zukünftige beschleunigerprojekte am cern frank zimmermann jahresversammlung des kommittees für...
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Zukünftige Beschleunigerprojekte am CERN
Frank ZimmermannJahresversammlung des Kommittees für
BeschleunigerphysikDarmstadt, 29 November 2013
Thanks to R. Aleksan, R. Assmann, A. Blondel, O. Brüning, A. Butterworth, Y. Cai, R. Calaga, O. Dominguez, J. Ellis, B. Holzer, P. Janot, E. Jensen, M. Klein, M. Koratzinos,
S. Myers, K. Ohmi, K. Oide, J. Osborne, L. Rossi, R. Schmidt J. Seeman, V. Telnov, R. Tomas, J. Wenninge, U. Wienands, K. Yokoya, M. Zanetti, …
, r
Work supported by the European Commission under Capacities 7th Framework Programme, Grant Agreement 312453
LHC: pp, AA & pA Kollisionen höchster Energiepp Parameter:
ECM =
14 TeV design
8 TeV in 2012
L = 1034 cm-2s-1
1983 LEP Note 440 - S. Myers and W. Schnell proposetwin-ring pp collider in LEP tunnel with 9-T dipoles
1991 CERN Council: LHC approval in principle1992 EoI, LoI of experiments 1993 SSC termination 1994 CERN Council: LHC approval1995-98 cooperation w.Japan,India,Russia,Canada,&US 2000 LEP completion2006 last s.c. dipole delivered2008 first beam2010 first collisions at 3.5 TeV beam energy 2015 collisions at ~design energy (plan)
>30 years!now is the time to plan for ~2040
LHC – historische Entstehung
C. Grojean, 2nd LEP3/TLEP workshop, 18 June 2012
DIE Frage der nächsten Jahrzehnte
kreisförmige Higgs-Fabriken
epgge+e-
pp
LHeCSAPPHiRETLEPVHE-LHC/TLEP
ERL LHeC:recirculatinglinac withenergy recovery
)Large Hadron electron Collider (LHeC)100 MW total wall-plug power,Lep up to 2x1034 cm-2s-1
next LHeC workshopChavannes-de-Bogis20-21 January 2014indico.cern.chconfId=278903
two SC linacs, 3-pass up, 3-pass down; 6.4-mA 60-GeV e-’s collide w. LHC p/ions, e- RF grad ~20 MV/m, 800 MHz
(C=1/3 LHC allows for ion clearing gaps)A. Bogacz, O. Brüning, M. Klein, D. Schulte, F. Zimmermann, et al
LHeC ERL Anlage
s-channel production;lower energy;no e+ source
few J pulseenergy with l~350 nm
Source: Fiber lasers and amplifiers: an ultrafast performance evolution, Jens Limpert, Thomas Schreiber, and Andreas Tünnermann, Applied Optics, Vol. 49, No. 25 (2010)
power evolution of cw double-clad fiber lasers with diffraction limited beam quality over the past decade: factor 100 increase!
K. Moenig et al, DESY Zeuthen
passive optical cavity → relaxed laser parameters
physics
IR
laser optical cavity
gg Higgs-Fabrik?
SAPPHiRE: Small Accelerator for Photon-Photon Higgs production using Recirculating Electrons
scale ~ European XFEL,about 10-20k Higgs per year
Reconfigured LHeC
SAPPHiRE gg Higgs-Fabrik100 MW total wall-plug power, Lgg ~6x1032 cm-2s-1
Y. Zaouter, Amplitude Systems
J. Gronberg, LLNL
G. Mourou, LOA;M. Velasco, Northwestern U.
10 J at 10 kHz
EuCARD SAPPHiRE Day 19 February 2013
full powerw/o opticalcavity!
industry Livermore
ICAN
Laseroptionen für SAPPHiRE
(1 year = 107 s at design luminosity).
machine LHeC LHeC-HF SAPPHiRE
luminosity [1034 cm-2s-1]
0.1 (ep) 2 (ep) 0.06 ( gg>125 GeV)
Higgs production cross section
~200 fb ~200 fb >1.7 pb
no. Higgs/yr 2k 40k >10k
Vergleich der ep & gg Higgs-Fabriken
European Strategyemphasizes high-energy
pp & e+e- collisions
J. Osborne, C. Waaijer, CERN, ARUP & GADZ,submitted to European Strategy Symposium 2012
ein 80-100 km Tunnel bei Genf
TLEP/VHE-LHC
“Of course, it should not be the size of an accelerator, but its
costs which must be minimized.”
Gustav-Adolf Voss,builder of PETRA,
† 5. October 2013
ist 80-100 km zu groβ?
energy = 91, 160, 240, 350 & 500 GeV c.m.circumference ~100 kmtotal SR power ≤ 100 MW#IPs = 2 or 4 beam-beam tune shift / IP scaled from LEPluminosity / IP ~ 5x1034 cm-2s-1 at the Higgs
~1000 x LEP2top-up injectionby* = 1 mm ~ sz
TLEP (e+e-) Hauptparameter
b* - historischer Trendyearb* [m]
PETRA
SPEAR
PEP, BEPC, LEP
CESR
DORISTRISTAN
DAFNE
CESR-c, PEP-II
KEKB
BEPC-II
SuperKEKBTLEP
𝜎 ∗=√𝜀𝛽∗IP beam size
beam commissioning will start in early 2015
• by*=300 mm (TLEP: 1 mm)• lifetime 5 min (TLEP: ~15min)• ey/ex=0.25% ! (TLEP: 0.2%)• off momentum acceptance
(±1.5%, TLEP: ±2%)• e+ production rate (2.5x1012/s,
TLEP: <1x1011/s)
SuperKEKB wird TLEP Machbarkeit zeigen
S. HendersonTLEP-Z
TLEP-W
TLEP-H
TLEP-t
Luminosität von e+e- colliders
ultimate precisionat Z, WW, ZH ;sensitive to New Physics in multi-TeV range & to SM closure → case for VHE-LHC
ultimate energy reach up to 1 or 3 TeV ;direct searchesfor New Physics
Luminosität von e+e- Higgs-Fabriken
TLEP Herausforderungenshort beam lifetime from Bhabha scattering
lifetime limit from beamstrahlung
highly efficient SRF system (+ cheap magnets)
synchrotron radiation
quasi continuous top up injection
flat beams (small vertical emittance)final focus with large E acceptance
>50% wall plug to beam power per meter & critical energy
more benign than for other rings
A. Blondel
hohe Luminosität → booster ring
for top up injectioninto collider
Teilchenphysik bei TLEP?
and much more
John EllisKing’s CollegeLondon
LHC is the 1st Higgs factory! ECM=8-14 TeV,1034cm-2s-1
HL-LHC (~2022-2030): ECM=14 TeV,5x1034cm-2s-1 (leveled)
VHE-LHC/FHC in new ~100 km tunnel (2040?)ECM=100 TeV,1034cm-2s-1
1 M Higgs produced so far – more to come!15 H bosons / min – and more to come
10x more Higgs
42x higher cross sectionfor H self coupling
pp Higgs-Fabriken
0
5
10
15
20
0 20 40 60 80
Op
erat
iona
l fie
ld (T
)
Coil width (mm)
HE-LHC
LHCSSC
HeraTevatron
RHIC
D20 (max. reached)
HD2(max. reached)
Nb-Ti
Nb3Sn
HTS
Fresca2
McIntyre
VHE-LHC
höheres Feld → Technologiewechsel
E. Todesco,L. Rossi
wo stehen wir mit Nb3Sn?
E. Todesco, L. BotturaNb3Sn performance has greatly improved (doubled in ten years)
E. Todesco, L. Rossi, P. McIntyre
20-T dipole
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
x (m
m)
y (mm)
Nb3Sn low
Nb3Sn
Nb-TiNb3Sn low
Nb3Sn
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
x (m
m)
y (mm)
HTS
Nb3Sn low
Nb-Ti
Nb3Sn
Nb-TiNb3Sn
HTS Nb3Sn
Nb3Sn low
Nb3Sn low
Nb3Sn
15-T dipole
beam pipe
beam pipe
kostenoptimierte Magnete
15 T dipoles + 100 km circumference → 100 TeV pp20 T dipoles + 80 km circumference → 100 TeV pp
Main Parameters for FHC (VHE-LHC)
energy = 100 TeV c.m.dipole field = 15 T (baseline) [20 T option]circumference ~100 km#IPs = 4total beam-beam tune shift = 0.01 bunch spacing = 25 ns [5 ns option]peak luminosity = 1034 cm-2s-1
b* ~ 1.1 m [2 m conservative option]linked to total beam current (~0.1 A)
VHE-LHC/FHC (pp) Hauptparameter
VHE-LHC/FHC Herausforderungensynchrotron radiation heat load
synchrotron radiation damping
luminosity limits (radiation damage, pile up)
machine protection
warm photon absorbers?
controlled blow up? shorter bunch spacing?crab wait collisions?
many more magnet sectors?
Teilchenphysik am VHE-LHC/FHC?
Nima Arkani-Hamed Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton
PSB PS (0.6 km)SPS (6.9 km)
LHC (26.7 km)
TLEP (80-100 km, e+e-, up to ~350 GeV c.m.)
VHE-LHC/FHC (pp, up to 100 TeV c.m.)
& e± (120 GeV) – p (7, 16 & 50 TeV) collisions ([(V)HE-]TLHeC)
≥50 years of e+e-, pp, ep/A physics at highest energies
LHeC & SAPPHiRE?
mögliche Langzeitstrategie
1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 2030
LHC Constr. PhysicsProto.Design, R&D
HL-LHC Constr. PhysicsDesign, R&D
VHE-LHC Constr.Design, R&D
2040
TLEP Constr. PhysicsDesign, R&D
Physics
LHeC/SAPPHiRE? Constr. PhysicsDesign, R&D
Skizze der Zeitskala
RECFA - Budapest– 5th October 2013
Infrastructuretunnels, surface buildings, transport (access roads), civil engineering, cooling
ventilation, electricity, cryogenics, communication & IT, fabrication and installation processes, maintenance, environmental impact and monitoring, safety
Hadron colliderOptics and beam dynamics
Functional specificationsPerformance specs
Critical technical systemsRelated R+D programsHE-LHC comparisonOperation conceptDetector concept
Physics requirements
Hadron injectorsBeam optics and
dynamicsFunctional specs
Performance specsCritical technical
systemsOperation concept
e+ e- colliderOptics and beam dynamics
Functional specificationsPerformance specs
Critical technical systemsRelated R+D programs
Injector (Booster)Operation conceptDetector concept
Physics requirements
e- p option: Physics, Integration, additional requirements
Future Circular Colliders (FCC) - Conceptual Design Study & Cost Review for next European
Strategy Update
FCC Studie - Umfang & Struktur
two pillars: pp & e+e-; emphasis on pp machine, driving infrastructure
Infrastructure, cost estimates
P. Lebrun
VL Hadron collider
D. Schulte
Hadron injectors
B. Goddard
e- p option Integration aspects O. Brüning
Future Circular Colliders - Conceptual Design StudyStudy coordination, host state relations, global cost estimate
M. Benedikt, F. Zimmermann
e+ e- collider
J. Wenninger
High Field Magnets
L. BotturaSupercon-ducting RFE. Jensen
CryogenicsL. TavianSpecific
Technologies(MP, Coll, Vac,
BI, BT, PO)JM. Jimenez
Physics and experiments
Hadron physic Experiments, infrastructureA. Ball, F. Gianotti,
M. Mangano
e+ e- exper., physics
A. Blondel J.Ellis, P.Janot
e- p physics +M. Klein
Operation aspects, energy efficiency, OP & mainten., safety, environment.
P. Collier
Planning (Implementation roadmap, financial planning, reporting)F. Sonnemann
German speakers
Team zur Kickoff- u. Studienvorbereitung
U. Geneva 12-15 February 2014!http://indico.cern.ch/e/fcc-kickoff
FCC “kick-off meeting”
Wir hoffen auf rege Mitarbeit!
Vielen Dank!
back-up slides
~600 pages
LHeC CDR published inJ. Phys. G: Nucl. Part. Phys. 39 075001 (2012)
LHeC Conceptual Design Report 2012
Dhgepp
pb HHIN
eL
*
, 1
4
1
L-R LHeC road map to ≥1033 cm-2s-1
luminosity of LR collider:
highest protonbeam brightness “permitted”(ultimate LHC values)
ge=3.75 mmNb=1.7x1011
bunch spacing 25 or 50 ns
smallest conceivableproton b* function: - reduced l* (23 m → 10 m)- squeeze only one p beam- new magnet technology Nb3Sn
b*p=0.1 m
maximize geometricoverlap factor- head-on collision- small e- emittance
qc=0Hhg≥0.9
(round beams)
average e-
current limited by energy recovery
efficiency
Ie=6.4 mA
HD~1.3D. SchulteLHeC2010
LHeC baseline & Higgs factory parameters
Lep ~2 1034 cm-2s-1
5 MeV Injector Dump
CONFIGURATION 1 – 75 PER PASSFINAL ENERGY 150
5 MeV Injector Dump
CONFIGURATION 1 – 150 PER PASSFINAL ENERGY 300
5 MeV Injector Dump
CONFIGURATION 1 – 300 PER PASSFINAL ENERGY 900 (two additional arcs)
various stages A. Valloni, O. Brüning, E. Jensen, M. Klein
design under studyLHeC SRF & ERL test facility
Higgs factory performancesPrecision on couplings, cross sections, mass, width, Summary of the ICFA HF2012 workshop (FNAL, Nov. 2012) arxiv1302:3318
Circular Higgs Factory really goes toprecision at few permil level.
CERN Courier article, 19 July 2013
John Ellis
RECFA - Budapest– 5th October 2013
Michael BenediktLeader
Frank ZimmermannDeputy Leader
F. Bordry
Leiter der FCC Designstudie
eine LHC Entdeckung