vfr charts symbols

8/6/2019 VFR Charts Symbols

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8

VFR AERONAUTICAL CHART SYMBOLS

AERONAUTICAL INFORMATION

AIRPORTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

RADIO AIDS TO NAVIGATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

AIRSPACE INFORMATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

NAVIGATIONAL AND PROCEDURAL INFORMATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

CHART LIMITS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

TOPOGRAPHIC INFORMATION

CULTURE

RAILROADS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

ROADS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

POPULATED PLACES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

BOUNDARIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

MISCELLANEOUS CULTURAL FEATURES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

HYDROGRAPHY

SHORELINES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

LAKES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

RESERVOIRS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

STREAMS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

MISCELLANEOUS HYDROGRAPHIC FEATURES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

RELIEF

CONTOURS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

ELEVATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

UNRELIABLE RELIEF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27SHADED RELIEF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

AREA RELIEF FEATURES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

MISCELLANEOUS RELIEF FEATURES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27


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9

HELICOPTER ROUTE CHARTS

AIRPORTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28




CULTURE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32HYDROGRAPHY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

RELIEF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

VFR FLYWAY PLANNING CHARTSAIRPORTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33




CULTURE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

HYDROGRAPHY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

RELIEF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

GENERAL INFORMATION

Symbols shown are for World Aeronautical Charts (WACs), Sectional Aeronautical Charts (Sectionals), Terminal AreaCharts (TACs), VFR Flyway Planning Charts and Helicopter Route Charts. When a symbol is different on any VFRchart series, it will be annotated as such (e.g. WAC or Not shown on WAC).


3/29

VFR AERONAUTICAL CHARTS - Aeronautical Information 10

AIRPORTS

LANDPLANE: CIVIL

Airports having con-trol towers (CT) are

shown in blue, all oth-ers are shown in

magenta.

All recognizable run-ways, including somewhich may be closed,

are shown for visualidentification pur-poses.

Refueling and repairfacilities for normaltraffic.

Runway patterns willbe depicted at air-ports with at least onehard surface runway1500 or greater in

length.

SEAPLANE: CIVILAERONAUTICALINFORMATION

LANDPLANE:CIVIL-MILITARY

LANDPLANE:MILITARY

Refueling and repairfacilities not indi-cated.

LANDPLANE:EMERGENCY

No facilities

or

Complete informa-tion is not available.

Add appropriate noteas required:(CLOSED)

SEAPLANE:EMERGENCY

No facilities or com-plete information isnot available.

HELIPORT(Selected)

ULTRALIGHT FLIGHTPARK

(Selected)

AIRPORT DATAGROUPING

(Pvt) - Non-public usehaving emergency orlandmark value.

AIRPORTS


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11 VFR AERONAUTICAL CHARTS - Aeronautical Information

RADIO AIDS TO NAVIGATION

VHFOMNI-DIRECTIONALRADIO (VOR) RANGE

VOR

VORTAC

When an NDBNAVAID shares the

same name andMorse Code astheVOR NAVAID thefrequency can becolocated inside the

same box to conservespace.

VOR-DME

NON-DIRECTIONALRADIOBEACON(NDB)

NDB-DME

{

ILS COMPONENTS

Shown when compo-nent of airway sys-tem or used in thedescription of Class B

airspace.

BROADCASTSTATIONS (BS)

On request by theproper authority orwhen a VFR Check-

point.

FLIGHT SERVICESTATION (FSS)

REMOTECOMMUNICATIONSOUTLET (RCO)



5/29


AIR FORCE STATION(AFS)

LONG RANGE

RADAR STATION(LRRS)

OFF AIRPORTAWOS/ASOS

AIRSPACE INFORMATION

CLASS B AIRSPACE

Appropriate notes asrequired may beshown.

Only the airspaceeffective below18,000 feet MSL are

shown.

(Mode C seeFAR 91.215 /AIM)

All mileagesare nautical (NM).

All radialsare magnetic.


LAS

0 0 2

CLASS C AIRSPACE



CLASS D AIRSPACE



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CLASS E AIRSPACE

The limits of Class Eairspace shall beshown by narrowvignettes or by thedashed magenta

symbol. Individualunits of designated

airspace are not nec-essarily shown;

instead, the aggre-

gate lateral and verti-cal limits shall bedefined by the follow-

ing:

Airspace beginning atthe surface (sfc) des-

ignated around air-ports ...

Airspace beginning at700 feet AGL ...

Airspace beginning at1200 feet AGL or

greater that abutsuncontrolled air-

space (Class G) ...

Differentiates floorsof airspace greaterthan 700 feet abovethe surface...

When the ceiling isless than 18,000 feetMSL, the value, pre-fixed by the word"ceiling, shall be

shown along the lim-its.

OFFSHORECONTROL AREAS


CANADIAN AIRSPACE

Individual units ofdesignated Canadian

airspace are not nec-essarily shown;

instead, the aggre-gate lateral and verti-cal limits shall be

portrayed as closelyas possible to thecomparable U.S. air-

space.


AIRSPACE OUTSIDEOF U.S.

Other than Canada


FLIGHTINFORMATIONREGIONS (FIR)and /or (CTA)

OCEANICCONTROL AREAS(OCA)



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SPECIAL AIRTRAFFIC RULES /

AIRPORT PATTERNS(FAR 93)

Appropriate boxednote as requiredshown adjacent toarea.

SPACEOPERATIONS

AREA(FAR 91.143)

MODE C(FAR 91.215)


MISCELLANEOUSAIRSPACE AREAS

Parachute JumpingArea with Frequency

GliderOperating Area

UltralightActivity

Hang GliderActivity

SPECIALCONSERVATION

AREAS

National Park,Wildlife Refuge,Primitive andWilderness Areas,etc.


SPECIAL AIRSPACEAREAS

SPECIAL FEDERALAVIATIONREGULATIONS(SFAR) AREAS


Note. Delimiting linenot shown when itcoincides with Inter-

national Boundary,projection lines orother linear features.

FLIGHT RESTRICTEDZONE RELATING TONATIONAL SECURITY

Example:

Washington DC


AIR DEFENSEIDENTIFICATIONZONE (ADIZ)



TEMPORARY FLIGHTRESTRICTION (TFR)RELATING TONATIONAL SECURITY

Example:P-40/R-4009



CAUTIONP-40 AND R-4009 EXPANDED BY

TEMPORARY FLIGHT RESTRICTION.

CONTACT AFSS FOR LATEST STATUS

AND NOTAMS


9/29


NATIONALSECURITY AREA


HIGH ENERGYRADIATION

AREAS


TERMINAL RADARSERVICE AREA(TRSA)




IFR ROUTES


Arrival

Departure

TRANSITION ROUTES


Uni-directional

Bi-directional

NAVIGATIONAL AND PROCEDURAL INFORMATION

ISOGONIC LINE &VALUE

Isogonic lines andvalues shall be basedon the five year epoch

magnetic variationmodel.

LOCAL MAGNETICNOTES

UnreliabilityNotes

COMPASS ROSETTE

Shown only in areasvoid of VOR roses.

Compass rosette willbe based on the fiveyear epoch magnetic

variation model.

VFR TRANSITION ROUTE

ATC CLEARANCE REQUIRED

SEE SHOWBOAT GRAPHICON SIDE PANEL


10/29


INTERSECTIONS

Named intersectionsused as reporting

points. Arrows aredirected toward facili-ties which establish

intersection.

AERONAUTICALLIGHTS

AERONAUTICALLIGHTS


Site #

MARINE LIGHTS

With Characteristicsof Light

VISUAL GROUNDSIGNS

Shore andLandmarkers

VFR CHECKPOINTS

VFR WAYPOINTS

Stand-Alone

Collocated withVFR Checkpoint



11/29


OBSTRUCTION

GROUPOBSTRUCTION

HIGH-INTENSITYOBSTRUCTIONLIGHTS

High-intensity lightsmay operate part-time.

WINDMILL FARMS

When highest wind-mill is unverified, UCwill be shown afterMSL value.

MAXIMUMELEVATIONFIGURE (MEF)

(see page 2 for expla-

nation).

WARNING ANDCAUTION NOTES

Used when specificarea is not demar-cated.


CHART LIMITS

OUTLINE ONSECTIONAL OFTERMINAL AREACHART

OUTLINE ONSECTIONAL OFINSET CHART


12/29

19 VFR AERONAUTICAL CHARTS - Topographic Information

CULTURE

RAILROADS

All gauges

Single TrackTOPOGRAPHICINFORMATION

Double Track

More ThanTwo Tracks

Electric

RAILROADS INJUXTAPOSITION

RAILROAD-NONOPERATING,ABANDONED,DESTROYEDOR UNDERCONSTRUCTION

RAILROAD YARDS

Limiting Track ToScale

Location Only

RAILROADSTATIONS

RAILROAD SIDINGSAND SHORT SPURS

ROADS

Dual-LaneDivided HighwayCategory 1

PrimaryCategory 2

SecondaryCategory 2

TRAILS

Category 3

Provides symboliza-

tion for dismantledrailroad when com-bined with label "dis-mantled railroad."

ROAD MARKERS

Interstate RouteNo.

U.S. Route No.

Air MarkedIdentification Label

ROAD NAMES

ROADS UNDERCONSTRUCTION

Features Related toRailroads and Roads

CULTURE


13/29

VFR AERONAUTICAL CHARTS - Topographic Information 20

BRIDGESAND VIADUCTS

Railroad

Road

OVERPASSES ANDUNDERPASSES

CAUSEWAYS

TUNNELS-ROADAND RAILROAD

POPULATEDPLACES

Large CitiesCategory 1

Cities and

Large TownsCategory 2

POPULATEDPLACES

Towns and VillagesCategory 3

CULTURE

FERRIES, FERRYSLIPS AND FORDS

PROMINENTFENCES

BOUNDARIES

International

State orProvince

Convention orMandate Line

Date Line

CULTURE


14/29


TIME ZONES

MINES ORQUARRIES

Shaft Minesor Quarries

POWERTRANSMISSION &TELECOMMUNICA-TION LINES

PIPELINES

Underground

DAMS

DAM CARRYINGROAD

PASSABLE LOCKS

CULTURE

SMALL LOCKS

WEIRS ANDJETTIES

SEAWALLS

BREAKWATERS

PIERS, WHARFS,QUAYS, ETC.

MISCELLANEOUSCULTURALFEATURES

OUTDOORTHEATER

WELLS

Other Than Water

CULTURE


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RACE TRACKS

LOOKOUT TOWERS

Air markedidentification

LANDMARK AREAS

TANKS

COAST GUARDSTATION

AERIAL

CABLEWAYS,CONVEYORS, ETC.

HYDROGRAPHY

OPEN WATER

INLAND WATER

CULTURE

618 (Elevation Base of Tower)

SHORELINES

Definite

Fluctuating

UnsurveyedIndefinite

Man-made

LAKES

Label as required

Perennial

When too numerousto show individual

lakes, show represen-tative pattern anddescriptive note.

Non-Perennial

(dry, intermittent, etc.)Illustration includes

small perennial lake

RESERVOIRS

Natural Shorelines

Man-madeShorelines

Label when neces-

sary for clarity

Too small to show toscale

Under Construc-tion

HYDROGRAPHY


16/29


STREAMS

Perennial

Non-Perennial

Fanned Out

Alluvial fanMISCELLA-

NEOUS HYDRO-GRAPHICFEATURES

Braided

Disappearing

SeasonallyFluctuating

with undefined limits

with maximum banklimits, prominent andconstant

Sand Deposits Inand AlongRiverbeds

HYDROGRAPHY

WET SAND AREAS

Within and adjacentto desert areas

AQUEDUCTS

Abandoned orUnderConstruction

Underground

Suspended orElevated

Tunnels

Kanats

Underground aque-duct with air vents

HYDROGRAPHY


17/29


FLUMES,PENSTOCKS ANDSIMILAR FEATURES

Elevated

Underground

FALLS

Double-Line

Single-Line

RAPIDS

Double-Line

Single-Line

CANALS

HYDROGRAPHY

To Scale

Abandoned orUnderConstruction

Abandonedto Scale

SMALL CANALSAND DRAINAGE /IRRIGATIONDITCHES

Perennial

Non-Perennial

Abandonedor Ancient

NumerousRepresentative pat-tern and/or descrip-tive note.

Numerous

HYDROGRAPHY


18/29


COASTAL HYDRO-GRAPHIC FEATURESSALT EVAPORATORS

AND SALT PANSMAN EXPLOITED

SWAMPS, MARSHESAND BOGS

HUMMOCKS ANDRIDGES

MANGROVE ANDNIPA

PEAT BOGS

TUNDRA

CRANBERRY BOGS

RICE PADDIES

Extensive areas indi-cated by label only.

HYDROGRAPHY

peat bog

LAND SUBJECT TOINUNDATION

SPRINGS, WELLSAND WATERHOLES

GLACIERS

GLACIAL MORAINES

ICE CLIFFS

SNOWFIELDS, ICEFIELDS AND ICECAPS

ICE PEAKS

FORESHORE FLATS

Tidal flats exposed atlow tide.

HYDROGRAPHY


19/29


ROCKS-ISOLATED

Bare or Awash

WRECKS

Exposed

REEFS-ROCKYOR CORAL

MISCELLANEOUSUNDERWATERFEATURES NOTOTHERWISESYMBOLIZED

FISH PONDS AND

HATCHERIES

ICE

PermanentPolar Ice

Pack Ice

HYDROGRAPHY

RELIEF

CONTOURS

Basic

Approximate

Intermediate

Auxiliary

Depression

Illustration includesmound withindepression

Values

2000

1000


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SPOT ELEVATIONSELEVATIONS

Position Accurate

Position Accurate,

ElevationApproximate

UNRELIABLE RELIEFApproximatelocation

Highest in GeneralArea

Highest on Chart

MOUNTAIN PASS

HACHURING

UNSURVEYEDAREAS

Label appropriatelyas required

UNCONTOUREDAREAS

Label appropriatelyas required

DISTORTEDSURFACE

AREAS

LAVA FLOWS

RELIEF

12632

RELIEF DATA INCOMPLETE

lava

SAND OR GRAVELAREAS

SAND RIDGES

To Scale

SAND DUNES

To Scale

SHADED RELIEF

ROCK STRATAOUTCROP

AREA RELIEF FEA-TURES

QUARRIES TOSCALE

STRIP MINES, MINEDUMPS ANDTAILINGS

To Scale

CRATERS

MISCELLANEOUSRELIEF FEATURES

ESCARPMENTS,BLUFFS, CLIFFS,DEPRESSIONS, ETC.

LEVEES ANDESKERS

RELIEF


21/29

HELICOPTER ROUTE CHARTS - Aeronautical Information 28

AIRPORTS

LANDPLANE

All recognizable run-ways, including somewhich may be closed,

are shown for visualidentification.

HELICOPTER ROUTECHARTS

HELIPORT

SEAPLANE

ULTRALIGHTFLIGHT PARK

AIRPORT DATAGROUPING

Boxed airport nameindicates airport forwhich a Special Traf-fic Rule has beenestablished.

(Pvt) - Non-public use

having emergency orlandmark value.


VHFOMNI-DIRECTIONALRADIO (VOR) RANGE

VOR

VORTAC

When an NDBNAVAID shares the

same name andMorse Code astheVOR NAVAID thefrequency can be

colocated inside thesame box to conservespace.

VOR-DME


NDB-DME

{


22/29

29 HELICOPTER ROUTE CHARTS - Aeronautical Information

NAVAIDS USEDTO DEFINECLASS B AIRSPACE

BROADCAST

STATIONS (BS)

On request by theproper authority orwhen a VFR Check-

point.

FLIGHT SERVICESTATION (FSS)

REMOTE

COMMUNICATIONSOUTLET (RCO)

RADIO AIDS TO NAVIGATION AIRSPACE INFORMATION

CLASS B AIRSPACE

Appropriate notes asrequired may beshown. (Mode C seeFAR 91.215/AIM)

All mileages arenautical (NM)

All radials aremagnetic.

CLASS C AIRSPACEAppropriate notes asrequired may beshown. (Mode C seeFAR 91.215/AIM)

CLASS D AIRSPACEHELICOPTER ROUTECHARTS


23/29

HELICOPTER ROUTE CHARTS - Aeronautical Information 30

CLASS E SURFACE(SFC) AIRSPACE



Example:Washington DC






CANADIAN AIRSPACE


HELICOPTERROUTES



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31 HELICOPTER ROUTE CHARTS - Aeronautical Information

SPECIAL USEAIRSPACE

Only the airspaceeffective below18,000 feet MSL is

shown.

The type of area shallbe spelled out in largeareas if space per-mits.

MILITARY TRAININGROUTES (MTR)


AIRPORT TRAFFICAREAS(FAR PART 93)

Appropriate boxednotes as requiredshown adjacent toarea.

MODE C(FAR 91.215)



Parachute Jumping

Area with Frequency


UltralightActivity

Hang GliderActivity

SPECIALCONSERVATION

AREAS

National Park,

Wildlife Refuge,Primitive andWilderness Areas,etc.



AIRSPACE INFORMATION NAVIGATIONAL AND PROCEDURAL INFORMATION

VFR CHECKPOINTS

VFR WAYPOINTS

Stand-Alone


OBSTRUCTIONS

MAXIMUMELEVATION FIGURE(MEF)

(see page 2 for expla-nation).

NAVIGATION DATA


25/29

HELICOPTER ROUTE CHARTS - Topographic Information 32

WARNING ANDCAUTION NOTES

LOCAL MAGNETICNOTES

UnreliabilityNotes

CULTURE

RAILROADSSingle Track

Double Track

ROADSDual-Lane:Divided HighwaysMajor Boulevards &Major Streets

Primary

BRIDGES

POPULATEDPLACES

Built-up Areas

BOUNDARIES

International

State andProvincial


POWERTRANSMISSIONLINES

PROMINENTPICTORIALS

LANDMARKS

HYDROGRAPHY

SHORELINES

MAJOR LAKES ANDRIVERS

RESERVOIRS

RELIEF

SPOT ELEVATIONS

Position Accurate

CULTURE


26/29

33 VFR FLYWAY PLANNING CHARTS - Aeronautical Information

AIRPORTS

LANDPLANE

No distinction ismade between air-ports with servicesand those withoutservices. Runwaysmay be exaggeratedto clearly portray the

pattern. Hard-sur-faced runways which

are closed but stillexist are included inthe charted pattern.

FAR 91 - Fixed wingspecial VFR opera-tions prohibited.

(Pvt) - Non-public usehaving emergency orlandmark value.

VFR FLYWAY PLAN-NING CHARTS


VHFOMNI-DIRECTIONALRADIO RANGE (VOR)

VOR

VORTAC

VOR-DME


NDB-DME

NAVAIDS USED TODEFINE CLASS B

AIRSPACE


CLASS B AIRSPACE



All mileages arenautical (NM).

All radialsare magnetic.

CLASS C AIRSPACE


(Mode C seeFAR 91.215/AIM)

CLASS D AIRSPACE


27/29

VFR FLYWAY PLANNING CHARTS - Aeronautical Information 34

CLASS E SURFACE(SFC) AIRSPACE



Example:Washington DC





TEMPORARY FLIGHTRESTRICTION (TFR)RELATING TONATIONAL SECURITY

Example:



CAUTIONP-40 AND R-4009 EXPANDED BY

TEMPORARY FLIGHT RESTRICTION.

CONTACT AFSS FOR LATEST STATUS

AND NOTAMS.

SUGGESTED VFRFLYWAY AND

ALTITUDE

IFR ROUTES

Appropriate notesas required maybe shown.

Arrival

Departure

TRANSITION ROUTES


Uni-directional

Bi-directional

SPECIAL USEAIRSPACE

Only the airspaceeffective below18,000 feet MSL is

shown.

MILITARY TRAININGROUTES (MTR)


VFR TRANSITION ROUTE

ATC CLEARANCE REQUIRED

SEE SHOWBOAT GRAPHIC

ON SIDE PANEL


28/29

35 VFR FLYWAY PLANNING CHARTS - Aeronautical Information


AIRPORT TRAFFICAREAS(FAR Part 93)

Appropriate boxednote as requiredshown adjacent toarea.

MODE C(FAR 91.215)




Parachute JumpingArea


UltralightActivity

Hang GliderActivity

AIRSPACE INFORMATION NAVIGATIONAL AND PROCEDURAL INFORMATION

VFR CHECKPOINTS

VFR WAYPOINTS

Stand-Alone


OBSTRUCTIONS

Only those obstaclesspecified by the localATC Facility shall beshown.

Above Ground Level(AGL) heights are not

shown.

NAVIGATIONAL DATA


29/29

VFR FLYWAY PLANNING CHARTS - Topographic Information 36

CULTURE

RAILROADS

Single andMultiple Tracks

ROADS

Dual-Lane

Divided Highway

Primary

POPULATEDPLACES

Built-up Areas

Towns

BOUNDARIES

International

POWERTRANSMISSIONLINES

PROMINENTPICTORIALS

LANDMARKS

HYDROGRAPHY

SHORELINES

MAJOR LAKESAND RIVERS

RESERVOIRS

HARBOR FREEWAY

110

POWER PLANT

RELIEF

Spot Elevations

Position AccurateMountain Peaks

vfr charts symbols

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