Session 7
System Calibration
Ulrich Schreiber, Ivan Prochazka
Lase
r Sys
tem
Cal
ibra
tion
Ulri
ch S
chre
iber
Ivan
Pro
chaz
ka
Prea
mbl
e
RA
NG
E E
rro
rs:
AJ
_2
00
21
01
60
80
5M
ax
.El
72
.8 d
eg
, T
ab
.In
t 2
0 s
ec
s,
La
gr
ord
er
6(F
irs
t 4
00
se
co
nd
s o
f p
as
s))
-1.0
-0.5
0.0
0.5
1.0 2
91
60
29
20
02
92
40
29
28
02
93
20
29
36
02
94
00
29
44
02
94
80
29
52
02
95
60
Tim
e (
UT
C S
ec
on
ds
)
Range Error (ns)
Sp
line
La
gr
War
m re
gard
s fro
m J
ohn
Luck
: The
inte
rpol
atio
n er
rors
of t
he IR
Vs
are
prop
erga
ting
to th
e N
P if
thin
gs a
re n
ot h
andl
ed c
aref
ully
I. G
eom
etric
al E
rror S
ourc
es
Geo
met
rical
Erro
r Sou
rces
•Ta
rget
stru
ctur
e (m
echa
nica
l)
•Be
am p
ath
thro
ugh
tele
scop
e (s
tabi
lity)
Exam
ple
Conc
lusio
n
•Th
ese
erro
rs a
re ty
pica
lly sm
all
II. E
lect
roni
cal E
rror S
ourc
es
Calib
ratio
n Ba
sics
r
geom
etric
al e
rrors
(sm
all)
... a
s soo
n as
we
try to
mea
sure
thin
gs
they
bec
ome
mor
e co
mpl
icat
ed
H-M
aser
Cor
rect
ion
in V
LBI
Inte
rpre
tatio
n
The
intri
nsic
hig
h cl
ock
accu
racy
is n
ot
acce
ssib
le b
y th
e el
ectro
nic
hard
war
e
Iden
tific
atio
n of
Issu
es
•El
ectro
nic
circ
uits
caus
e tim
e va
ryin
gin
serti
on d
elay
s•
Del
ays s
how
tem
pera
ture
dep
ende
nce
•D
elay
s sho
w b
andw
idth
dep
ende
nce
•D
elay
s sho
w im
peda
nce
mat
chin
g iss
ues
•D
elay
s sho
w si
gnal
leve
l rel
ated
issu
es(s
uppl
y vo
ltage
stab
ility
, gro
und
refe
renc
e)
Pow
er L
evel
Sta
bilit
y
Trig
ger T
hres
hold
Sta
bilit
y
0.10
0.11
0.12
0.13
0.14
285
290
295
Trigger Level Voltage [V]
Tim
e [d
ays]
Tenn
elec
Trig
ger L
evel
beh
avio
r
Impe
danc
e m
atch
ing
III. O
ptic
al E
rror S
ourc
es
Opt
ical
Erro
r Sou
rces
•W
avef
ront
dist
ortio
ns
•H
ighe
r ord
er sp
atia
l las
er m
odes
•La
ser b
ackr
efle
ctio
ns a
nd sa
tura
tion
effe
cts
(sha
red
aper
ture
)
IV. S
olut
ions
Syste
m D
esig
n Sy
mm
etry
•us
e th
e sa
me
elec
troni
c co
mpo
nent
s as
muc
h as
pos
sible
or a
t lea
st tw
in c
hips
•ca
refu
lly a
djus
t sig
nal l
evel
s and
pul
sesh
apes
for b
oth
calib
ratio
n an
d ra
ngin
g
•av
oid
timew
alk
Redu
ndan
cy!!!
•Co
-Loc
atio
ns w
ere
used
in th
e pa
st (c
ostly
)•
Trav
elin
g ba
rom
eter
cam
paig
ns a
djus
t the
met
eoro
logy
issu
es•
Seve
ral (
elec
troni
c) su
bsys
tem
s are
ope
rate
d in
para
llel
•Co
unte
r Clu
ster (
Gra
z) w
as th
e fir
st ste
p•
Porta
ble
Calib
ratio
n St
anda
rd (f
lexi
ble,
che
ap)
Acc
ess t
o a
num
ber o
f erro
rs
•ep
och
and
time
inte
rval
tim
ing
•tim
e an
d fre
quen
cy re
fere
nce
•da
ta a
quisi
tion,
filte
ring
and
proc
essin
g•
calib
ratio
n sc
hem
e an
d gr
ound
surv
ey•
oper
atio
nal p
roce
dure
s (ha
bits)
•rf-
inte
rfere
nce,
gro
und
refe
renc
e
Basic
Con
cept
Inte
r-Sys
tem
Red
unda
ncy
elec
tr.
r(t)
mea
sure
men
tun
it
engi
neer
ing
data
filesig
nal p
roce
ssin
g er
rors
(var
iabl
e, la
rger
)
Sat
ellit
e La
ser
Ran
ging
Mac
hine
Bia
s R
educ
tion
Pro
cedu
res
Tow
ard
Mill
imet
er A
ccur
acy
Vad
emec
um
Kar
el H
amal
, Iva
n P
roch
azka
Cze
ch T
echn
ical
Uni
vers
ity, P
ragu
e, C
zech
Rep
ublic
K. H
amal
, I.P
roch
azka
, P
ragu
e, M
ay 2
003
SLR
Mac
hine
Bia
s R
educ
tion
Pro
cedu
re
Goa
ls•
SLR
sys
tem
s bi
as r
educ
tion
•in
ter-
com
paris
on a
nd s
tand
ardi
zatio
n of
SLR
sys
tem
s
•P
orta
ble
Cal
ibra
tion
Sta
ndar
d fo
r S
atel
lite
Lase
rR
angi
ng m
achi
ne d
iagn
ostic
sid
entif
icat
ion
of e
rror
sou
rces
due
to :
- ep
och
and
time
inte
rval
tim
ing
- ep
och
and
freq
uenc
y re
fere
nce
- da
ta a
cqui
sitio
n, fi
lterin
g an
d pr
oces
sing
- ca
libra
tion
sche
me
and
grou
nd s
urve
y-
oper
atio
nal p
roce
dure
s-
radi
o fr
eque
ncy
inte
rfer
ence
- ot
her
sour
ces
K. H
amal
, I.P
roch
azka
, P
ragu
e, M
ay 2
003
SLR
Mac
hine
Bia
s R
educ
tion
Pro
cedu
re
Por
tabl
e C
alib
ratio
n S
tand
ard
Phi
loso
phy
•hi
gh d
egre
e of
red
un
dan
cy
•ba
sed
on to
p q
ual
ity
and
cer
tifi
edha
rdw
are
•in
dep
end
ent
on S
LR u
nder
test
- si
gnal
pro
cess
ing
and
cabl
ing
- gr
ound
ing,
pow
er li
ne,
RF
shi
eldi
ng-
timin
g (t
ime
inte
rval
, epo
ch)
- ca
libra
tion
targ
ets
and
grou
nd s
urve
y-
data
acq
uisi
tion
and
data
pro
cess
ing
- st
aff
•op
erat
ed i
n p
aral
lel t
o e
xist
ing
SL
R
•ea
sy t
o r
e-lo
cate
(pe
rson
al lu
ggag
e)
K. H
amal
, I.P
roch
azka
, P
ragu
e, M
ay 2
003
SLR
Mac
hine
Bia
s R
educ
tion
Pro
cedu
re
PO
RT
AB
LE C
ALI
BR
AT
ION
ST
AN
DA
RD
P -
PE
T
1 pp
s10
MH
z
PC
+ s
oft
SLR
PC
SLR
MA
CH
INE
Lase
rS
tart
Sto
pT
imer
Clo
ck
GP
S
RS
232
min
icol
l
sate
llite
LAN
ST
AR
T
ST
OP
ME
TE
O
K. H
amal
, I.P
roch
azka
, P
ragu
e, M
ay 2
003
SLR
Mac
hine
Bia
s R
educ
tion
Pro
cedu
re
K. H
amal
, I.P
roch
azka
, P
ragu
e, M
ay 2
003
SLR
Mac
hine
Bia
s R
educ
tion
Pro
cedu
re
Pic
o E
vent
Tim
erP
orta
ble
Cal
ibra
tion
Sta
ndar
d
K. H
amal
, I.P
roch
azka
, P
ragu
e, M
ay 2
003
SLR
Mac
hine
Bia
s R
educ
tion
Pro
cedu
re
Gro
und
Tar
get C
alib
ratio
n•
“min
i-co
ll” c
once
pt,
•us
e m
inim
um 3
gro
und
targ
ets,
•di
stan
ces
< 1
00 m
eter
s,(d
iffic
ultie
s to
mod
el h
oriz
onta
l atm
. cor
rect
ion
> 1
00m
)
•di
ffere
nt a
zim
uths
,
•“z
ero
para
lax”
hol
low
ret
ro r
efle
ctor
s (2
D)
•ta
rget
s re
fere
nce
poin
ts s
urve
yed
dow
n to
1 m
m a
ccur
acy
3 D
•th
e sy
stem
inte
rnal
del
ays
eval
uate
d by
cal
ibra
tion
rang
ing
todi
ffere
nt ta
rget
s in
dica
te th
e ca
libra
tion
accu
racy
and
the
calib
ratio
n va
lue
conf
iden
ce.
•th
e su
rvey
and
cal
ibra
tion
proc
edur
e ha
s to
be
tune
d un
til th
ein
tern
al d
elay
con
sist
ency
is o
n a
mm
leve
l
K. H
amal
, I.P
roch
azka
, P
ragu
e, M
ay 2
003
SLR
Mac
hine
Bia
s R
educ
tion
Pro
cedu
re
The
3 c
al. t
arge
ts /h
ollo
w 2
D r
etro
s/ h
ave
been
re-
surv
eyed
and
th
e ca
libra
tion
proc
edur
e tu
ned
until
the
the
syst
em in
tern
al d
elay
valu
e co
nsis
tenc
y of
2 m
m h
as b
een
achi
eved
.T
he 2
mm
leve
l was
a li
mit
for
the
syst
em a
t tha
t tim
e.
K. H
amal
, I.P
roch
azka
, P
ragu
e, M
ay 2
003
SLR
Mac
hine
Bia
s R
educ
tion
Pro
cedu
re
SLR
Tim
e B
ias
iden
tific
atio
n
•T
he P
CS
is o
pera
ted
in p
aral
lel t
o th
e S
LR s
yste
mun
der
test
,
•th
e co
rres
pond
ing
pairs
of S
LR r
esul
ts a
re id
entif
ied,
•th
e tim
e bi
as is
eva
luat
ed a
s a
diffe
renc
e of
corr
espo
ndin
g ep
ochs
on
a sh
ot b
y sh
ot b
asis
,
•th
e tim
e bi
as p
er p
ass
is e
valu
ated
as
a an
arit
hmet
icav
erag
e,
K. H
amal
, I.P
roch
azka
, P
ragu
e, M
ay 2
003
SLR
Mac
hine
Bia
s R
educ
tion
Pro
cedu
re
Tim
e B
ias
, PC
S in
Cha
ngch
un
The
SLR
use
d a
wro
ng fr
eque
ncy
sour
ce (
the
slop
e),
the
SLR
tim
e ba
se h
as b
een
sync
hron
ized
onl
y on
ce p
er d
ayth
e tim
e bi
as is
targ
et in
depe
nden
t
K. H
amal
, I.P
roch
azka
, P
ragu
e, M
ay 2
003
SLR
Mac
hine
Bia
s R
educ
tion
Pro
cedu
re
SLR
Ran
ge B
ias
Iden
tific
atio
n
•T
he P
CS
is o
pera
ted
in p
aral
lel t
o th
e S
LR s
yste
m u
nder
test
,
•th
e co
rres
pond
ing
pairs
of S
LR r
esul
ts a
re id
entif
ied,
•th
e ra
nge
bias
is e
valu
ated
as
a di
ffere
nce
of c
orre
spon
ding
ran
gere
adin
gs o
n a
shot
by
shot
bas
is,
•on
a s
hot b
y sh
ot b
asis
, the
ran
ge b
ias
vers
us r
ange
iden
tifie
s th
etim
e of
flig
ht li
near
ity
•th
e ra
nge
bias
per
pas
s is
eva
luat
ed a
s a
an a
rithm
etic
ave
rage
, it
char
acte
rizes
the
rang
e bi
as o
f the
SLR
sys
tem
ver
s. P
CS
K. H
amal
, I.P
roch
azka
, P
ragu
e, M
ay 2
003
SLR
Mac
hine
Bia
s R
educ
tion
Pro
cedu
re
K. H
amal
et a
l, E
GS
-AG
U-E
UG
Joi
nt A
ssem
bly,
Nic
e, A
pril
2003
Sat
ellit
e La
ser R
angi
ng P
orta
ble
Cal
ibra
tion
Sta
ndar
d M
issi
ons
1997
-200
2
RA
NG
ING
CO
UN
TER
S C
OM
PA
RIS
ON
TO
P-P
ET
P. G
ibs,
Her
stm
once
ux, 2
002
K. H
amal
, I.P
roch
azka
, P
ragu
e, M
ay 2
003
SLR
Mac
hine
Bia
s R
educ
tion
Pro
cedu
re
SR
620
/ P-P
ET
Co
un
ter
Lin
eari
tyP
ots
dam
, 200
1, L
AG
EO
S p
ass
50 p
s / d
iv
off
set
- 45
ps
no
n r
epro
du
cib
le o
scill
atio
ns
off
set
- 51
psC
ou
nte
r s/
n 1
014
(in
ro
uti
ne
use
)
the
sam
e m
easu
rem
ent,
3 h
ou
rs la
ter
L. G
runw
ald
, R.N
eube
rt, H
.Fis
cher
, H
.Pin
o, P
otsd
am, 2
001
K. H
amal
, I.P
roch
azka
, P
ragu
e, M
ay 2
003
SLR
Mac
hine
Bia
s R
educ
tion
Pro
cedu
re
SR
620
/ P-P
ET
Co
un
ter
Lin
eari
tyP
ots
dam
, 200
1, S
ho
rt t
imes
10 p
s / d
ivC
ou
nte
r s/
n 1
014
(in
ro
uti
ne
use
)
P-P
ET
v
s. S
R6
20
/ S
/N
1
01
4 (5
.9
.2
00
1)
50
0 p
uls
es
p
er d
ata
p
oin
t
0.52
0.53
0.54
0.55
0.56
0.57
0.58
0.59
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Tim
e In
te
rv
al (S
R6
20
) [n
s]
SR620 - P-PET - 3 [ns]
P-P
ET
a
ga
in
st S
R6
20
/ S
N 1
01
4 (3
1.8
.2
00
1)
50
0 p
uls
es
p
er d
ata p
oin
t
0.42
0.43
0.44
0.45
0.46
0.47
0.48
0.49
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Tim
e In
te
rv
al (S
R6
20
) [n
s]
SR620 - P-PET - 3 ns [ns]
0 -
100
nse
c
40 p
s
the
sam
e, la
ter
on
L. G
runw
ald
, R.N
eube
rt, H
.Fis
cher
, H
.Pin
o, P
otsd
am, 2
001
K. H
amal
, I.P
roch
azka
, P
ragu
e, M
ay 2
003
SLR
Mac
hine
Bia
s R
educ
tion
Pro
cedu
re
Ran
ge a
nd T
ime
Bia
ses,
Sha
ngha
i 200
1
Sate
llit
eP
-PE
T r
ms(m
m)S
LR
rm
s(m
m)T
ime b
ias(u
s)R
ng
. b
ias(n
s)S
tarl
ett
e7.5
12.7
0.1
0.0
2B
eaco
n-C
9.3
13.8
0.1
0.0
0A
jisai1
0.9
15.9
0.1
0.0
0L
ag
eo
s 2
10.5
17.3
0.1
-0.0
1S
tarl
ett
e9.0
15.1
0.1
0.0
3L
ag
eo
s 1
8.5
14.2
0.1
0.0
1B
eaco
n C
19.2
19.7
0.1
0.0
2T
op
ex22.4
350.1
0.0
0T
op
ex4.9
10.8
0.1
0.0
0L
ag
eo
s 1
7.0
13.5
0.1
0.0
0S
tella6.1
12.4
0.1
0.0
0B
eaco
n C
10.0
16.1
0.1
0.0
0S
tarl
ett
e8.4
12.9
0.1
0.0
1W
estp
ac--
16.6
0.1
0.0
3L
ag
eo
s 2
8.5
16.1
0.1
0.0
0S
tella4.8
11.5
0.1
0.0
0E
RS
-24.0
10.5
0.1
0.0
1m
ean
0.1
0.0
1
K. H
amal
, I.P
roch
azka
, P
ragu
e, M
ay 2
003
SLR
Mac
hine
Bia
s R
educ
tion
Pro
cedu
re
Tim
e an
d T
empe
ratu
re S
tabi
lity,
SLR
Gra
z
•T
he P
CS
was
ope
rate
d in
par
alle
l to
the
SLR
sys
tem
und
er te
st,
•th
e te
mpo
ral a
nd te
mpe
ratu
re d
rifts
of t
he P
CS
are
bel
ow 1
ps,
•th
e gr
ound
tar
get
calib
ratio
n w
as r
epea
tedl
y co
mpl
eted
with
inon
e ho
ur,
•th
e th
ick
curv
e co
rres
pond
s to
the
stab
ility
(+
/- 1
mm
) of
the
SLR
rang
ing
chai
n ex
clud
ing
the
time
of fl
ight
inst
rum
ent (
coun
ter
clus
ter)
,
•th
e th
in c
urve
cor
resp
onds
to th
e en
tire
SLR
sys
tem
tem
pora
lst
abili
ty (
+/-
2 m
m a
t tha
t con
figur
atio
n)
K. H
amal
, I.P
roch
azka
, P
ragu
e, M
ay 2
003
SLR
Mac
hine
Bia
s R
educ
tion
Pro
cedu
re
P-P
ET
in G
raz,
Cal
ibra
tion
Sta
bilit
y
K. H
amal
, I.P
roch
azka
, P
ragu
e, M
ay 2
003
SLR
Mac
hine
Bia
s R
educ
tion
Pro
cedu
re
SLR
Pre
cisi
on In
crea
se
•op
erat
ed i
n p
aral
lel t
o e
xist
ing
SL
R
•hi
gh d
egre
e of
red
un
dan
cy
•in
dep
end
ent
on S
LR u
nder
test
- si
gnal
pro
cess
ing
and
cabl
ing
- gr
ound
ing,
pow
er li
ne,
RF
shi
eldi
ng-
timin
g (t
ime
inte
rval
, epo
ch)
- ca
libra
tion
targ
ets
and
grou
nd s
urve
y-
data
acq
uisi
tion
and
data
pro
cess
ing
- op
erat
ors
and
habi
ts
•hi
gh q
ualit
y in
stru
men
ts (
P-P
ET
, M
eteo
, Epo
ch &
Fre
q.)
•=
> h
igh
prec
isio
n S
LR d
ata
acqu
ired
on th
e P
CS
•=
> id
entif
icat
ion
of “
prob
lem
are
as”
and
impr
ovem
ent o
s S
LR
K. H
amal
, I.P
roch
azka
, P
ragu
e, M
ay 2
003
SLR
Mac
hine
Bia
s R
educ
tion
Pro
cedu
re
Zim
mer
wal
d, 2
4hou
r M
issi
on,M
ay 2
7-28
,199
8T
wo
wav
elen
gth
rang
ing
Orig
inal
sta
tion
setu
p15
0 ps
ec
Afte
r sy
stem
re-
cabl
ing
and
dete
ctor
s tu
ning
SLR
sys
tem
120
psec
P-P
ET
tim
ing
76 p
sec
@ r
ed58
pse
c @
blu
e
K. H
amal
, I.P
roch
azka
, P
ragu
e, M
ay 2
003
SLR
Mac
hine
Bia
s R
educ
tion
Pro
cedu
re
Sha
ngha
i SLR
, Lag
eos,
Aug
. 19,
2001
SLR
tim
ing
1
3.5
mm
RM
S P
CS
-PE
T ti
min
g 7
.0 m
m R
MS
K. H
amal
, I.P
roch
azka
, P
ragu
e, M
ay 2
003
SLR
Mac
hine
Bia
s R
educ
tion
Pro
cedu
re
PC
S-P
ET
Mis
sion
, TIG
O, 1
998
Tw
o w
avel
engt
h ra
ngin
g
P-P
ET
4 x
SR
620
SR
620
timin
gin
frar
ed12
0 ps
ecbl
ue 9
5 ps
ecP
-PE
T t
imin
gin
frar
ed 7
5 ps
ecbl
ue 4
5 ps
ec
K. H
amal
, I.P
roch
azka
, P
ragu
e, M
ay 2
003
SLR
Mac
hine
Bia
s R
educ
tion
Pro
cedu
re
PC
S C
apab
ilitie
s -
Com
paris
on
Syst
emat
ic e
rror
sou
rcec
ollo
catio
nPor
tabl
e C
alib
ratio
n St
anda
rdfr
eque
ncy
and
epoc
hyes
yesm
ount
ecc
entr
icity
yesp
artia
llyco
rrel
ated
RF
nois
eyes
part
ially
inst
rum
enta
l err
orsy
esye
ssta
bilit
yyes
yese
cho
sign
al s
tren
gthy
esye
sdat
a pr
oces
sing
yesy
esop
erat
or e
rror
syes
yess
hot b
y sh
ot c
ompa
riso
nnoy
esat
mos
pher
ic d
atay
esye
sexp
erim
ent c
ompl
exity
and
cos
ts>
101
time
fram
e> 1
01
K. H
amal
, I.P
roch
azka
, P
ragu
e, M
ay 2
003
SLR
Mac
hine
Bia
s R
educ
tion
Pro
cedu
re
Con
clus
ion
•P
orta
ble
Cal
ibra
tion
Sta
ndar
d ba
sed
on a
Pic
o E
vent
Tim
eris
a p
ower
ful t
ool t
o id
entif
y sy
stem
atic
err
or s
ourc
es in
the
SLR
“ra
ngin
g m
achi
ne”
on th
e m
m s
cale
•th
e en
tire
syst
em is
com
pact
, eas
y to
tran
spor
t fas
t to
inst
all
and
user
frie
ndly
to o
pera
te,
the
calib
ratio
n m
issi
on c
an b
e ac
com
plis
hed
with
in o
ne w
eek
time
slot
,
•P
-PE
T m
issi
on to
SLR
site
s di
d tr
igge
r se
vera
l pro
ject
s-
WLR
S (
1998
), T
IGO
(199
9), G
raz
(200
0) t
imin
g sy
stem
s up
grad
e-
Eur
opea
n m
illim
eter
SLR
join
t act
ivity
(20
02),
- H
erst
mon
ceux
Wor
ksho
p (2
002)
Hon
eyw
ell T
echn
olog
y S
olut
ions
Inc
1
NA
SA S
LR
Sys
tem
Cal
ibra
tion
Tec
hniq
ues
Ext
erna
l Cal
ibra
tions
to E
stab
lishe
d, S
tabl
e an
d F
orm
ally
Sur
veye
d G
roun
d T
arge
ts
•90
min
ute
max
imum
cyc
le ti
me
per
trac
king
sce
nari
o –
(Offs
ettin
g po
tent
ial
diur
nal e
ffect
and
sys
tem
atic
dri
fts)
•C
alib
ratio
n T
arge
t Ran
ges
< 30
0M
•C
alib
ratio
n Pi
er d
esig
n –
conc
rete
and
met
al r
einf
orce
d fo
r lo
ng te
rm s
tabi
lity
•O
ptic
ally
cal
ibra
ted
corn
er c
ubes
– o
ptic
al tr
ansi
t pat
h m
easu
red
& a
ccou
nted
for
inca
libra
tion
rang
e
•Pr
e &
Pos
t Cal
ibra
tions
to o
pera
tiona
l gro
und
targ
et ~
100
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ots
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ecei
ve a
mpl
itude
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aint
aine
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ithin
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amic
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ge o
f th
e C
onst
ant F
ract
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or f
or P
re a
nd P
ost C
alib
ratio
n A
ND
ope
ratio
nal s
atel
lite
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king
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roun
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est C
alib
ratio
ns to
mul
tiple
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ets
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ol
Hon
eyw
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echn
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Inc
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erfo
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pera
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t P
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Cal RMS (mm)
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Nom
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Hon
eyw
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echn
olog
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olut
ions
Inc
3
Mon
umen
t Pea
k (M
obla
s-4)
Sch
edul
e fo
r10
/22/
03
Sche
dule
d C
alib
rati
ons
1H
oney
wel
l Tec
hnol
ogy
Sol
utio
ns In
c
NA
SA S
LR
Met
eoro
logi
cal M
easu
rem
ent
Sens
or(M
ET
3) C
alib
rati
on T
echn
ique
Pres
sure
, Tem
pera
ture
, and
Hum
idity
Mea
sure
men
t
•T
wo
Yea
r C
alib
ratio
n C
ycle
:
¸St
atio
n’s
unit
repl
aced
with
a m
anuf
actu
rer
calib
rate
d se
nsor
pac
kage
¸Pr
e/Po
st in
stal
latio
n ca
libra
tion
repo
rts
exam
ined
for
ano
mal
ies
¸C
alib
ratio
n re
port
s w
ill b
e m
aint
aine
d in
a d
atab
ase
¸N
IST
trac
e-ab
ility
mai
ntai
ned
(Pre
ssur
e Se
nsor
)
•O
ne Y
ear
Prev
entiv
e M
aint
enan
ce C
ycle
Pres
sure
– A
ccur
acy:
± 0
.08
mB
ar, S
tabi
lity:
< 0
.1 m
Bar
per
yea
r
Tem
pera
ture
– A
ccur
acy:
£ 0
.5 D
egre
e C
, Sta
bilit
y: B
ette
r th
an 0
.1 D
egre
e C
Rel
ativ
e H
umid
ity –
Acc
urac
y: ±
2%
RH
(@
25
Deg
ree
C),
Sta
bilit
y: B
ette
r th
an 1
% p
er y
ear
Futu
re I
mpr
ovem
ents
– M
ET
3A, b
ette
r pe
rfor
min
g pr
essu
re tr
ansd
ucer
, hig
her
accu
racy
te
mpe
ratu
re r
eadi
ngs,
fas
ter
hum
idity
sat
urat
ion
reco
very
tim
e
1000
1005
1010
1015
1020
1025
1030
JAN
FE
BM
AR
AP
RM
AY
JUN
JUL
AU
GS
EP
OC
TN
OV
DE
C
Avg. Pressure (mB)
-6-4-20246
Jan-97
May-97
Sep-97
Jan-98
May-98
Sep-98
Jan-99
May-99
Sep-99
Jan-00
May-00
Sep-00
Jan-01
May-01
Sep-01
Jan-02
May-02
Sep-02
Jan-03
May-03
Pressure Offsets (mB)
-6-4-20246
The
eff
ect o
f a
baro
met
er
chan
ge o
r re
-cal
ibra
tion