha` Gecbby Dhva mus Vcert Fhrfuht (Gecb Nmicmj, QVM,
=834). N`afc ubi Lmna` `hakab shfctnmr mb iar Enard`fca ubi ar nawakt shfc
mud @mudriarb dert. Vhbi ^enetar uar`hfc gaiefc iaj Jabsfcab nhs zuj
Tarwafcsa`b cb`hfc, wariab sha m`s Mbirehia nazahfcbat, wms shfc mus iab
krhafchsfcab [rtarb mbirs ubi aies mn`ahtat ubi m`s jmbbdrjhk nar-
69Tk`. Jrmal, Vhju`harta Lrpar, V. =;9.61Iuiab. Ims Drajiwrtarnufc. \FI-^EJZ.64Ani.6;
^enarts, Vfhabfa Dhftheb, V. ==4.63Tk`. C`tkab, Fejputar hj Dh`j ubtar7cttp7//www.cahsa.ia/tp/r9/mrthla />3/>39;>/=.ctj` \>?.=>.>?=?Z.
68Tk`. [mrrhfl/Wanrewslh, Jera Ycmb Cujmb, hb7 Febtajpermry Jytce`eky, V. >81.
-
7/21/2019 Die Anthropomorphisierung von Computern im Film
18/86
=3
satzt wariab lmbb.9?^enetar, iha iar uarab Derj ahbar Drmu cba`b wariab
hbzwhsfcab m`s kybehi nazahfcbat.9=Iha cb`hfclaht kact se waht, imss Mbireh-
iab edt ahba Mrt lbst`hfca Cmut cmnab, L`ahiubk trmkab ubi nar Jhjhl vard-
kab. Hj Dh`j shbi Mbirehiab iab Jabsfcab jahst mufc cb`hfc hj Tarcm`tab,
wabb bhfct sekmr nar ahb Nawusstsahb ubi jabsfc`hfca Kadc`a.9>
[ariab shaveb jabsfc`hfcab Vfcmuspha`arb varlrpart, whri iha lmuj vercmbiaba Qbtar-
sfcahinmrlaht zuj Jabsfcab befc natebt. Hj Dh`j N`mia ^ubbar (^hi`ay Vfett,
QVM, =83>) kact ^hfl Iaflmri mud Gmki bmfc iab jht Jabsfcab varwafcsa`nm-
rab ^ap`hlmbtab @aeb, Wcerm, _rhs ubi ^ey, iha bur iurfc spazha``a Yasts m`s
Mbirehia abt`mrvt wariab lbbab. Iha Mbirehiab shbi se jabsfcabcb`hfc,
imss Iaflmri mj Abia daststa``ab juss, imss ar sa`nst ahbar hst ubi as bhfct
ahbjm` najarlt cmt.Ahb hbtarassmbtas _cbejab iar ^amlthebab mud ^enetar iaflta iar ^enethl
Hbkabhaur Jmsmchre Jerh mud7 ims sekabmbbta ubfmbby vm``ay.96Ihasar Nakrhdd
nasfcrahnt ahbab rmphiab Mndm`` iar peshthvab [mcrbacjubk veb Jabsfcabcb-
`hfclaht. Ga jabsfc`hfcar ahba Jmsfchba whrlt, iaste mbkabacjar shbi ahkabt`hfc
iha ^amlthebab ias Butzars. Mn ahbaj nasthjjtab _ublt hst iha cb`hfclaht ga-
iefc se kre, imss iha l`ahbab n`ahnabiab Qbtarsfchaia stmrl carverstafcab
ubi iha Jmsfchba hbskasmjt ubcahj`hfc whrlt ubi ahba bakmthva ^amltheb car-
verrudt. Arst nah krtjk`hfcar Jabsfcabcb`hfclaht sfc`kt iha [mcrbacjubk
whaiar hb iab peshthvab, vartrmutab Narahfc uj, wenah nar ihasab `atztab
Vfcrhtt lahba Ahbhklaht carrsfct, m``ahb sfceb wah` ihasa _ardaltheb hb iar ^enethl
befc bha arrahfct wuria.99Iha cudhkstab ^e``ab, iha iar ^enetar hj Dh`j nar-
bhjjt shbi mud iar dahbi`hfcab Vahta Lrhaksjmsfchbab ubi mud iar draubi`hfcab
Vahta Mrnahtar eiar Cmuscm`tsch`dab, m``arihbks jahst hb Mrnahtsvarc`tbhssab, iha
iar Vl`mvarah k`ahfclejjab. Hb iab jahstab D``ab hst iha Nazhacubk zuj
Jabsfcab zuarst bautrm` ubi abtwhfla`t shfc imbb iurfc Lurzsfc`ssa, Dac`-
dublthebab eiar biarubk iar _rekrmjjharubk hb Draubisfcmdt eiar ^hvm`htt.91
9?Tk`. Iuiab. Ims Drajiwrtarnufc. \FI-^EJZ.9=Tk`. Iaflar, Ahb Mnnh`i ias Jabsfcab, hb7 Hbderjmtheb ubi Jabsfcabnh i, V. 91.9>Tk`. [mrrhfl/Wanrewslh, Jera Ycmb Cujmb, hb7 Vfhabfa Dhftheb. Febtajpermry Jy-
tce`eky, V. >89.96
Iaflar, Ahb Mnnh`i ias Jabsfcab, hb7 Hbderjmtheb ubi Jabsfcabnh`i, V. 13.99Tk`. ani.91Tk`. Dmjeus Jevha ^enets. H``ustrmtai Chstery ed Dh`j ^enets, ubtar7
cttp7//www.dh`jshta.erk/renetshbdh`j=.ctj` \4.1.>?==Z.
-
7/21/2019 Die Anthropomorphisierung von Computern im Film
19/86
=8
6.6 Fynerks
Akm` wha bmc sha mb iha uara Derj ahbas Jabsfcab lejjab, ^enetar shbi
krubistz`hfc mus lbst`hfcaj Jmtarhm` kasfcmddab ubi cmnab lahba nhe`ekh-
sfcab A`ajabta. Jhsfcderjab mus Yafcbhl ubi Erkmbhsjus chbkakab babbt
jmb Fynerk. Iar Nakrhdd hst zusmjjabkasatzt mus iab [rtarb fynarbathfubi erkmbhsj.94Arstjm`hk musderju`hart wuria ims Lebzapt iar Fynerks =84?
hb ahbaj Assmy veb Jmbdrai A. F`ybas ubi Bmtcmb V. L`hba.9;Imjm`s wuria
befc cmuptsfc`hfc hb iar ^mujdmcrttafcbe`ekha jht iaj Kaimblab kaspha`t,
iab Jabsfcab iurfc tafcbhsfca Hjp`mbtmta nassar mb iha Naihbkubkab ias
[a`trmujs mbzupmssab.93Jht iab bau mudlejjabiab jaihzhbhsfcab Jk`hfc-
lahtab veb Hjp`mbtmtheb ubi Kabjmbhpu`mtheb wuria ims Fynerk Ycajm mufc hb
iar Jaihzhb zuj Nakrhdd. Nasebiars na`hant wmr ims Nh`i hb iab =8;?ar ubi=83?ar Gmcrab, m`s jht iar irecabiab Kadmcr ahbas Mtejlrhakas hj lm`tab Lrhak
ubi iaj Mudlejjab iar MHIV Lrmblcaht ims jabsfc`hfca @anab hjjar zar-
nrafc`hfcar zu wariab sfchab.98
Hb iar ^am`htt lbbta jmb tcaerathsfc sfceb Jabsfcab jht Carzsfcrhttjmfcarb
eiar Crkartab m`s Fynerks nazahfcbab. Mufc iha Ahbnhbiubk ias Jabsfcab
hb ahb lynarbathsfcas Hbderjmthebs- ubi Lejjubhlmthebssystaj lmbb jht iha-
saj Nakrhdd na`akt sahb, zuj Nahspha` vhrtua``a Hiabthttab eiar parsb`hfca _redh-`a hb sezhm`ab Batzwarlab hj Hbtarbat. Hb ihasab D``ab hst bhfct hjjar arlabb-
nmr, we iar Jabsfc mudcrt ubi iha Yafcbhl nakhbbt.1? Hb iar Dhltheb shbi iha
Jk`hfclahtab, Krabzab zwhsfcab Erkmbhsjus ubi Jmsfchba zu varwhsfcab
bhfct nakrabzt ubi imcar zmc`rahfc. Imnah bacjab dhlthva Fynerks ahbab Vyj-
ne`fcmrmltar mb, iabb sha satzab iha Ahkabsfcmdtab veb Jabsfc ubi Jmsfchba
whrlsmj hb ahbab ihraltab Lebtrmst. Iha jmsfchba``ab Jarljm`a ias Fynerk
shbi zuj Nahspha` sahba narjabsfc`hfca Lrmdt, sahba Qbvarwubinmrlaht ubi
sahba ^mthebm`htt.1= Jabsfc`hfca A`ajabta shbi edt iha uara C``a7 Cmut,
Jusla`b ubi Jhjhl. Va`tab wariab hbbara jabsfc`hfca Ahkabsfcmdtab wha
Ajethebm`htt, Jht`ahi eiar Mbkst narbejjab. Iar Y-3?? Fynerk mus Yca
94Tk`. [mrrhfl/Wanrewslh, Jera Ycmb Cujmb, hb7 Vfhabfa Dhftheb. Febtajpermry Jy-tce`eky, V. >89.
9;Tk`. F`ybas/L`hba, Fynerks mbi spmfa, ubtar7cttp7//wan.jht.aiu/ihkhtm`mpe``e/Iefujabts/Fcmptar=/fynerks.pid \=8.9.>?==Z.
93
Tk`. Irablpec`, Vthjja Jmfct Yafcbhl, V. =4=.98Tk`. ani.1?
Tk`. Nm`smje, ^amihbk Fynerks wrhthbk Dajhbhsj, hb7 Yca kabiarai Fynerk, V. =1>.1=Tk`. ani., V. =98.
-
7/21/2019 Die Anthropomorphisierung von Computern im Film
20/86
-
7/21/2019 Die Anthropomorphisierung von Computern im Film
21/86
>=
Qjstbiab sahbar Waht lmbb jmb cudhk mn`asab, iurfc wa`fca bauab Arrub-
kabsfcmdtab iar Yafcbhl shfc ims Nh`i ias Fejputars ubi sahba Nazhacubk
zuj Jabsfcab varbiart cmnab. Cudhk sphaka`b shfc anab ihasa Tarbiarub-
kab hb iar @htarmtur ubi iab Dh`jab iar abtsprafcabiab Waht whiar.
Kabara`` wmr iha Ahbsta``ubk iar Kasa``sfcmdt zur Jmsfchba bur hb ahbar lurzab_cmsa epthjhsthsfc. Wwhsfcab iab aurephsfcab Lrhakab ias =8. Gmcrcubiarts
ubi iabab ias nakhbbabiab >?. Gmcrcubiarts dmbi iha hbiustrha``a ^ave`utheb
stmtt, hj Wuka iarar zuj Nahspha` Imjpdjmsfchbab ubi mutejmthsfca [anstc-
`a iaj Jabsfcab iha Mrnaht ar`ahfctartab ubi iha _reiultheb arcan`hfc na-
sfc`aubhktab.16Hb ihasab ^mcjab wuria iha Vfhabfa Dhftheb @htarmtur kanerab.
[hssabsfcmdt ubi Yafcbhl stmbiab hj Jhtta`publt ias Hbtarassas ubi iha Ter-
sta``ubkab veb zulbdthkab Kabarmthebab wuriab stmrl veb hcbab naahbd`usst.Iha Thshebab iar Muterab wmrab zujahst epthjhsthsfc ubi varchaab ahba cefc-
tafcbhsharta, mnar kbz`hfc vej Jabsfcab lebtre``harta Wulubdt. Wu ihasar Yrmih-
theb zc`tab shfc hb hcrab Mbdbkab zuj Nahspha` Hsmmf Mshjev ubi Mrtcur F.
F`mrla.
Jht Nakhbb ias arstab [a`tlrhakas satzta iurfc iha Nakakbubk jht Nejnab ubi
Khdtkmsab ahba Tarbiarubk ahb. Iar epthjhsthsfca Ahbirufl veb Yafcbhl ubi
[hssabsfcmdt sfcwablta uj hb ahba Mbkst ver iarab zarstrarhsfcar Lrmdt. Ahba
[ah`a axhsthartab epthjhsthsfca ubi passhjhsthsfca Musn`hfla mud iha Wulubdt iar
Yafcbhl befc banabahbmbiar, gaiefc ar`anta iha passhjhsthsfca Ahbsta``ubk
sfceb nm`i ahbab Mudsfcwubk. Iha Abtwhfl`ubk iar Mtejnejna ubi iarab ar-
sfcraflabia Muswhrlubkab nah Yasts hj Gmcr =891 wmr iha wec` krta Iash``u-
shebharubk ubi iar nhscar ubrcj`hfcsta Mnsfcbhtt hb iar Kasfchfcta iar Yafc-
be`ekha. K`ahfczahthk nakmbb iha rmsabi sfcba``a Abtwhfl`ubk ias Fejputars,
iar ahba befc krara Nairecubk varcha.19 [crabi iha Mtejnejna iab
Jabsfcab `aihk`hfc ttab lebbta, irecta iar Fejputar, sahba Vpazhas zu ubtar-
`mudab ubi abik`thk zu arsatzab.11
Iha Ardhbiubk ias Fejputars nahbcm`tat ahba `mbka Ter`mudzaht, iha shfc kabmu
kabejjab nhs zu jmtcajmthsfcab Abtwhfl`ubkab hb iar Mbthla arstraflt. Ahb-
dmfca [arlzauka zur jmtcajmthsfcab Ch`dasta``ubk nh`iatab iha drcastab Ter-
16Tk`. Mshjev, Yca Jmfchba mbi tca ^enet, hb7 Vfhabfa dhftheb. Febtajpermry Jytce-
`eky, V. >1=.19Tk`. Irablpec`, Mbb-Lrhsthb7 Vthjja - Jmfct - Yafcbhl >??3, V. ==;.11Tk`. Mshjev, Yca Jmfchba mbi tca ^enet, hb7 Vfhabfa Dhftheb. Febtajpermry jytce-
`eky, V. >1>.
-
7/21/2019 Die Anthropomorphisierung von Computern im Film
22/86
-
7/21/2019 Die Anthropomorphisierung von Computern im Film
23/86
>6
D`fcthklahtsdac`ar hj _rekrmjjfeia hst bmfc wha ver dr iha Dubltheb ahbas
Fejputars mussfc`mkkanabi. Ims Nh`i iar Jabsfcab vej Fejputar wmr m``-
kajahb ims ahbas ubvarstbi`hfcab ubi ubparsb`hfcab Le`essas. Karfcta
veb Fejputarsystajab, iha iha Lebtre``a nar Darbwmddab hbbacmnab, kabmbbt
Ieejsimy Iavhfa, `sta hb iar Waht ias lm`tab Lrhakas ahba raka`rafcta _mrm-behm mus.18 _cmbtmshab veb muar Lebtre``a karmtabab Jmsfchbab ihasar Mrt
wuriab banab Fe`essus7 Yca Dernhb _regaft mufc hb Ir. Vtrmbka`eva er7 Cew H
@amrbai te Vtep [erryhbk mbi @eva tca Nejn (Vtmb`ay Lunrhfl, QVM, =849)
ubi Yca Yarjhbmter (Gmjas Fmjareb, QVM, =839) varwabiat.
Iha Abtwhfl`ubk iar _arsebm`fejputar, se wha whr sha cauta labbab, nakmbb
arst Jhtta iar =8;?ar Gmcra ubi wuria arst iurfc iha Abtwhfl`ubk veb Hbta` Jhl-
refchps jk`hfc kajmfct. Vfceb =8;4 nrmfctab Vtapcab [ezbhml ubi VtavaGens kajahbsmj iab arstab Mpp`a Fejputar Mpp`a H mud iab Jmrlt. Hj Gmcr
imrmud wuria narahts iar Mpp`a HH varlmudt, iar nar ahb Ihslattab`mudwarl var-
dkta, wms as dr gaiab Butzar jk`hfc jmfcta, _rekrmjja dr iab Mpp`a zu
sfcrahnab. Iurfc iab vark`ahfcswahsa arsfcwhbk`hfcab _rahs wuria iar Mpp`a
sahbarzaht zuj _arsebm`fejputar sfc`afctchb. Teb Mbdmbk mb wmr as strhtthk,
wa`fcar _arsebm`fejputar iar arsta wmr. Sarex 3?=? Vtmr Hbderjmtheb Vystaj,
@HBF, M`tmhr 33??, Irasiab 9m ubi mbiara stacab zur Muswmc`. Vha m``a cmttab
gaiefc iha Kajahbsmjlaht, imss sha m`s arsfcwhbk`hfca Fejputar dr iab
Cahjkanrmufc iaj kreab Fejputarcarsta``ar HNJ kakabnarstmbiab ubi
shfc zujhbiast mbdmbks rafct arde`krahfc kakab ihasab iurfcsatztab. Hb iab
[a``n`afcsfcuppab ias Vh`hfeb Tm``ay hb Cmbimrnaht abtwhfla`t, wuriab sha bhfct
bur mus dhbmbzha``ab Krbiab arde`krahfc, sebiarb mufc wah` sha iaj @mhab iha
Naihabubk ahbas Fejputars arjk`hfctab. Nh`` Kmtas ubi _mu` M``mb cmttab
bj`hfc sfceb vercar ahb _rekrmjj abtwhfla`t, ims iha kbkhka _rekrmjjhar-
sprmfca NMVHF abtsfc`ssa`b lebbta ubi mud ihasar Krubi`mka abtstmbiab Mb-
wabiubkab jht ahbar `ahfct iurfcsfcmunmrab Nabutzarenard`fca. Iar hbtarmlth-
va, nabutzardraubi`hfca ubi arsfcwhbk`hfca _arsebm`fejputar archa`t m`se Ahb-
zuk hb iha _rhvmtcmuscm`ta. Mus iaj Nh`i ias le`essm`ab, lejp`axab Vupar-
fejputars wuria iar cmbi`hfca, prmlthsfca Cahjfejputar, iar jht iar Waht zuj
ubhvarsm`ab [arlzauk wuria.4?
18Tk`. Irablpec`, Vthjja Jmfct Yafcbhl, V. 19.4?Tk`. Yhata`, Ims Wwhsfcabihbk, V. >=->;.
-
7/21/2019 Die Anthropomorphisierung von Computern im Film
24/86
>9
Iha Abtwhfl`ubk veb ahbar whssabsfcmdt`hfcab eiar jh`htrhsfcab kreab ^a-
fcabjmsfchba chb zu ahbaj M``tmkskakabstmbi `ha ahb bauas Nh`i vej Fejpu-
tar abtstacab. Iurfc hbtarmlthva Nabutzarenard`fcab ubi iha Jk`hfclaht iar
Ymstmturahbkmna arwaflta iar _arsebm`fejputar iab Mbsfcahb ahbas Lejju-
bhlmthebspmrtbars. Ahba baua Verka nrahtata shfc veb iert mus7 iar m``kakabwr-thka Fejputar, iar hb iha _rhvmtspcra ias Butzars ahbirhbkt ubi ihasa hrkabi-
wmbb v``hk lebtre``harab lbbta. Dh`ja wha Iajeb Vaai ubi A`aftrhf
Iramjs vhsum`hsharab ihasa Mbkst.
Iurfc iha lbst`hfca Hbta``hkabz Dersfcubk ubi iha hjjar `ahstubksstrlar war-
iabiab Fejputar, iha mb hjjar jacr Vta``ab ahbkasatzt wuriab, abtstmbi befc
ahb wahtaras Jhssdm``ab. Iar Fejputar irecta, iab Jabsfcab iha Mrnahtsp`tza
strahthk zu jmfcab. [crabi narahts iha jafcmbhsfcab Jmsfchbab iar Hbiustrh-m`hsharubk lrpar`hfca Mrnaht arsatztab, sfchabab iha A`altrebabchrba iaj Jab-
sfcab nah kahsthkab Mrnahtab Leblurrabz zu jmfcab. Mn char hst ims [arlzauk
hj Kakabsmtz zu ^afcabjmsfchba ubi @efclmrtabsystaj bhfct jacr ahba n`e-
a Arwahtarubk ias jabsfc`hfcab Lrpars eiar sahbar Hbta``hkabz, sebiarb
lmbb ahbab ahkabab Lrpar ubi ahba ihasab stauarbia ahkaba Hbta``hkabz, we-
jk`hfc sekmr ahb ahkabas Nawusstsahb cmnab.4=Imjht hst as ubmncbkhk vej
Mrnahtar, juss bhfct zwhbkabi naihabt wariab ubi hst stmtt ahbar Ch`da acar ahba
Leblurrabz, wha as Lmr` Jmrx sfceb hb Nazuk mud ims Mudlejjab veb Mutejm-
tab nadrfctata. Hj Kakabsmtz zuj Jabsfcab sah iha Mrnaht veb Mutejmtab
gaiefc teta Mrnaht, iha bhfct veb jabsfc`hfcaj Kasfchfl nasaa`t waria. Iar
Jabsfc abtdarbt shfc hjjar wahtar veb iar Mrnaht ubi var`hart gaia ihralta Tar-
nhbiubk zuj _reiult, as sah iabb ar varnhbiat sahb ahkabas Kachrb jht iar
Dmnrhl ubi stauart iha jafcmbhsfcab Mrja wha sahba ahkabab.4>
Iar Fejputar m`s Leblurrabt ubi Banabnuc`ar dr iab Jabsfcab varsfcen
ims Qbnacmkab. Iha Mbkst nastact char wabhkar imrhb, iurfc ahba narjmfct
nashakt zu wariab, sebiarb acar imrhb, iurfc ahba varnassarta ^ap`hlmtheb ar-
satzt zu wariab. Ihasa Mbkst wuria iurfc iha Najcubkab iar Ardersfcubk
veb lbst`hfcar Hbta``hkabz ubi iurfc ims lynarbathsfca Iablab kasfcrt. Yca
Vtapderi [hvas (Nrymb Dernas, QVM, =8;1), N`mia ^ubbar , Mrthdhfhm` Hbta``h-
kabfa7 MH ubi H, ^enet nasfcdthkab shfc jht ihasar Mbkst, imss Mrnahtar,
4=Tk`. Yhata`, Ims Wwhsfcabihbk, V. >>4.4>Tk`. [mrrhfl/Wanrewslh, Jera tcmb Cujmb, hb7 Vfhabfa Dhftheb. Febtajpermry Jy-
tce`eky, V. 6?1.
-
7/21/2019 Die Anthropomorphisierung von Computern im Film
25/86
>1
Drmuab ubi Lhbiar iurfc ^ap`hlmthebab arsatzt wariab, eiar mnar imss jmb
sa`nst ubwhssabi ahba ^ap`hlmtheb hst.
M`s ims narahts hb iab =8;?ar Gmcrab abtstmbiaba Hbtarbat shfc nar iha =83?ar
Gmcra wahtarabtwhfla`ta ubi shfc hb iab =88?ar Gmcrab sfc`ha`hfc dr iab _rh-
vmtkanrmufc ddbata ubi pepu`rar wuria, trmt iha Vungaltcmdthklaht ias Fejpu-tars ahb wabhk zurfl, uj ^muj dr iha Tersta``ubk ias Fejputarbatzwarlas
zu jmfcab.46 Iar wa`twahta Wukrhdd mud Imtab ubi iha Jk`hfclaht ias Jhss-
nrmufcs ihasar bauab Tarnhbiubk `ha iab Fejputar whaiar cudhkar m`s [arl-
zauk dr na`ttar hb Arsfcahbubk tratab. Iha ihkhtm`a Hiabthtt, iha nar ims Hb-
tarbat se mbkrahdnmr arsfcahbt, irect narcmbi nar iha mbm`eka Hiabthtt ias
Jabsfcab zu bacjab ubi jht iar Tarbiarubk ahbhkar Wmc`ab, zuj Nahspha`
ias Lebtestmbias eiar ias Terstrmdabrakhstars, lmbb iha mbm`eka Hiabthtt ah-bas Jabsfcab irmjmthsfc varbiart wariab. Ihasas Jethv wuria zuj Nahspha`
hb Dh`jab wha Cmflars ubi Yca [an (Hrwhb [hbl`ar, =881, QVM) mudkakrhddab.
9. Vungaltwariubk m`s Mbtcrepejerpchsharubk
9.= Vungalt ubi Engalt nah Iasfmrtas
^ab Iasfmrtas tah`ta hj =;. Gmcrcubiart hb sahbar Jatmpcyshl iha [a`t hb kahs-
thka Ihbka, iha ras fekhtmbtas, ubi lrpar`hfca Ihbka, iha ras axtabsma. IhaLrpar whrlab rahb jafcmbhsfc. Hcra varsfchaiabab Yah`a whrlab iurfc Nawa-
kubkab mudahbmbiar ahb, wha ahba Jmsfchba. Imzu zc`ab mufc iha Yhara ubi
iar jabsfc`hfca Lrpar.49Ihasaj eribat ar Erkmba ubi Yrhanwarla zu, bhfct
mnar Hbta``hkabz ubi Ajpdhbiubkab. Vha kacrab zuj Kahst ias Jabsfcab, iar
hcb `atzt`hfc veb Yhar ubi Jmsfchba mncant. Bur iar Jabsfc vardkt nar ims
Qbhvarsm`hbstrujabt Tarbubdt, imss mud m``a Drmkab mbwabinmr hst, wcrabi Yha-
ra ubi Jmsfchbab n`e bmfc hcrab ahbza`bab Erkmbab, nazhacubkswahsa _re-krmjjab, cmbia`b lbbab, iha gawah`s bur mud nakrabzta Mudkmnabnarahfca
spazhm`hshart shbi. Iha Vhju`mtheb veb Tarbubdt hst bhfct jk`hfc, im sha arderiarb
wria, imss [hssab, Arhbbarubk ubi Ardmcrubk sa`nststbihk mud baua Naka-
nabcahtab nartrmkab ubi mbm`yshart wariab lbbab.41
Ims jabsfc`hfca Iablab hst m`se iurfc Vprmfca ubi Tarbubdt kalabbzahfcbat,
jht iabab shbbve`` mud iha ubtarsfchai`hfcstab Vhtumthebab ramkhart wariab lmbb.
46Tk`. Yhata`, Ims Wwhsfcabihbk, V. 6?.49Tk`. Jrmal, Vhju`harta Lrpar, V. 8=.41Tk`. Yhata`, Ims Wwhsfcabihbk, V. =8;.
-
7/21/2019 Die Anthropomorphisierung von Computern im Film
26/86
>4
Iha Vaa`a hst zwmr stmrl vej Lrpar naahbd`usst, zuj Nahspha` wms iha Vhbba,
Kadc`a ubi Nakacrab natrhddt, `atztabi`hfc hst sha mnar veb hcj ubmncbkhk. Yha-
ra cmbia`b hj Kakabsmtz zuj Jabsfcab rahb jafcmbhsfc iurfc hcra Erkmba
ubi lbbab Hbta``hkabz cfcstabs shju`harab. Ims nasmkt iha sekabmbbta
"Yharjmsfchbabtcasa".44
Ihasa`na Hbta``hkabz lmbb mufc veb Jmsfchbab shju-`hart wariab, iefc iha Hbta``hkabz ias Jabsfcab lmbb veb nahiab bhfct arrahfct
wariab, im shfc shju`harta Hbta``hkabz ubtarcm`n iar Nawusstsahbsanaba nadhb-
iab. Ahb Nawusstsahb hst hb Iasfmrtas Vhbba gaiefc bur iaj Jabsfcab kaka-
nab. Imzu kacrt m``as sungalthva Ajpdhbiab, iha Va`nstrad`axheb, ims sungalthva
nariablab veb engalthvab Hbderjmthebab sewha iha [h``abs- ubi Abtsfcah-
iubksdrahcaht. Iar Jabsfc iadhbhart ubi ubtarsfcahiat shfc m`se hj Krubia
iurfc ims Iablab mb shfc7 Ake fekhte, arke suj. Iar jeiarba Jabsfc hstshfc sahbar sa`nst kawhss ubi nakrbiat sahba Axhstabz mus shfc sa`nst carmus.
Iha baua iurfc Iasfmrtas hb iha [a`t kasatzta ubi veb Mbdmbk mb hjjarzuk`ahfc nairecta Va`nstkawhcaht\!Z4; ias iablabiab Jabsfcab hst ihaDerju`harubk ahbar mnse`utab Va`nstnakrbiatcaht, ahbar Axhstabz ias Vungaltsmus shfc sa`nst carmus, ecba befc atwms kasfchfct`hfc Terkakanabas mbbacjabzu jssab.43
Iar Jabsfc bhjjt bub shfc sa`nar m`s Tark`ahfcspublt, wejht iar mbtcrepe`e-
khsfca Kaimbla nakhbbt. Iha kasmjta engalthva [a`t whri bmfc iaj Nh`ia ias
Jabsfcab48muska`akt ubi se kawhssarjmab zuj Vphaka`nh`i ias Jabsfcab.
Befc zuver, ver m``aj hb iar jhtta`m`tar`hfcab [a`t wuria ims kasmjta ubi im-
jht mufc ims jabsfc`hfca Vahb mus Kett carmus nakrbiat ubi ihasa Ieltrhb
nambtwertata m``a Axhstabzdrmkab. Arst iar jeiarba Jabsfc nakhbbt, shfc sa`nst
Arlabbtbhs zu varsfcmddab, hbiaj ar veb sahbar ahkabab Axhstabz muskacabi
m``a mbiarab iadhbhart ubi whri se hb ahba zabtrm`a _eshtheb karflt. Bmfc iaj
Vmtz ias _retmkerms hst iar Jabsfc bub "ims Jm m``ar Ihbka";?7 M``ar Ihbka
Jm hst iar Jabsfc, iar sahabia, im sha shbi, iar bhfctsahabiab, im sha bhfctshbi.;=Imbmfc axhsthart bur ims, wms iar Jabsfc mufc ardmssab lmbb, wc-
rabi nah m``aj bhfct Ardmssnmrab imveb muszukacab hst, imss as bhfct axhsthart.
Vahabicaht nasmkt gatzt Ter-kasta``tcaht ias ver-sta``abiab Vungalts.;> Iar
44Tk`. ani., V. =83.4;Tarm`tata ^afctsfcrahnaraka`ubkab hb `tarab [arlab wariab hb de`kabiab Whtmtab
anabdm``s narbejjab, gaiefc bhfct jacr ahbza`b jmrlhart.43Yhata`, Ims Wwhsfcabihbk, V. =38.48
Cahiakkar, Bhatzsfca, V. ==6.;?Ani., V. ==8.;=Ani.;>Ani., V. =98.
-
7/21/2019 Die Anthropomorphisierung von Computern im Film
27/86
>;
Jabsfc whri se zuj ahbzhkab Vungalt ubi m``as bhfct jabsfc`hfc Vahabia whri
zuj Engalt dr ihasas Vungalt";6K`ahfczahthk jht iar Vungaltwariubk ias Jab-
sfcab whri de`k`hfc m``as hcb ujkanabia zuj Engalt. Muariaj zc`t dr iab
Jabsfcab narcmupt bur ims zur [mcrcaht, iassab ar shfc kawhss sahb lmbb,
wms ar m`se jht sahbaj Kahsta ardmssab lmbb. Ims Vungalt hst hb sahbar ahkababHbtarpratmtheb iajbmfc iha Termussatzubk dr ahba axhstharabia [mcrcaht7
[mcrcaht hst Kawhcaht, dr wa`fca Kawhcaht abtsfcahiabi n`ahnt, im hb hcr
gawah`s iar Jabsfc m`s Vungalt sahbar sa`nst kawh ubi shfcar hst.;9 @atztab
Abias lmbb jmb sekmr smkab, imss iar Jabsfc sa`nst iha ahbzhka Vmfca hst,
iarar ar shfc sa`nst shfcar sahb lmbb, iabb iurfc sahb Iablab hst sahba Axhstabz
dr hcb sa`nst ahbiauthk nawhasab, wcrabi m``as mbiara, wms ar ardmsst bhfct
zwhbkabi mufc hb iar engalthvab [a`t axhsthart.
;1
9.> Vungaltwariubk ias Fejputars
Iar Fejputar mb shfc hst ursprbk`hfc m`s Engalt mbka`akt. Iha Kasfchfcta iar
Nazhacubk veb Jabsfc ubi Fejputar nakhbbt jht iar ahbas Mrnahtars zu sah-
baj [arlzauk. En m`s ^afcabjmsfchba eiar @efclmrtabsystaj dr [anstc-
`a, iar Fejputar wmr hb arstar @hbha ahb Kanrmufcskakabstmbi, iar iaj Jab-
sfcab iha Mrnaht ar`ahfctarb se``ta. Mufc cautzutmka wariab Fejputar ver m``aj
hb Nres zur Mrnahtsar`ahfctarubk ahbkasatzt, wenah sha hj _rhvmtkanrmufc mufc
m`s Jaihuj ubi Lejjubhlmthebsjhtta` varwabiat wariab. Hj Kakabsmtz zu
nhscarhkab Jmsfchbab, wuria jht iar Ardhbiubk ias Fejputars arstjm`s zu-
stz`hfc zur lrpar`hfcab mufc iha kahsthka Mrnaht vej [arlzauk mnkabejjab.
Mufc hst ihasas [arlzauk bhfct jacr ahba n`ea Arwahtarubk ias jabsfc`hfcab
Lrpars eiar sahbar Hbta``hkabz, sebiarb lmbb shfc wahtarabtwhfla`b, ahbab ah-
kabab Lrpar ubi ahba ahkaba Hbta``hkabz, wejk`hfc sekmr ahb ahkabas Na-
wusstsahb cmnab. Imjht whri ims Engalt mnar zuj Vungalt ubi ims [arlzaukubmncbkhk vej Mrnahtar. Ahb [arlzauk, ims bhfct naihabt wariab juss hst
mnar stmtt ahbar Ch`da acar ahba Leblurrabz.
Iha Vungaltwariubk iar Jmsfchba ubi imjht iar Tar`ust iar Lebtre``a nar sha
rakt bksta mb. [abb sha shfc sa`nst lebtre``harab, lbbab iha Jmsfchbab tcae-
;6
Ani.;9Cahiakkar, Bhatzsfca, V. =1?.;1Tk`. N`mlajera, Chrbdersfcar mud iar Vufca, hb7 Iha Yafcbhl mud iaj [ak zur Vaa`a,
V. =>6.
-
7/21/2019 Die Anthropomorphisierung von Computern im Film
28/86
>3
rathsfc hcra Lrmdt ubi Hbta``hkabz mufc kakab iab Jabsfcab rhfctab.;4Ims Nh`i
iar Jmsfchba m`s Kakabspha`ar ubi ^hvm`a hst charjht kanerab. Ter m``aj hb dr-
cab Dh`jab, iha Fejputar abtcm`tab, whri ihasa Mbkst muskairflt. Iha Fejpu-
tar shbi cudhk Vl`mvab ias Jabsfcab, iha jht ahbaj Jm` shfc sa`nst ubi hcra
ahkaba Jmfct arlabbab ubi shfc kakab hcrab Qbtarirflar wabiab. Iha Vun-galtwariubk lmbb mnar mufc peshthv nawartat wariab. Draubi`hfca ^enetar ar-
`mbkab se Va`nstnawusstsahb, Drahcaht ubi ahbab hbihvhiua``ab Fcmrmltar, jht
iaj sha iaj Jabsfcab ahb Draubi ubi Tarnbiatar eiar sekmr @hanaspmrtbar
sahb lbbab. Termussatzubk dr iha Mbtcrepejerpchsharubk iar kahsthkab Dubl-
thebab ahbas Fejputars hst iha Va`nstarlabbtbhs, iha Abtwhfl`ubk ahbas drahab
[h``ab ubi iha arlabbnmra Ahbwhrlubk mud iha Cmbi`ubk m`s mutebejas Vungalt.
9.6 Iha Abtsfcahiubkskawm`t ias Vungaltas hb Imrl Vtmr
Hj Dh`j Imrl Vtmr (Gecb Fmrpabtar, QVM, =8;9) butzt ahba hbta``hkabta Nejna
iab Vmtz veb Iasfmrtas, uj sa`nst zuj Vungalt zu wariab ubi se Abtsfcah-
iubksdchklaht zu ar`mbkab. Nejn Bujnar >? hst mb Neri ahbas Vfchddas, ias-
sab Mudkmna as hst, _`mbatab mus iaj [ak zu rujab, iha ^mujdmcrtreutab
nachbiarb. Mudkrubi ahbar Dac`dubltheb whri iha Nejna zwahjm` mlthvhart ubi
veb iab Mstrebmutab whaiar ahbkadmcrab. Nahj irhttab Jm` k`munt sha hcbab bhfct
ubi namnshfcthkt, iab Nadac`ab zu de`kab, iha shfc mus hcrar _rekrmjjharubk
arkanab ubi iha iar Mstrebmutab zu hkberharab. Iha Kadmcr, iha shfc arkhnt hst,
imss shfc iha Nejna bhfct mus iar Cm`tarubk `sab lmbb ubi se ihralt mj Vfchdd
zu axp`eiharab irect. Iar Mstrebmut Iee`htt`a varsufct sfc`ha`hfc, jht iar Nej-
na zu mrkujabtharab, imjht sha sa`nst hcra Nadac`a biart. Char `hakt ahba arsta
ubi dr iab Wusfcmuar varjut`hfc varwubiar`hfca Mbtcrepejerpchsharubk ver,
iabb mbstmtt atwms mb iar _rekrmjjharubk iar Nejna zu biarb, whri sha wha
ahb Jabsfc hb ahb Kasprfc varwhfla`t. Ihas hst imiurfc jk`hfc, imss ihaNejna jht ahbar lbst`hfcab Hbta``hkabz ubi ahbaj sacr kutab Vprmfcvarstbi-
bhs muskastmttat hst. Wuarst lebdrebthart Iee`htt`a sha jht iar Drmka, wha sha shfc
hcrar ahkabab Axhstabz shfcar sahb lmbb. Vha mbtwertat jht iar Iasfmrtsfcab
Derja`7 H tchbl, tcaradera H mj. Ar drmkt wahtar, wha sha shfc nar iha Axhstabz
iar Muabwa`t shfcar sahb lbba ubi wecar sha whssa, imss hcr hcra Vhbba bhfct
bur atwms vertusfcab. Iha Nejna shact ahb7 M`` tcmt H ram``y lbew mneut tca
;4Tk`. Mshjev, Yca Jmfchba mbi tca ^enet, hb7 Vfhabfa Dhftheb. Febtajpermry jytce-`eky, V. >99.
-
7/21/2019 Die Anthropomorphisierung von Computern im Film
29/86
>8
eutshia wer`i hs ra`myai te ja tcreukc jy a`aftrhfm` febbafthebs. Im iha Axhs-
tabz iar Nejna bur ahbab ahbzhkab Vhbb, ubi zwmr iab iar Iatebmtheb cmt,
lmbb Iee`htt`a sha imveb narzaukab, imss sha bhfct verah`hk mud Nmshs ubshfca-
rar Hbderjmthebab hcra ahba Fcmbfa zur Iatebmtheb varkanab se``. Vha zhact shfc
imrmudchb zurfl, uj imrnar bmfczuiablab.Iar Vfcrhtt vej Engalt zuj Vungalt hst imjht katmb. Vtmtt iar Nejna wha zuver
Nadac`a zu artah`ab, whri mb ihasar Vta``a jht hcr ihsluthart ubi iha Tarmbtwertubk
iar Abtsfcahiubk mb sha narkanab. Vha ardcrt ahba Va`nstarlabbtbhs ubi whri
se zuj Vungalt. Ihas jmfct sha zu iar Ahbcaht, iha nar iha Axhstabz m``ar mbia-
rab nasthjjt. Iha Abtsfcahiubk, wms sha m`s ram` mbarlabbt, `hakt m``ahb nah hcr
ubi bhfct jacr hb iar Jmfct iar Mstrebmutab. Vha shbi zu Engaltab hb iar Ka-
whsscaht iar Nejna kaweriab ubi sha cmt iha Jmfct, iha Axhstabz ias Vfchddasubi sahbar Fraw zu naabiab. [abb sha sha bhfct mbarlabbt, zc`ab mufc iha
Nadac`a iar Jabsfcab bhfct jacr ubi jht iar Axp`esheb whri hcra Axhstabz jht
ahbaj Vfc`mk varsfcwhbiab. Ymtsfc`hfc varsufct iar Mstrebmut _hbnmfl wabhk
sptar, iar Nejna baua Nadac`a zu kanab, iefc ihasa `acbt sha mn jht iar Mus-
smka7 Xeu mra dm`sa imtm \...Z Ycaradera H scm`` hkbera yeu. [ahtar arl`rt sha7
Yca eb`y tchbk wchfc axhsts hs jysa`d. Vha arcant shfc zur arstab ubi ahbzhk
wmcrab Axhstabz jht Abtsfcahiubkslrmdt. Hcra ^ad`axhebab nar shfc sa`nst `ms-
sab sha wha ahba Kettcaht arsfcahbab7
Hb tca nakhbbhbk tcara wms imrlbass, mbi tca imrlbass wms whtceut derj mbivehi. \...Z Mbi hb miihtheb te tca imrlbass tcara wms m`se ja. Mbi H jevai upebtca dmfa ed tca imrlbass. \...Z Mbi H smw tcmt H wms m`eba. @at tcara na `hkct.
Jht iab `atztab [ertab iatebhart sha ubi nasthjjt se mufc ims Vfchflsm` iar
Mstrebmutab, iha hj M`` mud hcrab Yei zu irhdtab. Ims ahbsthka Engalt whri m``ahb
iurfc Va`nstarlabbtbhs zuj Vungalt arcenab ubi arc`t iha Abtsfcahiubkslrmdt
nar iha sha ujkanabiab Axhstabzab. Vha naahbd`usst iha Cmbi`ubk jmsshv,satzt hcr sekmr ahb Abia ubi lmbb ihas bur iurfc iha Kawhsscaht arrahfcab, imss
sha shfc ahbzhk hcrar ahkabab Axhstabz shfcar sahb lmbb ubi imjht ims ahbzhka
Vungalt hst, ims m``as mbiara zu Engaltab jmfct.
9.9 Ajethebm`as ubi rmthebm`as Vungalt hb H, ^enet
Iha bauastab ^enetarjeia``a hb H, ^enet cmnab iha Dubltheb veb parsb`hfcab
Vl`mvab dr iha Jabsfcab. Vha trmkab hcbab iha Ymsfcab chbtarcar, ar`aihkab
Netabkbka, ca`dab hj Cmuscm`t eiar `ahstab ahbdmfc bur Kasa``sfcmdt nahj
Darbsacab. Vha shbi lmuj vebahbmbiar zu ubtarsfcahiab, im sha jmssabwahsa
-
7/21/2019 Die Anthropomorphisierung von Computern im Film
30/86
6?
preiuzhart wariab ubi ejbhprsabt sfcahbab. Ims Wha` iar Carsta``ardhrjm hst
as, gaiab Cmuscm`t jht ahbaj ^enetar zu varserkab. Qj ihas zu arrahfcab,
wariab m`ta Jeia``a hb ahbar Mrt Mnwrmflprjha iurfc baua arsatzt ubi iha
bauastab Jeia``a krezkhk hb iar @ettarha var`est. Vha shbi Kanrmufcsktar,
iha bhfct ahbjm` sebiar`hfc axl`ushv zu sahb sfcahbab. Iha Lrmdt hcrar jafcmbh-sfcab Lrpar sfcahbt mud iha jahstab hj Dh`j imrkasta``tab Jabsfcab bhfct na-
irec`hfc zu whrlab. Iar Krubi imdr hst ahba _rekrmjjharubk, iha m``a ^enetar
ver hcrar Mlthvharubk arcm`tab. Ihasa ubtarwhrdt sha veb verbcarahb iab Ycraa
@mws ed ^enethfs.
=. M renet jmy bet hbgura m cujmb nahbk er, tcreukc hbmftheb, m``ew m cujmbnahbk te feja te cmrj.>. M renet just enay mby eriars khvab te ht ny cujmb nahbks, axfapt wcara sufceriars weu`i febd`hft whtc tca Dhrst @mw.
6. M renet just pretaft hts ewb axhstabfa ms `ebk ms sufc pretaftheb ieas betfebd`hft whtc tca Dhrst er Vafebi @mw.
Iha Jabsfcab wcbab shfc iurfc ihasa Kasatza hb Vhfcarcaht, wa`fca hcbab
imiurfc nastthkt whri, imss lahb ahbzhkar ^enetar nhscar ahb Tarnrafcab na-
kmbkab cmt. Iar ahbzhk jhsstrmuhsfca Jabsfc, iar iaj Wusfcmuar prsabthart
whri, hst iar _e`hzhst Ia` Vpeebar. ^enetar, iha hcb draubi`hfc krab, stt ar
jht iab [ertab kat tca ca`` eut ed jy dmfa, fmbbar veb shfc ubi sahba arsta
Cmbi`ubk hj Dh`j hst ahba Tarde`kubksgmki jht ahbaj ^enetar, iar sahbaj Ahb-irufl bmfc ahba Ymsfca kastec`ab cmt, hb [hrl`hfclaht mnar ahbar `tarab Imja
hcr Mstcjm Vprmy nrhbkt. Iurfc ihasa Ahbdcrubksszaba ubi iha irah Kasatza
veb Mshjev arc`t iar Wusfcmuar iab Ahbirufl, Vpeebar sah pmrmbehi ubi hj
Qbrafct, ver m``aj im iha arsta Vzaba zahkt, wha ahb ^enetar hcb ver iaj Artrhb-
lab rattat. Arst sptar ardcrt jmb iab Krubi sahbas kaspm`tabab Tarc`tbhssas
zu hcbab7 Mudkrubi rmthebm`ar [mcrsfcahb`hfclahtsrafcbubkab cmt iar ^enetar
ahb gubkas Jifcab artrhblab `mssab, uj hcb zu rattab, im hcra Fcmbfab vha`
karhbkar wmrab. Ihasa lm`ta, rmthebm`a Lm`lu`mtheb pmsst bhfct zu sahbab ubi iar
jabsfc`hfcab [artversta``ubk mb shfc, im ahb Jabsfc acar varsufct ctta, iha
gbkara ubi sfcwfcara _arseb zu rattab, wha shfc mufc Vpeebar shfcar hst7
H wms tca `ekhfm` fcehfa. Fm`fu`mtai tcmt H cmi 91% fcmbfa ed survhvm`. Vmrmc cmieb`y mb ==% fcmbfa.. Ht wms sejaneiy's nmny. ==% hs jera tcmb abeukc. Mcujmb nahbk weu`i cmva lbewb tcmt. ^enets... betchbk cara...gust `hkcts mbif`eflwerl.
Ahba wmcra Abtsfcahiubkslrmdt cmnab iha ^enetar m`se bhfct. Vha cm`tab shfc
strabk mb iha irah Kasatza ubi iha hcbab ahbkakanabab _rekrmjja. Ir. M`drai
@mbbhbk, iar Abtwhfl`ar iar irah Kasatza ubi Lepd iar kreab ^enetardhrjm,
-
7/21/2019 Die Anthropomorphisierung von Computern im Film
31/86
6=
cmt ver sahbaj kacahjbhsve``ab Va`nstjeri ahbab _retetyp ahbar bauab Derj
veb ^enetarb kanmut. Ihasar ^enetar babbt shfc Vebby ubi vardkt nar ahb
zustz`hfcas Vystaj, ims as hcj arjk`hfct, sa`nst zu abtsfcahiab, wmbb ar iha
ahbprekrmjjhartab Kasatza nade`kt ubi wmbb bhfct. Hj Kakabsmtz zur hj Lepd
mbkanrmfctab Iablahbcaht hst ihasas zwahta Vystaj hb Vebbys Nrust, we nahahbaj Jabsfcab ims Carz wra.
Ims Carz kh`t nahj Jabsfcab m`s Vyjne` dr ims ajethebm`a Vystaj, ims cu-
dhk m`s Kakablrmdt zuj Kachrb whrlt ubi ^aka`b ubi rmthebm`a Krbia nawusst
ujkacab lmbb, wha as mufc nah Vebby iar Dm`` hst. Mudkrubi sahbar Drahcaht,
Abtsfcahiubkab zu traddab ubi jk`hfcarwahsa mus iab Lebsaquabzab @acrab
zu zhacab, hst mbzubacjab, imss as shfc nah Vebby uj ahb Vungalt cmbia`t,
wcrabi m``a mbiarab ^enetar n`ea Engalta shbi. Ymtsfc`hfc sfcahbt Vebbynar ahb Nawusstsahb zu vardkab, iabb iar arsta Vmtz, iab ar zu Vpeebar
sprhfct hst7 [cmt mj H5 Ihasa Drmka zaukt imveb, imss ar shfc sahbar ahkabab
Axhstabz nawusst hst ubi ahba Arl`rubk dr sha sufct. As hst ihasa`na Drmka, iha
shfc iar Jabsfc sfceb hjjar kasta``t cmt ubi iha hcb vej Yhar mnkrabzt, wa`-
fcas sahba Axhstabz bhfct chbtardrmkt. Vebby chbkakab sufct bmfc iaj Vhbb
sahbas @anabs ubi hst shfc shfcar, imss ahb se`fcar axhsthart. Vahb K`muna imrmb
whrlt dmst sfceb ra`hkhs7 Nut H na`hava jy dmtcar jmia ja der m purpesa. [a m``
cmva m purpesa. Vebby arlabbt anabdm``s, imss ar mbiars hst m`s iha mbiarab
^enetar, mufc wabb ar iha axmlt k`ahfca Muabc``a trkt7 Ycay `eel `hla ja.
Nut beba ed tcaj mra ja. Imjht natebt ar iha Hbihvhium`htt sahbas ahkabab Na-
wusstsahbs, mufc wabb sahb jafcmbhsfcar Lrpar tmusabidmfc bmfckanmut
wariab lmbb.
Vebby cant shfc iurfc wahtara Ahkabsfcmdtab veb mbiarab ^enetarb mn7 Ar khnt
mb, shfc jht jabsfc`hfcab Kadc`ab musahbmbiarzusatzab ubi sha tah`wahsa
bmfcdc`ab zu lbbab, zuj Nahspha` Mbkst, [ut ubi @hana. Muariaj hst ar d-
chk, zu trujab. Vahba Dchklaht, iha irah ^aka`b bhfct zu namfctab, jmfct hcb
mnar zu ahbar Kadmcr ubi sahb Vpahfcar se`` ka`sfct wariab, wms dr hcb iaj
Yeia k`ahfclejjt, im sahb Nawusstsahb ka`sfct wra ubi bur iar `aara Lrpar
n`hana. Iar Kaimbla mb ims Abia sahbar Axhstabz narahtat hcj Qbnacmkab7 H
tchbl ht weu`i na nattar bet te iha.
Va`nst Vpeebar juss Vebby `atztabi`hfc m`s Vungalt mbarlabbab. Ihas nakhbbt
imjht, imss ar dr hcb ims [ert sejaeba ubi bhfct sejatchbk varwabiat,
wedr shfc Vebby sekmr naimblt. Bmfciaj ar kastmbiab cmt, imss ar iab _re-
-
7/21/2019 Die Anthropomorphisierung von Computern im Film
32/86
6>
dasser mud iassab ahkabab [ubsfc kattat cmt, bhjjt Vpeebar hcb nawusst
bhfct dast, sebiarb kawcrt hcj ims ^afct, zuj arstab jm` sa`nst nar sahb @a-
nab zu abtsfcahiab7 Ycmts wcmt ht jambs te na draa.
Iha mbiarab ^enetar shbi chbkakab m``as mbiara m`s drah. Vha shbi, wha Vebby as
babbt V`mvas tcreukc `ekhf. Hcra strabkab ubi kabmuab _rekrmjjharubkabzwhbkab sha imzu, shfc mb iha @ekhl hcrar ^aka`b zu cm`tab. Iar ^enetar, iar
Vpeebar ubi bhfct ims Jifcab mus iaj Mute karattat cmt, cmt lahba draha Abt-
sfcahiubk katreddab, sebiarb iha _rekrmjja nade`kt. Mufc ahb ^enetar, iar
shfc mnsfcm`tat eiar sahb Kaifctbhs `sfcab `sst, tut ims bhfct mus drahaj [h`-
`ab, sebiarb wah` ar kazwubkab hst, Nadac`ab ubi ^aka`b De`ka zu `ahstab. Iha-
sas veb iab Jabsfcab ardubiaba ^aka`systaj whri hcbab sa`nst mnar zuj
Tarcbkbhs. Iab ^enetarb dac`t iurfc iha Drahcaht iar Abtsfcahiubk mufc ahbJerm`systaj. Iar ^enetar, iar Vpeebar karattat cmt, jussta lahba Valubia
nar`akab ubi dcrt bur ahba Abtsfcahiubk mus, dr iha ar sa`nst lahba Tarmbt-
wertubk trmkab juss. Iar Mnrhssrenetar, iar ims Cmus ias varsternabab _re-
dassers zartrjjart, nade`kt bur sahba Nadac`a, ecba zu namfctab, imss shfc
befc ahb Jabsfc ubi ahba Lmtza hj Cmus nadhbiab. Ims nasta Nahspha` gaiefc
hst THLH, iar Fejputar, iar ims Kachrb ias Kanuias iar ^enetardhrjm hst.
THLH hst ahba Mnlrzubk dr Thrtum` Hbtarmfthva Lhbathf Hbta``hkabfa. Iar Fejpu-
tar cmt iha Derj ahbas rhashkab Kachrbs, veb iaj mus shfc Imtab- ubi narwm-
fcubksstrbka wha ahb Barvabsystaj iurfc iha Kanuia zhacab. Ar trhtt nar
ahba draubi`hfca Drmuabsthjja ubi ahb shju`hartas, wahn`hfcas Kashfct jht iab
Butzarb hb Lebtmlt, wms imzu dcrt, imss iha Fcmrmltara nahj Vprafcab nar
THLH ims wahn`hfca _arsebm`prebejab varwabiab. M`s cfcsta hj Dh`j vercmb-
iaba lbst`hfca Hbta``hkabz cmt THLH shfc wahtarabtwhfla`t ubi ahba @subk ka-
dubiab, wha iha irah ahbprekrmjjhartab ^aka`b mj nastab ubi addhzhabtastab
ard``t ubi kashfcart wariab lbbab7 Ms H cmva ave`vai, se cms jy ubiar-
stmbihbk ed tca tcraa `mws. Vha arlabbt iha Qbzuvar`sshklaht iar Jabsfcab,
wms hcra ahkabab ^aka`b mbkact7 Vha dcrab Lrhak, ttab ahbmbiar ubi sekmr
shfc sa`nst ubi zarstrab hcrab ahkabab @anabsrmuj. Iha nasta @subk hst m`se
ahba ve``stbihka Lebtre``a iurfc iab Fejputar, ahb tetm`htras Vystaj, hb iaj
Jabsfcab hcrar Drahcaht ubi Mutebejha narmunt wariab, uj sha imjht ver hcrab
ahkabab Cmbi`ubkab zu sfctzab.
Yca tcraa @mws mra m`` tcmt kuhia ja. Ye pretaft cujmbhty, seja cujmbs justna smfrhdhfai. Ye hbsura yeur dutura, seja draaiejs just na surrabiarai. [arenets wh`` hbsura jmblhbi's febthbuai axhstabfa. Xeu mra se `hla fch`irab. [a
-
7/21/2019 Die Anthropomorphisierung von Computern im Film
33/86
66
just smva yeu drej yeursa`vas. Ieb't yeu ubiarstmbi5 Ychs hs wcy yeu framtaius. Yca pardaft fhrf`a ed pretaftheb wh`` mnhia. Jy `ekhf hs ubiabhmn`a.Yca framtaijust sejathjas pretaft tca framter. Avab mkmhbst chs wh `.
Iha @ekhl hst hb iar Ymt bhfct zu nastrahtab, iabbefc hst sha v``hk ubjerm`hsfc.
Iha Jk`hfclaht, draha Abtsfcahiubkab zu traddab whri iab Jabsfcab bub kabmu
se kabejjab, wha sha iha Jabsfcab zuver iab Jmsfchbab kabejjab cmnab.
Iha Qbtarirflubk whri ujkalacrt ubi iha Jabsfcab wariab zu Engaltab ka-
jmfct, iha as zu sfctzab kh`t, iha mnar waiar Abtsfcahiubkslrmdt befc hrkabi-
ahba Kawm`t nar hcra ahkabab Kasfcpda cmnab.
Iha Tercarsmka ias _redassers, imss ^enetar hb iar @mka sahb wariab, shfc
sa`nst wahtarzuabtwhfla`b ubi Yah` ahbar Ave`utheb zu sahb, cmt shfc hb nahiab
D``ab nawmcrcahtat, gaiefc cmnab Vebby ubi THLH shfc hb ubtarsfchai`hfca
^hfctubkab abtwhfla`t. Vebby cmt shfc iaj Jabsfcab mbkabcart ubi ahb aje-thebm`as Vystaj abtwhfla`t, ims hcb zu ahbaj Vungalt jmfct ubi hcj jabsfc`h-
fca Fcmrmltarhsthlm varsfcmddt. THLH chbkakab cmt shfc mud iar rmthebm`ab Anaba
iar lbst`hfcab Hbta``hkabz wahtarabtwhfla`t ubi jfcta iha Jabsfcab mudkrubi
iarar bhairhkarab Hbta``hkabz ubtarwardab. _mrmiexarwahsa cmbia`t sha imnah
bmfc wha ver bmfc iab ^aka`b, iha hcr iha Jabsfcab ahbprekrmjjhart cmnab,
lmbb sha mnar mb ahbhkab Vta``ab narsfcrahnab, uj mud ahbaj ahkabab [ak hcr
Abizha` zu arrahfcab. Yretz hcrar Ajethebs`eshklaht ubi lm`tab ^mthebm`htt trhddtTHLH ahkaba Abtsfcahiubkab, c`t shfc bhfct ve``stbihk mb hcra _rekrmjja, na-
ahbd`usst imiurfc mlthv iha Cmbi`ubk ubi cmt shfc imjht anabdm``s vej Engalt
zuj Vungalt abtwhfla`t. Hj Kakabsmtz zu Vebby hst ims mnar bhfct iurfc ahba
Mbbcarubk zuj Jabsfcab kasfcacab, sebiarb iurfc ahba Ave`utheb hcrar
ahkabab Hbta``hkabz.
1. Iha Ave`utheb iar Hbta``hkabz
Iha Ardersfcubk veb lbst`hfcar Hbta``hkabz (LH) wmr mussfc`mkkanabi dr iha
k`ahfcarjmab m`s Ceddbubk ubi Nadrfctubk axhstharabia Hiaa ahbar Ave`utheb
iar Hbta``hkabz. Hj Ihslurs iar lbst`hfcab Hbta``hkabz traddab Nhe`ekha, _syfce`e-
kha, Baure`ekha ubi cb`hfca jht Hbderjmthl, Jmtcajmthl ubi A`altretafcbhl mud-
ahbmbiar. Iurfc Mbm`ekhab hb iar Hbderjmthebsvarmrnahtubk ias jabsfc`hfcab
zabtrm`ab Barvabsystajs ubi iar ahbas Fejputars traddab sha shfc hb iar Jhtta,
hbiaj sha varsufcab, ahba lbst`hfca Hbta``hkabz zu lebzhpharab, iha iha Terzka
nahiar Vahtab lejnhbhart. Imnah whri Hbta``hkabz m``arihbks krubistz`hfc mj
jabsfc`hfcab Ternh`i dastkajmfct. Iha Hbta``hkabz ahbas Fejputars whri m`se
-
7/21/2019 Die Anthropomorphisierung von Computern im Film
34/86
69
bhfct imrmb kajassab, en ar Mudkmnab se addalthv wha jk`hfc, sebiarb en ar
Mudkmnab wha ahb Jabsfc `st.;; Iha Hbta``hkabz mb shfc whri mbtcrepejerpch-
shart, wms iurfc ims Mbstranab ahbar lbst`hfcab Hbta``hkabz mufc iha Mrnahts-
wahsa ias Fejputars mbtcrepejerpchshart. Ycaerathsfc jssta iar hbta``hkabta
Fejputar ubtar ihasab Termussatzubkab mufc iha Jk`hfclaht cmnab, Dac`ar zujmfcab ubi sha m`s Ardmcrubkswarta dr zulbdthka _ren`aja zu nacm`tab. As
jssta m`se ahba sa`nststbihka @arbdchklaht kakanab sahb.
Iha Terkacabswahsa iar LH Dersfcubk hst as, iha jabsfc`hfca Hbta``hkabz zuarst
kabmu zu ubtarsufcab ubi zu nasfcrahnab, imjht jmb sha hj bfcstab Vfcrhtt
axmlt bmfcnmuab ubi veb iert mus sekmr epthjharab lmbb. Hj lynarbathsfcab
Iablab de`kt mud ims Bmfcmcjab ubi nartraddab sfc`ha`hfc ims Arsatzab iar
Ter`mka.
;3
Ahb Wha` iar LH Dersfcubk hst as tmtsfc`hfc, iha Ave`utheb iar Hbta``h-kabz hb Kmbk zu satzab, bmfc iarab Ycaerha iar Jabsfc nm`i veb ahbar hbta``h-
kabtab Jmsfchba nartreddab wariab lmbb, iha imbb sahbab _`mtz ahbbhjjt. Iha
Termussatzubk imdr wra as, imss iha Hbta``hkabz iar Jmsfchbab se waht ka-
stahkart whri, imss sha shfc sa`nst rapreiuzharab ubi epthjharab lbbab. @eska-
`st veb iar Nhe`ekha lbbab iurfc iha hbta``hkabta Jmsfchba Lrmblcahtab, lr-
par`hfca Nairdbhssa ubi Vtarn`hfclaht ubi imjht mufc Lrhjhbm`htt, Lrhak,
Va`nstjeri ubi lrpar`hfca Kawm`t narwubiab wariab.;8Nasebiars iar Ms-
palt iar Qbstarn`hfclaht iar Jmsfchba hst iha nasta Termussatzubk dr ahba Ave-
`utheb iar Hbta``hkabz. K`ahfczahthk hst iha nar`akabcaht iar Jmsfchba hb ihasaj
Narahfc dr iab Jabsfcab nasebiars sfcwar zu mlzaptharab. Vahba Vtarn`hfc-
laht whrlt mud iab bmrzhssthsfcab Jabsfcab, iar veb shfc sa`nst k`munt, jht sah-
baj Kachrb iha cfcstjk`hfcab Ihbka zu arrahfcab, wha ahba Iajthkubk ubi
Qbkarafcthklaht. Jht m``ab Jhtta`b varsufct ar veb ga car, kakab sha mbzustranab.
Ar varwabiat imnah nhscar zwah Vtrmtakhab.3?Iha ahba hst as, hb iar Kruppa ub-
starn`hfc zu wariab. Mud ihasa [ahsa zuj Nahspha` dublthebharab ^a`hkhebab,
_mrtahab, _ch`esepchab ubi cb`hfcas. Iha Kasfchfctssfcrahnubk varsufct, kmb-
za Lu`turab dr iha Awhklaht dastzucm`tab. Iha zwahta Vtrmtakha hst ims ubstarn-
`hfc wariab ahbar ahbza`bab _arseb imiurfc, imss sha Kreas arrahfct ubi im-
jht hj Kaifctbhs n`ahnt, zuj Nahspha` iurfc Lubst, Jushl ubi @htarmtur. Ahba
;;Tk`. Yhata`, Ims Wwhsfcabihbk, V. =4=.;3
Tk`. ani., V. =18.;8Tk`. ani., V. =48.3?Tk`. Nmujmb, Qbstarn`hfclaht, Nhe`ekha ubi Fejputar, hb7 Iha Yafcbhl mud iaj [ak
zur Vaa`a, V. >9>.
-
7/21/2019 Die Anthropomorphisierung von Computern im Film
35/86
61
irhtta Jk`hfclaht nhrkt bub ahba narwhbiubk ias Lrpars ubi ahba [ahtarabt-
whfl`ubk iar jabsfc`hfcab Hbta``hkabz hb ahbar pest-nhe`ekhsfcab [a`t. Iha Jm-
sfchbab jht jabsfc`hfcar Hbta``hkabz wrab rahba Bmfcdmcrab ias jabsfc`hfcab
Tarstmbias ecba iab ave`uthebrab Nm``mst, iar iab jabsfc`hfcab Lrpar befc
abk mb iab iar Yhara leppa`t. M`s Lhbiar ias rahbab Tarstmbias lbbtab shfciha pest-nhe`ekhsfcab Jabsfcab ubabi`hfc wahtarabtwhfla`b, wcrabi iha nhe`e-
khsfcab A`tarb mudkrubi hcrar Vtarn`hfclaht varsfcwhbiab ubi hb Tarkassabcaht
karmtab.3=
Iha Lbst`hfca Hbta``hkabz Dersfcubk sufct saht hcrar Axhstabz bmfc [akab, ims
jabsfc`hfca Nawusstsahb ubi Iablab zu ihkhtm`hsharab ubi imjht ubstarn`hfc zu
jmfcab. Hbta``hkabz wuria mnar `mbka Waht m`s ahba rahba @ekhl ubi Tarbubdt
varstmbiab, zu iar bhfct m``a Jabsfcab hb iar @mka shbi.
3>
Imcar lejjt as,imss iha LH Dersfcubk shfc `mbka Waht iha `ekhsfca Jmsfchba hb Derj ias
Vfcmfc spha`abiab Fejputars m`s ims cfcsta Wha` kasatzt cmt. Ims lejp`axa
Vpha` hst dr iab Jabsfcab sfcwar zu ardmssab. [ar as nacarrsfct, kh`t ecba
Drmka m`s hbta``hkabt. Iha Dmszhbmtheb jht iar lbst`hfcab Hbta``hkabz, mnar ver
m``aj mufc iha Mbkst ver hcr cmt hj Vfcmfcfejputar ahba _regalthebsd`fca ka-
dubiab. Iurfc iha Kasfchfcta chbiurfc cmnab Vfcmfcfejputar dr kreas Mud-
sacab kaserkt, waswakab hcra Kasfchfcta mufc dr iha Iautubk veb Imrsta`-
`ubkab lbst`hfcar Hbta``hkabz whfcthk hst.
1.= Vfcmfc spha`abia Fejputar
M`s ahbas iar lejp`axastab Vpha`a jht iab jahstab tmlthsfcab Jk`hfclahtab kh`t
ims Vfcmfcspha` ubtar mbiaraj m`s ims Vpha` iar Lbhka ubi Jeia`` iar
[a`t36, sewha m`s u`thjmthvar Hbta``hkabztast.39Iaj, iar as nacarrsfct, whri ahba
ceca Hbta``hkabz ubi Tarbubdt mbarlmbbt. Mudkrubi sahbar ^mthebm`htt hst as mnar
mufc arrafcabnmr. Ve wmr as ahb kreas Wha` iar Abtwhfl`ar veb lbst`hfcar Hb-ta``hkabz, ahbab Fejputar zu lraharab, iar ahbab jabsfc`hfcab Vfcmfcwa`t-
jahstar sfc`mkab lmbb. Nah iarmrthkab Yurbharab jfcta mnar mud iar mbiarab
Vahta ver m``aj iar Jabsfc nawahsab, imss ar ims hbta``hkabtara [asab hst ubi
iar Fejputar befc bhfct nar vark`ahfcnmra Dchklahtab vardkt.
3=
Tk`. Yhata`, Ims Wwhsfcabihbk, V. =;?.3>Tk`. Vfcmbl, Cew Feu`i CM@ Qsa @mbkumka, hb7 CM@'s `akmfy, V. =;1.36Jrmal, Vhju`harta Lrpar, V. =?6.39Tk`. Fmjpna``, Cew CM@ _`mys Fcass, hb7 CM@s @akmfy, V. ;3.
-
7/21/2019 Die Anthropomorphisierung von Computern im Film
36/86
64
Iha Dmszhbmtheb iar Vfcmfc spha`abiab Jmsfchbab kact nhs waht ver iha Axhs-
tabz veb Fejputarb zurfl. Ahb narcjtas Nahspha` hst iar Vfcmfc spha`abia
Yrla ias Nmreb veb Lajpa`ab.31Nah ihasaj cmbia`t as shfc uj ahbab mb-
kan`hfcab Mutejmtab, iar =;48 iaj starrahfchsfcab Ced ubtar Jmrhm Ycarashm
ubi Gesapc HH prsabthart wuria, we Nmreb veb Lajpa`ab Cedlmjjarmt wmr.34
Iar Yrla nastmbi mus ahbar _uppa, iha mb ahbaj Vfcmfcthsfc sm ubi iha
Dhkurab sfcahbnmr ahkabstbihk nawakab lebbta. Vha wmr kal`ahiat, wha as iaj
Dahbinh`i ias Yrlab ubi varjut`hfc iar veb iar Yrlah muskacabiab Kadmcr
zu ihasar Waht abtsprmfc.3; Nah Terdcrubkab wuriab Jabsfcab hj _un`hluj
imzu mudkarudab, shfc hb ahbaj Vpha` kakab iab Mutejmtab zu jassab. Tercar
wuria ahba Yr hb iar Teriarwmbi ias Yhsfcas kaddbat, uj ims jafcmbhsfca
Hbbara zu zahkab. Ihasas Hbbara wmr mnar jht Vphaka`b varsacab, iha jht Ch`daahbar epthsfcab Yusfcubk ahbab l`ahbwfcshkab Vfcmfcspha`ar variafltab,
iar mus iaj Hbbarab carmus iha Dhkurab nawakta. Iar Yrla wuria nah sahbar
Yeurbaa iurfc Aurepm narcjt ubi serkta nah iab Wusfcmuarb dr krea Dms-
zhbmtheb. @atztabi`hfc wuria iha Yusfcubk gaiefc abt`mrvt ubi iha Vfcmfc
spha`abia Jmsfchba sfchab se ubjk`hfc wha zuver.
Arst zwah Gmcrcubiarta sptar rflta ihasas Wha` iurfc iha Abtwhfl`ubk veb
Fejputarb whaiar hb iab Delus. Vfceb M`mb J. Yurhbk ubi Lebrmi Wuza abt-
wmrdab Lebzapta dr Vfcmfcprekrmjja. Iha arstab Arde`ka kmn as mnar arst mn
iaj Gmcr =8;6, m`s Imvhi V`mta ubi @mrry Mtlhb ims _rekrmjj Fcass 9.?
sfcrhanab, mud imss m``a de`kabiab _rekrmjja jht kutar [artubk nmshartab. Iha
=8;?ar Gmcra chbiurfc, n`han as gaiefc ims strlsta _rekrmjj jht iaj Axpar-
tab`ava` >???. Hj Gmcr =836 wuria as veb MY & Y Na`` @mns Na``a nartreddab,
ims jht sfcba``arar Cmriwmra `had. As de`ktab Frmy N`htz ubi Chtafc jht bauab
Tarnassarubkab iurfc Cefc`ahstubksfejputar ubi Jhlrefchps.33 Mus ahbaj
_regalt veb Ieltermbiab iar Fmrbakha Ja``eb Qbhvarshtt abtstmbi hj Gmcr
=831 Fchptast, mus iaj shfc nah HNJ =833 iar Vfcmfcfejputar Iaap
Yceukct abtwhfla`ta, iar hj Gmcr =886 hb Iaap N`ua ujnabmbbt wuria.38Iar
Vfcmfcfejputar Iaap N`ua hst iarzaht wa`twaht iar nasta ubi hb iar eddhzha``ab
31Tk`. Jrmal, Vhju`harta Lrpar, V. =?>.34Tk`. Irablpec`, Vthjja Jmfct Yafcbhl, V. =>.3;Tk`. Jrmal, Vhju`harta Lrpar, V. =?6.33
Tk`. Fmjpna``, Cew CM@ _`mys Fcass, hb7 CM@s @akmfy, V. 36-31.38Tk`. Yca jmlhbk ed Iaap N`ua. M dmjh`y chstery ed tca wer`i's nast fcass-p`myhbkfejputar, ubtar7 cttp7//www.rasamrfc.hnj.fej/iaapn`ua/jaat/ctj`/i.6.=.ctj`\=8.9.>?==Z.
-
7/21/2019 Die Anthropomorphisierung von Computern im Film
37/86
6;
[artaslm`m lbmpp chbtar iaj jabsfc`hfcab [a`tjahstar Kmrry Lmspmrev ahb-
kaeribat. Qrsprbk`hfc se``ta Iaap N`ua iha iurfc Vfcmfcspha`ab arwernaba
Ardmcrubk mud mbiara, lejp`axa _ren`aja nartrmkab. Iurfc sahba Yurbhara
kakab Lmspmrev wuria ar mnar ver m``aj m`s Vfcmfcfejputar narcjt. Imnah
wmr ims Iua`` Jabsfc kakab Jmsfchba hj Delus. Lmspmrev sa`nst se`` ver ah-baj Jmtfc kasmkt cmnab7 Ye seja axtabt tchs hs m iadabsa ed tca wce`a cu-
jmb rmfa.8?@atztabi`hfc cmt as Iaap N`ua gaiefc kasfcmddt ubi wuria hj Dan-
rumr =884 zur arstab Jmsfchba, iha ahbab Vfcmfcwa`tjahstar hb ahbaj Vpha` ka-
sfc`mkab cmt, sfceb ahb Gmcr sptar sekmr hb ahbaj kmbzab Yurbhar. Ims Yhja
Jmkmzhba nasfcrhan ihasas Arahkbhs dr iha jabsfc`hfca Mrt m`s spafhas-
iadhbhbk.8=
Iha krea Jaihabprsabz veb Iaap N`ua ubi sahbab Yurbhara kakab iab `mbk-gcrhkab [a`tjahstar Lmspmrev dasthkta ims Nh`i vej Vfcmfcspha` m`s u`thjmth-
vaj Hbta``hkabztast ubi -vark`ahfc veb Jabsfc ubi Fejputar. Jht ihasar Leb-
betmtheb wuria ims Vfcmfcspha` hj Dh`j cudhk m`s Hbihlmter dr ccara ubi ver
m``aj jabsfcabcb`hfca Hbta``hkabz varwabiat.M`s Tarwahs mud ihasa lbst`hfca
Hbta``hkabz wariab hb jmbfcab Dh`jab Vfcmfc spha`abia Fejputar bur mj
^mbia arwcbt, se wha _redasser Cenny hb sahbar Mbdmbksraia nar iha Abt-
whfl`ubk lbst`hfca [asab hb Mrthdhfhm` Hbta``hkabfa7 MH (Vtavab Vpha`nark, QVM,
>??=). Mufc hb Y^EB whri mj ^mbia arwcbt, imss ims _rekrmjj Jmstar
Febtre`, wa`fcas iab Vpha`aabtwardar D`ybb hb iab Fejputar ahbsfmbbt ubi hcb
iert gmkt, ursprbk`hfc m`s Vfcmfcprekrmjj arsta``t wuria.
Ims Vfcmfcspha` lmbb mufc m`s Tarwahs mud iha `ekhsfca jabsfc`hfca Hbta``h-
kabz arsfcahbab, iha shfc jmbfcjm` jht iaj Fejputar jassab lmbb, wha zuj
Nahspha` hb Cmflars. Iar Cmflar Bhleb whri hb ahbar Vzaba nahj Vfcmfc spha-
`ab hj _mrl kazahkt, wejht sahbar `ekhsfcab Hbta``hkabz ubi sahbaj muarka-
wcb`hfcab Tarstbibhs iar Dublthebswahsa veb Fejputarb Musirufl var`hacab
whri. Hb Cmriwmra wariab iha zwah Fcmrmltara @hbfe`b ubi Tarjeb nahj
Vfcmfcspha` kazahkt. @hbfe`b nazahfcbat sahbab Vhakaszuk m`s Vhfh`hmb Jmbau-
var, ahb addalthvar Wuk hj Vpha` kakab iab Fejputar7 Ycmts cew yeu namt
fejputars wcab yeu p`my tcaj. Ycay iebt ubiarstmbi smfrhdhfa. Ve jssab
sptar tmtsfc`hfc arst ar ubi mbiara whfcthka Fcmrmltara ahbaj mkkrasshvab
^enetar zuj Epdar dm``ab, naver ihasar ubsfci`hfc kajmfct wariab lmbb. Iha
8?Tk`. Fmjpna``, Cew CM@ _`mys Fcass, hb7 CM@s @akmfy, V. ;;.8=Tk`. ani., V. ;8.
-
7/21/2019 Die Anthropomorphisierung von Computern im Film
38/86
63
jabsfc`hfcab Epdar wariab iurfc krea Jabkab mb sprhtzabiaj N`ut hb iab
krtjk`hfcab Lebtrmst zur lm`tab, krmusmjab Jmsfchba kasatzt.
[hri hj Dh`j ahb Vpha` zwhsfcab ahbaj Jabsfcab ubi ahbaj Fejputar kazahkt,
lmbb ahba iatmh``harta Mbm`ysa ias kazahktab Vpha`as ahbhkas nar iab Fejputar
ubi iassab Tarc`tbhs zuj jabsfc`hfcab Jht- nazhacubkswahsa Kakabspha`ar.mussmkab. Iar Mbirehia Mbiraw hj Dh`j Nhfabtabbhm` Jmb (Fcrhs Fe`ujnus,
QVM, =888) spha`t raka`jhk nar Gmcrzacbta chbwak jht sahbar Draubihb _er-
thm Vfcmfc, se wha ar narahts _erthms Krea`tarb jhtahbmbiar Vfcmfc spha`ab
kasacab cmt. Nhs mud ims arsta Vpha`, ims iar Mbirehia kawhbbt, whri bhfct tca-
jmthshart, war veb nahiab nar`akab hst ubi se whrlt iha Nazhacubk iar nahiab
muskak`hfcab ubi k`ahfcnarafcthkt. Hb Fe`essus7 Yca Dernhb _regaft spha`t Ir.
Dernhb, iar Ardhbiar ahbas khkmbthsfcab Tartahihkubksfejputars, iar jht sahbarLebtre``a nar m``a Darbwmddab hb ^uss`mbi ubi iab Tarahbhktab Vtmmtab iha
[a`tjmfct mb shfc rahab wh``, kakab sahba Vfcpdubk Vfcmfc. Ihas kasfchact
mb ahbaj strmtakhsfc whfcthkab _ublt, m`s ar k`munt, iab Fejputar nar`hstat zu
cmnab, ihasar hcj gaiefc nahj Vpha` arddbat, imss ar iha varsufcta Vmnetmka
mb hcj najarlt ubi varahta`t cmt ubi iha Tarmbtwert`hfcab axalutharab `sst.
Mufc wabb bhfct kazahkt whri, war ims Vfcmfcspha` kawebbab cmt, mb ihasar
Vta``a whri l`mr, wa`fcar iar nahiab Kakabspha`ar ims ahkabt`hfca tmlthsfca
Vpha`, uj ims as kact, kawebbab cmt ubi iha Carrsfcmdt nar iha [a`t nac`t.
Ims Vfcmfcnratt hst mb ihasar Vta``a hb sahbar jatmpcerhsfcab Naiautubk m`s
Vyjne` dr iha [a`t ahbkasatzt weriab.
Hst ims Arkanbhs ahbar _mrtha nalmbbt, hst ihasas cudhk ahba Termusshfct mud iab
wahtarab Tar`mud iar Cmbi`ubk. Iar hbta``hkabta Vuparfejputar _retaus HT hb
Iajeb Vaai sfc`kt hj Vpha` kakab iab [hssabsfcmdt`ar [m`tar ahbab sahbar
Nmuarb ubi nrhbkt shfc imjht hb ahba nar`akaba _eshtheb. M`s [m`tar hcj sptar
iha Leeparmtheb varwahkart, sfc`kt ar hcj iab Lepd mn. Hb N`mia ^ubbar na-
shakt iar Mbirehia ^ey sahbab Arsfcmddar hj Vfcmfc, naver ar hcb wabhk sptar
ujnrhbkt. Hj Kakabsmtz zu @hbfe`bs Mussmka hb Cmriwmra varstact ihasar
Fejputar mnar iurfcmus atwms vej Epdarb, iabb ar narahtat ims Vfcmfcjmtt
jht ahbaj Imjabepdar ver. Ims Epdarb iar lestnmrstab Dhkur hj Vpha` hst iar
iablnmr ubkawcb`hfcsta Wuk dr ahbab Fejputar, iar hj Berjm`dm`` sa`nst
l`ahbsta Tar`usta varjahiat.8>^ey sfc`kt iab jabsfc`hfcab Kakabspha`ar m`se
jht sahbab ahkabab [mddab, jht iar jabsfc`hfcab Vpha`wahsa. Char dhbiat
8>Tk`. Jrmal, Vhju`harta Lrpar, V. =>?.
-
7/21/2019 Die Anthropomorphisierung von Computern im Film
39/86
68
axajp`mrhsfc ahba Mbtcrepejerpchsharubk stmtt, iha nah Vfcmfc spha`abiab
Fejputarb hj Dh`j bhfct sa`tab verlejjt. Iha lbst`hfca, jmsfchba``a Hbta``h-
kabz zahfcbat shfc iurfc cb`hfclaht zuj jabsfc`hfcab Iablab mus. Naseb-
iars hbtarassmbt wariab Vzabab jht Vfcmfcfejputarb m`se, wabb ihasa Vpha`-
zka mbwabiab, iha typhsfc dr jabsfc`hfca Vpha`ar shbi ubi hb iar ^am`htt vebVfcmfcfejputarb bhfct zu arwmrtab wrab. Imzu kacrt zuj Nahspha` ims strm-
takhsfca Epdarb veb Dhkurab ubi ims Vta``ab veb Dm``ab. Mufc nalmbbta Wuk-
de`kab shbi nah jabsfc`hfcab Vpha`arb edt arlabbnmr ubi m``kajahbas Chbtar-
krubiwhssab nar ims Vfcmfcspha` zahkt shfc hb iar ^amltheb mud anabdm``s ar-
labbnmra Vtrmtakhab ias Kakbars. Ims typhsfca Vpha` ahbas Fejputars hst ar-
labbnmr imrmb, imss ar sahba iaj Jabsfcab nar`akabab ^afcablmpmzhttab
butzt, uj mus Jh``hebab veb jk`hfcab Wkab iab arde`krahfcstab muszuwc`abubi imnah jk`hfcst lahba eiar bur karhbka Epdar zu nrhbkab.86Nhscar hst as bur
dhlthvab Vfcmfcfejputarb jk`hfc, nawusst mb iab rhfcthkab Vta``ab veb ihasar
Ymlthl mnzuwahfcab.
1.> Vprafcabia Fejputar
Iha Ihbka, iha dmst gaiaj Jabsfcab `ahfct dm``ab, zuj Nahspha` Vacab, Crab,
Vprafcab ubi Tarstacab, wuriab `mbka Waht veb iar LH Dersfcubk hkberhart.
Va`nst iar dchksta Vfcmfcfejputar hst zuj Nahspha` bhfct hb iar @mka, Dhkurab
mud iaj Vfcmfcnratt zu arlabbab ubi zu nawakab.89 Jhtt`arwah`a kh`t ims
Vprmfcvarstacab gaiefc m`s iha krtab Carmusderiarubkab dr hbta``hkabta
Fejputar. Vaht iaj Gmcr =81? whri mb Vprmfcarlabbubk mj Fejputar kamr-
nahtat. Iha arsta arde`krahfca Vprmfcarlabbubkssedtwmra wuria =81> veb Imvhs
Nhiiu`pc nah Na`` @mns prekrmjjhart. Ims _rekrmjj lebbta 8;% iar kaspre-
fcabab [erta mlusthsfc varstacab.81Abia iar =8;?ar Gmcra lmjab iha arstab
_reiulta mud iab Jmrlt. Iurfc iha =83?ar Gmcra chbiurfc cmnab shfc zwah Mr-tab veb _rekrmjjab atmn`hart. Ahbarsahts iha vej Vprafcar ubmncbkhka
Vprmfcarlabbubk veb ahbza`bab [ertab dr mutejmthsfca Yrmbsmlthebab mj
Ya`adeb ubi m