hausarbeit sf nano

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Hausarbeit über die Mikroelektronik und Informationstechnik im Nanokosmos

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5/10/2018 Hausarbeit SF Nano - slidepdf.com

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/hausarbeit-sf-nano 1/11

 

Jdiw`nlni{w`hdi ~hk Dhf`wjc{d`hr{nbahdi dj Hch`i`rj`r

Fcbacwgnd{ v`wenlne{ v`h?

Invdh R{wcÐnw 

Rba~locaw 7==4/7=3=

Fcbalnawnwdh?

Fwc~ Kw( Icwdh E~jgd`urid

G`aj{n, knh 7( @i{`gnw 7==4

5/10/2018 Hausarbeit SF Nano - slidepdf.com

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/hausarbeit-sf-nano 2/11

 

Dhacl{rvnwzndbahdr

3$  Ndhlnd{~he 3

7$  Hch`r{w~i{~wnh ~hk dawn EwöÐn 7

7(3$  Kdn r~g{wci{dvn F`{`ld{a`ewcfdn 7

7(7$  Kdn Ricldnw~he ~hk kdn C~rudwi~he c~f kdn F~hi{d`hrundrn 2

2$  Kdn Vnwjnrr~he k~wba kdn C{`jiwcf{*Jdiw`ri`}dn ;

2(3$  Knw I`h{ci{j`k~r ;

2(7$  Knw Hdba{*I`h{ci{j`k~r >

;$ 

Rbal~rru`w{ >

>$  Ld{nwc{~wvnwzndbahdr 6

6$  Gdlkhcbaundrn 5

5$  Chache 1

1$  Nwilëw~he 4

5/10/2018 Hausarbeit SF Nano - slidepdf.com

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/hausarbeit-sf-nano 3/11

 

3(Ndhlnd{~he

Kdn v`wldnenhkn Ac~rcwgnd{ gnrbaëf{de{ rdba jd{ knw Hch`{nbah`l`edn dh knw 

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rdba kcgnd c~f kdn ]w`glnjn ~hk V`w{ndln, unlban kdnrn [nbah`l`edn gnrd{z{(

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ChrbaldnÐnhk udwk ndhnr knw ]w`k~i{d`hrvnwfcawnh füw Jdiw`bad}r ~hk

B`j}~{nw}w`znrr`wnh hëanw nwlë~{nw{( Cj Nhkn knw Cwgnd{ udwk c~r

]lc{zewühknh h~w kcr Vnwfcawnh knw C{`jiwcf{*Jdiw`ri`}dn !CFJ$ z~w 

Jnrr~he knw Hch`r{w~i{~wnh v`wenr{nll{( Nr rnd chenjnwi{, kcrr kdnr hdba{kcr ndhzder{n Vnwfcawnh z~w Jnrr~he v`h Hch`r{w~i{~wnh dr{(

Udw rdhk gnwnd{r onknh [ce v`h Hch`{nbah`l`edn ~jengnh, c~ba unhh udw nr

hdba{ ndhjcl udrrnh( B`j}~{nw, Achktr, Gncjnw, ]lcrjcfnwhrnanw, kdn

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jd{ Kdhenh dh knhnh jch indhn Hch`{nbahdi vnwj~{n{, udn z(G( knw 

[nlnf`hchrbal~rr( Ügnw kdnrnr zundckwden Icgnl ucw gdr v`w ndhdenh Ocawnh

‘h~w“ kcr [nlnf`hdnwnh jöeldba(3 An~{n ichh jch ügnw kdnrnr Icgnl hdba{

h~w [nlnf`hdnwnh, r`hknwh nj}fëhe{ rndh Fnwhrna}w`ewcjj ~hk knh KRL*

Dh{nwhn{chrbal~rr elndbaznd{de, djjnw h`ba ügnw zund I~}fnwcknwh( Kdnr dr{

ngnhfcllr h~w k~wba Hch`{nbahdi jöeldba( Hn~n Cle`wd{ajnh, rbahnllnwn

Wnbahnw ~hk kdn kcwc~r nh{r{nanhkn Kc{nhi`j}wnrrd`h jcbanh nr jöeldba

~hk kcgnd rdhk kdn Jdiw`bad}r hdba{ enucbarnh, r`hknwh u~wknh djjnw 

ilndhnw dj Lc~fn knw _nd{( Cgnw ~j kdnrn Kdhen z~ nwfdhknh gnhö{de{n jch

ndhn enwc~jn _nd{, gdr Vnwfcawnh nh{udbinl{ u~wknh ~hk kdn gnhö{de{nh

Jcrbadhnh ilndh enh~e ucwnh ~j kdn Hch`{nbahdi r` nffdzdnh{ ndhz~rn{znh,

kcrr rdn kdnrn Kdhen v`llgwdhenh ichh `ahn kcr udw kcgnd ndhn R{öw~he

nj}fdhknh(

3 A`ffjchh, Jcw{dh? Hch`{nbah`l`edn dh knw Jdiw`nlni{w`hdi ~hk Dhf`wjc{d`hr{nbahdi ‒ jnaw clr h~w Hch`}cw{dinl( Dh? Rbanwzgnwe, Cwh`/Unhk`wff, O`cbadj*A(? Hch`{nbah`l`edn,Kn Ew~t{nw ‟Wnba{, Gnwldh 7==4, R( 32

5/10/2018 Hausarbeit SF Nano - slidepdf.com

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/hausarbeit-sf-nano 4/11

 

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5/10/2018 Hausarbeit SF Nano - slidepdf.com

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/hausarbeit-sf-nano 5/11

 

7(7 Kdn Ricldnw~he ~hk kdn C~rudwi~he c~f kdn F~hi{d`hrundrn

Kdnrn enwdhen EwöÐn ndhnr Jdiw`bad}r ac{ cllnwkdher c~ba nwangldban

 Hcba{ndln( Kcz~ ndh Gndr}dnl?

Unhh jch clln Ich{nhlëhenh c~f 3/3= vnwilndhnw{, r` vnwwdhenw{ rdba kdn

@gnwflëban c~f 3/3== !@gnwflëban : Ich{nhlëhen·$( Ndhnh h`ba ewöÐnwnh

Nffni{ ac{ kdn Vnwilndhnw~he c~f kcr V`l~jnh ~hk kcjd{ c~ba c~f kdn

Jcrrn( Kdnrn vnwwdhenw{ rdba c~f 3/3=== !V`l~jnh : Ich{nhlëhen²$(

Unhh c~ba h~h knw Udknwr{chk knr vnwilndhnw{nh Jdiw`bad}r enhc~nw 

  gn{wcba{n{ udwk r{nll{ jch fnr{ kcr kdnrnw Unw{ ~j kcr 3=*fcban chr{nde{

!Udknwr{chk : r}nzdfdrbanw Udknwr{chk !Ich{nhlëhen / @gnwflëban$$( KdnrnNffni{n gnudwinh, kcrr kdn Bad}nh{udbilnw rdba enzu~henh rnanh, chknwn

Jc{nwdcldnh clr Cl~jdhd~j füw kdn Lnd{nwgcahnh z~ h~{znh, unlban ndhnh

enwdhenwnh r}nz( Udknwr{chk c~fundrnh( Cgnw ucw~j gnhö{de{ jch ndhnh r`

enwdhenh Udknwr{chk ügnwac~}{0 Kdn Ch{u`w{ dr{ rbahnll enf~hknh( K~wba

ndhnh aöanwnh Udknwr{chk nwaöa{ rdba kdn Rdehcllc~fznd{, f`leldba udwk knw 

Jdiw`bad} lchercjnw ~hk ‘vnwgwc~ba{“ jnaw R{w`j( Enhc~ kdnr vnwr~ba{

jch oc z~ vnwjndknh, ndhnh lchercjnh Jdiw`bad} anwz~r{nllnh knw z~knj

h`ba dhnffdzdnh{ cwgnd{n{( Kdn Bad}nh{udbilnw fchknh onk`ba ndhnh C~rune(

Rdn hcajnh I~}fnw, unlbanr ndhnh enwdhenwnh r}nz( Udknwr{chk gnrd{z{(6 

‘I~}fnw dr{ ndenh{ldba ‘vnwg`{nh“, kc nr kdn aclglnd{nhknh Ndenhrbacf{nh v`h

Rdldzd~j kwcr{drba vnwëhknw{( Jd{ hn~nh [nbah`l`ednh ichh jch nr cgnw dh knw 

Vnwkwca{~herngnhn r` dr`ldnwnh, kcrr nr knh Aclglnd{nw hdba{ hnec{dv gnndhfl~rrnh

ichh(“ !A`ffjchh, 7==4,R( 32$5 

C~ba kdn Iüal~he knw Jdiw`bad}r udwk nwrbaunw{( K~wba kdn enwdhenwn

@gnwflëban ~hk kcr kn~{ldba vnwwdhenw{n V`l~jnh gnrd{z{ knw Jdiw`bad}r h~w 

h`ba ndhn ë~Ðnwr{ enwdhen Uëwjnic}czd{ë{ !Uëwjnic}czd{ë{ : r}nzdfdrban

Uëwjnic}czd{ë{ Jcrrn$ ~hk ichh r` h~w nwrbaunw{ eniüal{ unwknh(

6

 Gnbijchh, Jcwb` ~hk Lnhz, ]adlld}? ]w`fd{dnwnh v`h Hch`{nbah`l`edn ‒ Dhvnr{jnh{ knw _~i~hf{, Fdhchzg~bavnwlce, R( >7*>45 _d{dnw{ c~r? A`ffjchh, Jcw{dh? Hch`{nbah`l`edn dh knw Jdiw`nlni{w`hdi ~hkDhf`wjc{d`hr{nbahdi ‒ jnaw clr h~w Hch`}cw{dinl( Dh? Rbanwzgnwe, Cwh`/Unhk`wff, O`cbadj*A(? Hch`{nbah`l`edn, Kn Ew~t{nw ‟Wnba{, Gnwldh 7==4, R( 32

5/10/2018 Hausarbeit SF Nano - slidepdf.com

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/hausarbeit-sf-nano 6/11

 

2( Kdn Vnwjnrr~he k~wba kdn C{`jiwcf{*Jdiw`ri`}dn !CFJ$

Kdn C{`jiwcf{*Jdiw`ri`}dn !i~wz? CFJ : nhel( C{`jdb F`wbn Jdbw`rb`}t$

dr{ ndh Vnwfcawnh z~w Jnrr~he v`h Hch`r{w~i{~wnh( CFJ nqdr{dnw{ rnd{ 3416

~hk u~wkn v`h E( Gdhhde, A( W`awnw ~hk B( Enwgnw nh{udbinl{( Kcr ]wdhzd}kdnrnr Jnrrvnwfcawnhr gnw~a{ c~f knw Jnrr~he knw zudrbanhj`lni~lcwnh

Iwëf{n knw ]w`gn ~hk ndhnw Hcknl, unlban h~w unhden hj kühh dr{( Kdnrn

 Hcknl dr{ ch ndhnj Fnknwnlnjnh{ gnfnr{de{ !ndh r` enhchh{nw ‘Bch{dlncvnw“$,

u`k~wba kdn nh{r{nanhkn Cglnhi~he jd{adlfn ndhnr Lcrnwr, unlbanw k~wba

kcr Bch{dlncvnw wnflni{dnw{ udwk, enjnrrnh udwk ~hk k~wba ndhnh B`j}~{nw 

und{nwvnwcwgnd{n{ udwk( ^j `}{djcln Nwenghdrrn z~ nwzdnlnh r`ll{n kdn Hcknl

djjnw knh elndbanh Cgr{chk z~w ]w`gn ndhacl{nh ~hk nqci{ rnhiwnba{

  o~r{dnw{ rndh( C~ba knw Jnrrj`k~r r}dnl{ gnd knw Enhc~deind{ knw 

Jnrr~henh ndhn W`lln( Nr dr{ enhnwnll z~ rcenh, kcrr knw I`h{ci{j`k~r

zucw ndh gnrrnwnr Nwenghdr ldnfnw{, onk`ba hdba{ unhh nr rdba ~j ndhn

Vdnlzcal knw `wechdrbanh ]w`gnh achknl{, unlban knw a`anh Gnlcr{~he knw 

 Hcknl hdba{ r{chkacl{nh ~hk znwr{öw{ unwknh(

2(3 Knw I`h{ci{j`k~r

Dj I`h{ci{j`k~r gnfdhkn{ rdba kdn Hcknl h~w n{uc =,> hj ügnw knw ]w`gn(

Uëawnhk knw Jnrr~he udwi{ ndhn r{cwin Iwcf{ c~f kdn Hcknl ndh unlban knh

Bch{dlncvnw gdne{ ~hk r` ndhn Cglnhi~he knr Lcrnwr anwv`ww~f{( Ndh

Wnenl~herrtr{nj vnwr~ba{ kdn Iwcf{ i`hr{ch{ zudrbanh >*>= hH1 z~ acl{nh(

R`ll{n rdba kdn Iwcf{ h~h r{cwi 

ëhknwh, r` udwk kdnr chachk knw 

Cglnhi~he wnedr{wdnw{ ~hk jd{adlfn

ndhnr B`j}~{nwrtr{njr ewcfdrba

c~renunw{n{( Kcr Wnenl~herrtr{nj

wne~ldnw{ kdn Iwcf{ h~h nh{r}wnbanhk, ~j dh knh C~recherz~r{chk v`h >*

>=hH z~wübiz~inawnh( 4 

1 hH ‒ ‘Hch`hnu{`h“4 Vel( [cllcwdkc J(? C{`jiwcf{*Jdiw`ri`}dn !CFJ$ ‒ [^ B`{{g~r Dj Dh{nwhn{? YLdhi rdnanLd{nwc{~wvnwzndbahdrZ

Cgg( 2 I`h{ci{j`k~r ‒ rbanjc{drban

Cggdlk~he knw Hcknl ~hk knr Bch{dlncvnwr

!en}~hi{n{n Ldhdn nh{r}wdba{ knj

Hcknlvnwlc~f ‒ enr{wndf{n Flëban jcwidnw{ knh

]w`gniöw}nw$ !Gdlk hcbagncwgnd{n{$

5/10/2018 Hausarbeit SF Nano - slidepdf.com

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2(7 Knw Hdba{*I`h{ci{j`k~r

Dj Hdba{*I`h{ci{j`k~r gn{wëe{ knw k~wbarbahd{{ldban Hcknlcgr{chk z~w 

]w`gn jnaw clr 3hj( Gnd kdnrnj Jnrrj`k~r udwk hdba{ jd{ ndhnj Lcrnw kdn

Cglnhi~he gnr{djj{, r`hknwh jd{adlfn ndhnr A`bafwns~nhzenhnwc{`wr(

Kdnrnw udwk v`w knw Jnrr~he c~f kdn gnwnd{r v`wachknhn Rbaudhe~he knw 

  Hcknl o~r{dnw{ !fwndn

Rbaudhe~hercj}ld{~kn$( Unhh

rdba h~h uëawnhk knw Jnrr~he

kdn Rbaudhe~hercj}ld{~kn

vnwilndhnw{ dr{ knw Cgr{chk

zudrbanh Hcknl ~hk ]w`gn ilndhnw enu`wknh !Rdnan Cgg( 2$( Kdnrn

Cgr{chkrëhknw~he udwk, udn c~ba

 gnd knj I`h{ci{j`k~r, v`h ndhnj B`j}~{nwrtr{nj vnwcwgnd{n{ ~hk udnknw 

c~f kdn C~recherfwns~nhz z~wübiengwcba{(3= 

; Rbal~rru`w{

K~wba Hch`{nbahdi ecg nr dh knh ln{z{nh Ocawnh vdnln hn~n Nlni{w`hdicw{dinl

`ahn kdn udw an~{n c~r ~hrnwnj Cll{ce ecw hdba{ jnaw uneknhinh iöhhnh(

Onk`ba ac{ nr lchen engwc~ba{ gdr udw kdn Hch`{nbahdi nffni{dv h~{znh

i`hh{nh( Kdnr lce z~ ndhnj kcwch, kcrr djjnw ilndhnwn Jdiw`bad}r djjnw 

ewöÐnwn ]w`glnjn hcba rdba z`enh ~hk z~j chknwnh kcr kdnrn ]w`glnjn h~w 

enlör{ unwknh i`hh{nh dhknj hn~cw{den Jn{a`knh ~hk R{`ffi`jgdhc{d`hnh

en{nr{n{ unwknh j~rr{nh( Ln{z{nhkldba ac{ kdn Udrrnhrbacf{ nr onk`ba

enrbacff{ kdnrn ]w`glnjn dh knh Ewdff z~ gni`jjnh ~hk kdn Hch`{nbahdi 

füw rdba z~ enudhhnh( Dh knw _~i~hf{ udwk nw h`ba ilndhnwn Jdiw`bad}r

engnh, unlban h`ba nffni{dvnw clr kdn an~{denh rndh unwknh( Jndhn

  }nwröhldban Jndh~he dr{ nr, kcrr kdn _~i~hf{ ~hr h`ba gnrrnwn [nbahdi 

 gwdhenh udwk, c~ba unhh nr ]w`glnjn engnh udw kdn Bad}r h`ba ilndhnw z~

jcbanh( Onk`ba gdh dba z~vnwrdba{ldba, kcrr kdn F`wrba~he c~ba kdnrn

]w`glnjn dh knh Ewdff gni`jjnh udwk(

3= Vel( [cllcwdkc J(? C{`jiwcf{*Jdiw`ri`}dn !CFJ$ ‒ [^ B`{{g~r Dj Dh{nwhn{? YLdhi rdnan

Ld{nwc{~wvnwzndbahdrZ 

Cgg( ; Hdba{*I`h{ci{j`k~r *

rbanjc{drban Cggdlk~he knw Hcknl ~hk

knr Bch{dlncvnwr !Rbaudhe~hercj}ld{~kndh w`{ ‒ en}~hi{n{n Ldhdnh nh{r}wnbanh knw

jdhdjclnh/jcqdjclnh C~rlnhi~he ‒ 

enr{wndf{n Flëban jcwidnw{ knh

]w`gniöw}nw$ !Gdlk hcbagncwgnd{n{$

5/10/2018 Hausarbeit SF Nano - slidepdf.com

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/hausarbeit-sf-nano 8/11

 

Ld{nwc{~wvnwzndbahdr

3$  A`ffjchh, Jcw{dh? Hch`{nbah`l`edn dh knw Jdiw`nlni{w`hdi ~hkDhf`wjc{d`hr{nbahdi ‒ jnaw clr h~w Hch`}cw{dinl( Dh? Rbanwzgnwe,Cwh`/Unhk`wff, O`cbadj*A(? Hch`{nbah`l`edn, Kn Ew~t{nw ‟Wnba{,Gnwldh 7==4, R( 32

7$  Gnbijchh, Jcwb` ~hk Lnhz, ]adlld}? ]w`fd{dnwnh v`h Hch`{nbah`l`edn ‒ Dhvnr{jnh{ knw _~i~hf{, Fdhchzg~bavnwlce, R( >7*>4

2$  F`{`ld{a`ewcfdn !Udid}nkdc$ Dj Dh{nwhn{?a{{}?//kn(udid}nkdc(`we/udid/F`{`ld{a`ewcfdnP!Aclglnd{nw{nbahdi$ 

;$  F`{`wnrdr{ !Udid}nkdc$ Dj Dh{nwhn{?a{{}?//kn(udid}nkdc(`we/udid/F`{`wnrdr{ 

>$  [cllcwdkc, J(, C{`jiwcf{*Jdiw`ri`}dn !CFJ$ ‒ [^ B`{{g~ra{{}?//uuu(}atrdi({~*b`{{g~r(kn/}atrdi/q}7/hnua}/fdlnckjdh/Lnawn/F]wci{di~j/C{`jiwcf {jdiw`ri`}dn(}kf  

_~enaöwden Rnd{n?

a{{}?//uuu(}atrdi({~*b`{{g~r(kn/}atrdi/q}7/hnua}/dhknq(}a}0dk:}wci{ 

5/10/2018 Hausarbeit SF Nano - slidepdf.com

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/hausarbeit-sf-nano 9/11

 

Gdlkhcbaundrn

Cgg( 3 [d{nlgdlk? a{{}?//uuu(r}dnenl(kn/dje/=,3=7=,323327,==(o}e Nh{h`jjnh c~r?a{{}?//uuu(r}dnenl(kn/hn{zunl{/ung/=,3>31,7>21=3,==(a{jl  K]C

Cgg( 7 R~g{wci{dvn F`{`ld{a`ewcfdn?

a{{}?//~}l`ck(udidjnkdc(`we/udid}nkdc/b`jj`hr/4/4>/[t*Ld{a`ewc}atChk]c{{nwh[wchrfnwGtN{badhe*kn(rve Nh{h`jjnh c~r?a{{}?//kn(udid}nkdc(`we/u/dhknq(}a}0{d{ln:Kc{nd?[t*Ld{a`ewc}atChk]c{{nwh[wchrfnwGtN{badhe*kn(rve&fdln{djnr{cj}:7==537363>=6>6 

Cgg( 2 I`h{ci{j`k~r ‒ rbanjc{drban Cggdlk~he knw Hcknl ~hk knr Bch{dlncvnwr

Nh{h`jjnh c~r?Ld{nwc{~w Y>Z?[cllcwdkc, J(, C{`jiwcf{*Jdiw`ri`}dn !CFJ$ ‒ [^ B`{{g~r R( 7

a{{}?//uuu(}atrdi({~*b`{{g~r(kn/}atrdi/q}7/hnua}/fdlnckjdh/Lnawn/F]wci{di~j/C{`jiwcf {jdiw`ri`}dn(}kf  

Cgg( ;  Hdba{* I`h{ci{j`k~r ‒ rbanjc{drban Cggdlk~he knw Hcknl ~hk knr

Bch{dlncvnwr

Nh{h`jjnh c~r?Ld{nwc{~w Y>Z

[cllcwdkc, J(, C{`jiwcf{*Jdiw`ri`}dn !CFJ$ ‒ [^ B`{{g~r R( 2a{{}?//uuu(}atrdi({~*b`{{g~r(kn/}atrdi/q}7/hnua}/fdlnckjdh/Lnawn/F]wci{di~j/C{`jiwcf {jdiw`ri`}dn(}kf  

5/10/2018 Hausarbeit SF Nano - slidepdf.com

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/hausarbeit-sf-nano 10/11

 

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5/10/2018 Hausarbeit SF Nano - slidepdf.com

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/hausarbeit-sf-nano 11/11

 

Nwilëw~he

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